發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-28 02:08

  本文選題：SWAT模型　切入點(diǎn)：遷移轉(zhuǎn)化模型　出處：《湖南科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：新世紀(jì)以來,隨著社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展與科技的突飛猛進(jìn),人類對(duì)資源的需求量大大的提高,特別是重金屬的利用量也越來越多。重金屬污染問題已成為當(dāng)今環(huán)境地球化學(xué)領(lǐng)域研討的熱點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,各國(guó)研究學(xué)者開始熱切關(guān)注重金屬對(duì)土壤、水體和大氣的污染以及對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)的危害。目前我國(guó)缺少針對(duì)銻礦的開采制定有效的管理制度,以及過度使用銻礦,導(dǎo)致礦區(qū)及其周邊環(huán)境中的銻的含量超標(biāo),嚴(yán)重威脅人類自身的健康和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。本文以冷水江市閃星銻礦地區(qū)為主要研究區(qū),根據(jù)研究區(qū)環(huán)境的特征進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查后制定研究區(qū)采樣方案,結(jié)合Arc GIS技術(shù)構(gòu)建SWAT模型能夠識(shí)別的空間和屬性數(shù)據(jù)庫,利用Fortran語言編譯重金屬遷移轉(zhuǎn)化模型程序與模型進(jìn)行耦合從而構(gòu)建研究區(qū)土-水界面重金屬污染流污染負(fù)荷模擬改進(jìn)SWAT模型,最后對(duì)模型進(jìn)行調(diào)參優(yōu)化來模擬銻礦區(qū)土水界面流中重金屬銻的污染負(fù)荷,為研究區(qū)銻污染的評(píng)定與防治提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.銻礦區(qū)2013-2014年泥沙的年均輸出量為291.98萬t/a,主要集中在2013年9月和2014年1、2月,輸出總量達(dá)150.47萬t/a,占年輸出總量的51.5%。2013-2014年銻礦區(qū)年均徑流總量是239.27m3/s,2013年9、10月及2014年2-4月月徑流量較大,占年徑流總量的59.3%。2.研究區(qū)2014年銻污染負(fù)荷總量為2118.84kg,其中2014年重金屬銻污染主要集中在1、2、7和8月,污染負(fù)荷總量為1494.81kg,占年污染負(fù)荷總量的70.55%。3.研究區(qū)重金屬銻年污染負(fù)荷主要集中分布在中部方向。研究區(qū)中閃星銻礦冶煉廠、尾礦填埋場(chǎng)和一座開采礦山為銻年污染負(fù)荷最高區(qū)域(240-399.99kg)。銻礦區(qū)主要的運(yùn)輸路線、待采礦山和礦渣堆放區(qū)年污染負(fù)荷較高(70-239.99kg)。礦區(qū)周邊的居民區(qū)和農(nóng)田區(qū)銻年污染負(fù)荷較低(0-70kg)。目前計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅猛,SWAT模型在重金屬污染中的應(yīng)用越來越受到諸多科研人員的重視,改進(jìn)SWAT模型可以考慮重金屬在土水界面流中的豎向擴(kuò)散和橫向擴(kuò)散,構(gòu)建二維或者三維遷移轉(zhuǎn)化模型,以此提高轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理的準(zhǔn)確度,從而使SWAT改進(jìn)模型模擬的精確度提高,為礦區(qū)重金屬污染負(fù)荷的模擬提供更準(zhǔn)確的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, with the rapid development of society and the rapid development of science and technology, the human demand for resources has greatly increased. The pollution of heavy metals has become a hot topic in the field of environmental geochemistry, and researchers from all over the world begin to pay close attention to the effects of heavy metals on soil. Pollution of water and atmosphere and harm to agricultural ecology. At present, the lack of an effective management system for the exploitation of antimony deposits in China and the excessive use of antimony ore have led to the excessive content of antimony in the mining area and its surrounding environment. It is a serious threat to the health of human beings and the balance of ecosystem. In this paper, the Shanxing Antimony Mine area of Lengshuijiang City is taken as the main research area, and the sampling plan of the study area is made according to the field investigation of the environmental characteristics of the study area. Combining with Arc GIS technology to construct the spatial and attribute database which can be recognized by SWAT model, The Fortran language is used to compile the heavy metal migration and transformation model program and the model is coupled to construct the improved SWAT model of heavy metal pollution load simulation at the soil-water interface. Finally, the model is optimized to simulate the heavy metal antimony pollution load in soil-water interface flow in antimony ore area. The main results are as follows: 1.The average annual sediment output from the antimony ore area in 2013-2014 is 2.9198 million t / a, mainly concentrated in September 2013 and January and February 2014. The total output is 1.5047 million t / a, accounting for 51.5% of the total annual output. The total annual runoff of the antimony ore area in 2013-2014 is 239.27 m3 / s, and the monthly runoff in September, October and February / April of 2014 is relatively large. The total antimony pollution load in the study area in 2014 was 2118.84 kg. The total pollution load is 1494.81 kg, which accounts for 70.55% of the total annual pollution load. The heavy metal antimony annual pollution load in the study area is mainly distributed in the central direction. The tailings landfill and a mining mine are the most polluted area of antimony in the area of 240-399.99 kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路s ~ (-1). The main transportation route of antimony mine area, The annual pollution load of SWAT model is higher than that of mining area and slag storage area. The annual antimony pollution load of residential area and farmland area is lower than that of mining area. At present, the application of SWAT model in heavy metal pollution is getting more and more. The importance of scientific research personnel, The improved SWAT model can consider the vertical and horizontal diffusion of heavy metals in soil-water interface flow, and construct a two-dimensional or three-dimensional migration and transformation model, so as to improve the accuracy of the transformation mechanism, so as to improve the accuracy of the simulation of the improved SWAT model. It provides a more accurate basis for the simulation of heavy metal pollution load in mining area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X753

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本文編號(hào)：1674270