本文選題：爐灰渣　切入點：雞糞　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：堆肥作為畜禽糞便資源化無害化處理的重要技術(shù)手段之一,得到國內(nèi)外研究者的重視及生產(chǎn)中廣泛應(yīng)用。在畜禽糞便資源化無害化堆肥處理中,高含水率是困擾堆肥快速升溫發(fā)酵的瓶頸,需要輔料的添加來降低濕糞中的水分。作為畜禽糞便堆肥的有機輔料,國內(nèi)外常用的是木屑、樹皮等農(nóng)林業(yè)的副產(chǎn)物。但隨著木屑貨源的緊缺及價格的上漲,開發(fā)研究廉價易得堆肥輔助材料是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。爐灰渣表面粗糙,形狀不規(guī)則,有松散的結(jié)構(gòu),具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu),空隙率達(dá)50%-60%,有很好的吸濕性和通氣性,因此爐灰渣可利用于畜禽糞便堆肥生產(chǎn)中的輔助材料。本實驗對爐灰渣作為雞糞堆肥輔料的可行性進(jìn)行了分析。為了進(jìn)一步了解爐灰渣添加比例,以添加比20%和40%做了比較。通過對發(fā)酵溫度、含水率變化、pH值和C/N比測定,比較了兩者以及以鋸末為輔料的對照組進(jìn)行了發(fā)酵效果評價。得出添加爐灰渣時發(fā)酵效果比對照組好,添加比為40%時比添加比為20%時發(fā)酵效果良好。本文以畜產(chǎn)廢棄物好氧堆肥為研究對象,用PCR-DGGE法分析了細(xì)菌菌落結(jié)構(gòu),并分析了在發(fā)酵過程中細(xì)菌菌落變化。共鑒定出3個門(Actinobaeteria, Firmicutes和Deinococcus-Thermus)6個目(Bacillales, Clostridiales, Actinomycetales, Thermoanaerobacterales和Deinococci)的14種菌屬。發(fā)酵中占主導(dǎo)地位的是Firmicutes門的Bacillales和Clostridiales。
[Abstract]:Composting, as one of the important technical means of harmless disposal of livestock and poultry manure, has been paid attention to by researchers at home and abroad and widely used in production. High moisture content is the bottleneck of rapid heating and fermentation of compost, which needs the addition of auxiliary materials to reduce the moisture in wet manure. As an organic adjunct for composting of livestock and poultry manure, wood chips are commonly used at home and abroad. But with the shortage of wood chips and the rise of prices, it is urgent to develop and study cheap and easily available compost auxiliary materials. The surface of furnace ash is rough, irregular, loose structure, porous structure, The porosity is 50% to 60%, which has good moisture absorption and ventilation. Therefore, furnace ash can be used as auxiliary material in composting of livestock and poultry manure. The feasibility of furnace ash as auxiliary material for chicken manure compost was analyzed in this experiment. The fermentation temperature, water content, pH value and C / N ratio were compared between 20% and 40%. The fermentative effects of the two groups and the control group with sawdust as auxiliary material were compared, and the results showed that the fermentation effect was better than that of the control group when the furnace ash was added. The fermentation effect was good when the addition ratio was 40 and 20. In this paper, the aerobic compost of animal waste was used as the research object, and the bacterial colony structure was analyzed by PCR-DGGE method. The bacterial colony changes during fermentation were analyzed. A total of 6 species of Bacillus, Clostridiales, Actinomycetales, Thermoanaerobacterales and Deinococciae were identified from 3 species of Actinobaeteria, Firmicutes and Deinococcus Thermus. Bacillales and Clostridiales of Firmicutes were dominant in the fermentation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S141.4;X713

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