本文關(guān)鍵詞： 節(jié)能減排 指標(biāo)體系 政策評價(jià) 能源和資源 污染物排放　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),全球氣候日益變暖,人類生存和發(fā)展面臨著嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。人類在生產(chǎn)生活中大量使用煤炭、石油等化石燃料,導(dǎo)致能源資源的嚴(yán)重枯竭,二氧化碳的大量排放給人們的日常生活帶來了不同程度的危害。資源能源缺乏、全球氣候變化、生態(tài)破壞等問題如今越來越引起當(dāng)今國際社會(huì)的密切關(guān)注,全人類共同面臨著可持續(xù)發(fā)展的緊迫課題。若各國仍對氣候變化不采取措施,消極對待,地震、暴雨、臺(tái)風(fēng)、洪水等自然災(zāi)難將會(huì)層出不窮,危害威脅著全人類的生存環(huán)境。20世紀(jì)70年代末至今,我國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等各個(gè)方面取得了空前發(fā)展,但取得發(fā)展的同時(shí)面臨著能源緊缺、環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞等多重壓力�；谶@種嚴(yán)峻的現(xiàn)實(shí)背景,我國政府在“十一五”“十二五”時(shí)期密集出臺(tái)了一系列與節(jié)能減排相關(guān)的政策。由于當(dāng)前環(huán)境惡化形勢日益加劇,節(jié)能減排引起了國內(nèi)外社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注,許多學(xué)者紛紛從節(jié)能減排多個(gè)角度出發(fā)對其進(jìn)行研究,對節(jié)能減排政策體系的評價(jià)研究近幾年也逐漸成為學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點(diǎn)問題之一。對節(jié)能減排政策體系展開評價(jià),如今看來具有非常重要的理論及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,不僅可以為國家或者地區(qū)的當(dāng)前節(jié)能減排工作做出正確評估,還可以對政策的優(yōu)劣程度作出判斷,有利于在今后制定新的政策時(shí)提供理論依據(jù)和決策依據(jù)。本文對國內(nèi)外與節(jié)能減排政策評價(jià)有關(guān)研究進(jìn)行總結(jié),再以成都為樣本城市,論述節(jié)能減排概念和其他相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)、界定節(jié)能減排政策的公共政策屬性以及搜集成都市2007-2012年出臺(tái)的節(jié)能減排相關(guān)政策基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合成都市的節(jié)能減排實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行評價(jià)研究。本文從可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念出發(fā),根據(jù)公共政策評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和模式,結(jié)合成都市資源環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀把政策的完整性、政策執(zhí)行力度和政策實(shí)施效果三個(gè)方面結(jié)合起來,依據(jù)一定的原則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)構(gòu)建起節(jié)能減排政策體系的綜合評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。然后應(yīng)用熵權(quán)法作為評價(jià)模型對成都市2007-2012年的節(jié)能減排政策體系進(jìn)行了評價(jià)和分析。結(jié)果表明,成都市節(jié)能減排成效逐年明顯,有賴于政策內(nèi)容的不斷完善。最后針對成都市節(jié)能減排政策實(shí)施過程中存在的問題,提出了完善節(jié)能減排政策的對策建議。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, the global climate is warming day by day, and human survival and development are facing a severe test. Human beings use a large number of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and other fossil fuels in their production and daily life, resulting in serious depletion of energy resources. The large amount of carbon dioxide emissions to people's daily life has brought about varying degrees of harm. Lack of resources and energy, global climate change, ecological damage and other issues are now attracting more and more attention from the international community. All mankind is faced with the urgent problem of sustainable development. If countries still do not take measures against climate change, negative treatment, earthquakes, rainstorms, typhoons, floods and other natural disasters will emerge in endlessly. Endangering the survival environment of all mankind. Since the end of 70s, our country has made unprecedented development in politics, economy, culture and so on, but at the same time, it faces the shortage of energy and environmental pollution. Based on this grim realistic background, our government has issued a series of policies related to energy saving and emission reduction during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. Energy saving and emission reduction has attracted wide attention from all walks of life at home and abroad. Many scholars have studied energy saving and emission reduction from many angles. The evaluation of energy-saving and emission reduction policy system has gradually become one of the hot issues in academic circles in recent years. The evaluation of energy-saving and emission reduction policy system now seems to have very important theoretical and practical significance. Not only can we make a correct assessment of the current energy conservation and emission reduction work in a country or region, but also judge the merits and demerits of the policy. It is beneficial to provide the theoretical basis and decision basis for the formulation of new policies in the future. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign studies related to the evaluation of energy-saving and emission reduction policies, and then takes Chengdu as a sample city to discuss the concept of energy-saving and emission reduction and other related theoretical bases. On the basis of defining the public policy attribute of energy saving and emission reduction policy and collecting the relevant energy saving and emission reduction policies issued in Chengdu from 2007 to 2012, this paper evaluates and studies the actual situation of energy saving and emission reduction in Chengdu. According to the public policy evaluation criteria and models, combined with the current situation of resources and environment in Chengdu, the integrity of the policy, the strength of policy implementation and the effect of policy implementation are combined. According to certain principles and standards, the comprehensive evaluation index system of energy saving and emission reduction policy system is constructed, and then the energy saving and emission reduction policy system in Chengdu from 2007 to 2012 is evaluated and analyzed by using entropy weight method. The effect of energy saving and emission reduction in Chengdu is obvious year by year, which depends on the continuous improvement of policy content. Finally, aiming at the problems existing in the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policy in Chengdu, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the energy saving and emission reduction policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F205;X321

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本文編號：1523909