本文關(guān)鍵詞： 皮革廢水 氨氮吹脫 Fenton氧化　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,我國是世界上最大的皮革制造國家,皮革行業(yè)產(chǎn)生的廢水水量大,波動(dòng)性強(qiáng),成分復(fù)雜,含有大量懸浮物、有機(jī)物、氨氮和有毒物質(zhì)等。本課題研究水樣為山東某皮革工業(yè)園區(qū)綜合型廢水,重點(diǎn)去除廢水中的COD和氨氮,通過小試研究確定了廢水處理的基本工藝,并優(yōu)化相關(guān)工藝條件。本文采用物化和生化相結(jié)合的組合工藝處理廢水。首先采用加堿沉淀法進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,通過研究得到加堿最適pH為12,絮凝效果最好,且為氨氮吹脫提供最適pH。為降低廢水處理成本,本文采用氫氧化鈣和氫氧化鈉兩種堿組合的方式調(diào)節(jié)廢水pH,先加入氫氧化鈣將廢水的pH調(diào)節(jié)至10左右,重金屬等物質(zhì)形成沉淀,再加入氫氧化鈉調(diào)節(jié)pH到12,形成絮凝狀態(tài)。廢水COD經(jīng)加堿沉淀可降低300-400 mg·L-1。繼續(xù)進(jìn)行氨氮吹脫,通過研究得到吹脫最適溫度為30℃,吹脫最適時(shí)間為20 h。廢水中的氨氮經(jīng)過吹脫由666.27 mg·L-1降低至100 mg·L-1以下。然后采用好氧生化處理,酸化水解,好氧生化處理組合的方式將廢水中的可生化物質(zhì)基本降解,廢水中的COD可將至400 mg·L-1左右。再采用Fenton氧化法處理廢水,氧化降解部分廢水中的污染物,同時(shí)使得廢水中的部分不可生物降解污染物發(fā)生改變,廢水的可生化性得到提高。通過研究得到Fenton反應(yīng)的條件為:反應(yīng)溫度為30℃,反應(yīng)初始pH為4,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.5h,雙氧水與七水合硫酸亞鐵的摩爾比為5:1,Fenton反應(yīng)實(shí)際用量與理論用量的比值為1.2。生化處理后的廢水經(jīng)過Fenton氧化,B/C可提高到0.54,COD為222.26 mg·L-1。最后進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的好氧生化處理,經(jīng)處理后的廢水COD低于60 mg·L-1,氨氮低于10 mg·L-1,可達(dá)到《山東省海河流域水污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(DB37/675-2007)排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:At present, China is the largest leather manufacturing country in the world. The wastewater produced by the leather industry has a large amount of water, strong volatility, complex composition, and contains a large number of suspended solids and organic compounds. Ammonia nitrogen and toxic substances, etc. In this study, the water sample is a synthetic wastewater from a leather industrial park in Shandong Province. The COD and ammonia nitrogen are removed from the wastewater, and the basic process of wastewater treatment is determined through a pilot study. In this paper, a combination of physicochemical and biochemical processes was used to treat wastewater. Firstly, the alkali precipitation method was used to pretreat the wastewater. The optimum pH value of alkali addition was 12, and the flocculation effect was the best. In order to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment, the pH of wastewater was adjusted by the combination of calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. The pH of wastewater was adjusted to about 10 by adding calcium hydroxide, and heavy metals and other substances were precipitated. Then adding sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 12 to form flocculation state. The COD of wastewater can be reduced 300-400mg 路L ~ (-1) by alkali precipitation. The optimum temperature of blowing is 30 鈩，

本文編號：1502162