本文關(guān)鍵詞： 硬質(zhì)化河道 水生植物光合作用 微孔曝氣技術(shù) 水力跌水復(fù)氧技術(shù)協(xié)同復(fù)氧技術(shù)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市硬質(zhì)化河道存在水體自凈能力弱、耗氧有機(jī)污染物濃度高、水體黑臭等問題,這些問題與水體缺氧密切相關(guān),針對這些問題,本文通過研究水生植物光合作用、微孔曝氣技術(shù)、水力跌水三種復(fù)氧技術(shù)的影響因素、復(fù)氧效果及對硬質(zhì)化河道水體中污染物的去除效果,合理安排微孔曝氣、水力跌水、水生植物光合作用三種復(fù)氧技術(shù)的不同布設(shè)方式,提出微孔曝氣/水力跌水/水生植物光合作用協(xié)同復(fù)氧技術(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過比較微孔曝氣/水力跌水/水生植物光合作用協(xié)同復(fù)氧技術(shù)不同布設(shè)方式的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,為硬質(zhì)化河道水體復(fù)氧技術(shù)在實際工程中不同條件下采用的布設(shè)方式提出建議,為硬質(zhì)化河道的水污染凈化提供技術(shù)支持。本文的主要結(jié)論有:(1)四種本土沉水植物輪葉黑藻、金魚藻、苦草、狐尾藻在自然光照條件下通過光合作用對水體具有復(fù)氧效果,對水體的復(fù)氧效果順序依次為輪葉黑藻苦草金魚藻狐尾藻;輪葉黑藻、金魚藻、苦草、狐尾藻對水體氨氮具有較好去除率,輪葉黑藻去除水體氨氮效果最好;這四種水生植物對水體COD的去除效果不明顯,水生植物的生長狀況影響著水生植物對水體污染物的去除效果。(2)通過微孔曝氣復(fù)氧實驗室對比試驗,得出水體中DO含量達(dá)到穩(wěn)定值所需曝氣時間與曝氣強度呈負(fù)相關(guān),與曝氣水深呈正相關(guān);曝氣點處水體DO均能在4h內(nèi)達(dá)到6mg/L以上;微孔曝氣對水體的復(fù)氧效果在縱向上不存在分層現(xiàn)象,在橫向上對水體復(fù)氧效果逐漸遞減,對水體COD、氨氮去除效果在縱向上不存在分層現(xiàn)象;微孔曝氣對硬質(zhì)化河道水體中COD、氨氮去除率較低;在水深為0.3m-0.7m范圍內(nèi),曝氣強度為200L/(m2·h)時,微孔曝氣在連續(xù)運行及間歇曝氣(曝氣40 min,靜止20min,交替進(jìn)行)運行條件下,能夠在3h內(nèi)將水體DO提升到6mg/L以上,滿足復(fù)氧目標(biāo)需求;微孔曝氣在最不利水深0.7m條件下間歇運行時,停止曝氣后水體DO隨時間逐漸降低,降低速率為0.0249mg/(L·min)。(3)不同跌水高度(0.2m、0.4m、0.6m)、跌水流量(50L/h、100L/h、150L/h)、跌水深度(0.2m、0.4m)條件下,經(jīng)過一級水力跌水復(fù)氧后溢流面下游0.25m和溢流面下游0.75m處水體的DO增加量整體較小,缺氧水體經(jīng)過一級水力跌水復(fù)氧后水體中DO不能達(dá)到6mg/L的目標(biāo),復(fù)氧效果不理想,為提高其復(fù)氧效果,需考慮設(shè)置多級水力跌水。水力跌水措施對硬質(zhì)化河道水體的復(fù)氧效果整體上與跌水高度、跌水流量、跌水深度呈正相關(guān),與進(jìn)水DO濃度呈負(fù)相關(guān)。水力跌水復(fù)氧措施對氨氮、COD去除效果較差。(4)在微孔曝氣、水力跌水、水生植物光合作用復(fù)氧效果研究的基礎(chǔ)上,得出使水體DO達(dá)到6mg/L以上的五種復(fù)氧布設(shè)方式:微孔曝氣復(fù)氧技術(shù)(方式A)、水力跌水復(fù)氧技術(shù)(方式B)、水力跌水-微孔曝氣-水生植物組合方式(方式C)、微孔曝氣-水力跌水-水生植物組合方式(方式D)、水力跌水-水生植物組合方式(方式E)。并從微孔曝氣時間長短上比較各種布設(shè)方式的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,為硬質(zhì)化河道水體復(fù)氧技術(shù)在實際工程應(yīng)用中的運行方式提出建議。
[Abstract]:City hard river water self purification ability are weak, the concentration of oxygen consumption of high organic pollutants, water black odor problems, these problems are closely related to hypoxia and water, in order to solve these problems, this paper research on Photosynthesis of aquatic plants, aeration technology, hydraulic drop three effects of reoxygenation technology factors, the effect of reaeration and removal of hard of pollutants in the river water body, reasonable arrangement of aeration, water drop, the photosynthesis of aquatic plants and three kinds of reoxygenation, different arrangement mode, put forward the micropore aeration / hydraulic water / aquatic plant photosynthesis synergistic reoxygenation. On this basis, through economic comparison of microporous aeration / hydraulic / drop of photosynthesis of aquatic plants co reoxygenation, different arrangement mode, put forward suggestion for hard River reaeration technique used in practical engineering under different conditions, as hard Water pollution matter of river purification to provide technical support. The main conclusions of this paper are: (1) four native submerged plant Hydrilla verticillata, hornwort, Vallisneria, Myriophyllum under natural light conditions through photosynthesis with oxygen effect of water, the water reaeration effect order of Hydrilla Ceratophyllaceae Myriophyllum Vallisneria; Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneria spiralis, Myriophyllum had a good removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in water, Hydrilla removal ammonia water had the best effect; effect on removing COD in the water of the four kinds of aquatic plants is not obvious, the growth status of aquatic plants affects the removal effect of pollutants of the aquatic plants. (2) by aeration reoxygenation laboratory tests, the content of DO in water reached a stable value required aeration time was negatively correlated with aeration intensity and aeration depth was positively correlated with aeration; point of water DO can reach 6mg in 4H /L; effect of oxygen complex on water aeration does not exist in the vertical stratification, the lateral of reaeration effect decreases gradually, on the water COD, ammonia nitrogen removal does not exist in the vertical stratification; aeration of hard river water COD, ammonia nitrogen removal rate is low; in depth was in the range of 0.3m-0.7m, aeration rate of 200L/ (M2 - H), aeration in the continuous operation and intermittent aeration (aeration 40 min, static 20min, alternating) operating conditions, can be in 3H water DO to more than 6mg/L, to meet the target of oxygen demand; aeration in the most unfavorable water depth 0.7m under the condition of intermittent operation, stop aeration after water DO decreases with time, reduce the rate of 0.0249mg/ (L - min). (3) different waterfall height (0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m), water flow (50L/h, 100L/h, 150L/h), water depth (0.2m, 0.4m) under the condition of a class hydraulic drop Water after reoxygenation spillway downstream 0.25m and 0.75m downstream of the overflow surface water DO increase the overall small, anoxic water through a water drop after reoxygenation DO in water can not reach the goal of 6mg/L, reoxygenation effect is not ideal, in order to improve the effect of reaeration, should be considered to set up multi-level water drop reaeration. The effect of hydraulic drop measures of river water to hard on the whole and the falling height, water flow, water depth was positively correlated, negatively correlated with the concentration of DO. The hydraulic water drop reaeration measures of ammonia nitrogen, the removal efficiency of COD is poor. (4) in aeration, hydraulic drop, basis of aquatic vegetation photosynthesis reaeration effect research on the water DO 6mg/L reached above five reoxygen layout: microporous aeration technology (A), hydraulic waterfall reoxygenation (B), hydraulic drop - aeration - aquatic plant combinations (C), microporous aeration Gas - hydraulic drop - aquatic plant combination (D), water drop - aquatic plant combinations (E). And the length of time from aeration economic comparison of various layout methods, put forward suggestions for the operation of hard River reaeration technology in the practical application.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1497013