本文關(guān)鍵詞：超重力條件下強(qiáng)化廢鉛酸電池鉛膏脫硫過(guò)程研究　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 超重力旋轉(zhuǎn)填充床 快速脫硫 強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì) 鉛膏 廢舊鉛酸蓄電池

【摘要】：鉛膏是鉛酸蓄電池中重要的含鉛物質(zhì),是鉛回收工藝的主要原料,對(duì)其處理不當(dāng)將嚴(yán)重污染環(huán)境和危害人類(lèi)健康。目前,濕法處理工藝由于具有能耗低環(huán)境污染小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)越來(lái)越受到廣泛關(guān)注。然而,傳統(tǒng)的濕法處理鉛膏過(guò)程受擴(kuò)散控制,液固相間的混合和傳質(zhì)效率低,從而限制了其工業(yè)應(yīng)用。本論文首次將新型過(guò)程強(qiáng)化設(shè)備超重力旋轉(zhuǎn)填充床應(yīng)用于鉛膏脫硫過(guò)程,旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)快速高效脫硫；進(jìn)一步通過(guò)對(duì)其微觀(guān)混合和傳質(zhì)機(jī)理的理論分析,揭示其脫硫過(guò)程機(jī)制。全文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下：1)在傳統(tǒng)攪拌釜(STR)中,以Na2CO3口NaOH作為脫硫轉(zhuǎn)化劑,進(jìn)行了PbSO4的脫硫過(guò)程研究。重點(diǎn)考察了濃度、物料配比(脫硫劑和PbSO4的摩爾比)、溫度等對(duì)PbSO4脫硫過(guò)程的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：隨著脫硫轉(zhuǎn)化劑濃度的增加,PbSO4的脫硫率也隨之增加；隨著物料配比的提高,脫硫率也同樣增加,當(dāng)脫硫劑過(guò)量20%時(shí),脫硫效率最佳；溫度對(duì)脫硫過(guò)程影響小。此外,當(dāng)Na2CO3為脫硫劑時(shí),12 min(720 s)后脫硫率為99.7%；而當(dāng)NaO H為脫硫劑時(shí),6 min(360s)后脫硫率為99.5%。2)采用超重力旋轉(zhuǎn)填充床(RPB)為強(qiáng)化脫硫反應(yīng)器,進(jìn)行了PbSO4脫硫過(guò)程研究。分別考察了轉(zhuǎn)速、進(jìn)料流量、物料配比、溫度、濃度等因素對(duì)脫硫過(guò)程的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：脫硫率隨著濃度、轉(zhuǎn)速、進(jìn)料流量的提高均有不同程度的提升,在轉(zhuǎn)速1500 rpm、進(jìn)料流量1100 mL/min條件下可達(dá)到較優(yōu)脫硫效果。當(dāng)Na2CO3為脫硫劑時(shí),低濃度下提高溫度可提高脫硫率,繼續(xù)提高則將導(dǎo)致脫硫率的下降,但高濃度下溫度的影響不顯著；當(dāng)NaOH為脫硫劑時(shí),隨著溫度的升高,脫硫率呈先降低后升高的趨勢(shì),20℃時(shí)達(dá)到最高脫硫率。按化學(xué)計(jì)量比計(jì)算,當(dāng)Na2CO3過(guò)量20%和NaOH不過(guò)量時(shí),均可實(shí)現(xiàn)高效快速脫硫,即在1 s的反應(yīng)時(shí)間內(nèi),脫硫率達(dá)到99.5%,較STR縮短了2個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),更重要的是實(shí)現(xiàn)了連續(xù)化操作。3)基于RPB內(nèi)PbSO4脫硫的較優(yōu)工藝條件,進(jìn)一步開(kāi)展了RPB處理實(shí)際鉛膏負(fù)極粉和正極粉的脫硫過(guò)程研究。對(duì)比研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在STR中,對(duì)于Na2CO3體系,在9000 rpm轉(zhuǎn)速下反應(yīng)10min (600 s),脫硫率為97%；對(duì)于NaOH體系,14 min (840 s)后脫硫率為99%。而在相同溫度、濃度和物料配比等實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,RPB(轉(zhuǎn)速1500rpm)實(shí)現(xiàn)同樣的鉛膏脫硫率,所用時(shí)間僅需1 s,至少提高2個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。上述研究結(jié)果表明,本論文提出的超重力旋轉(zhuǎn)填充床強(qiáng)化廢鉛酸電池鉛膏的脫硫技術(shù),具有重要的工業(yè)應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Lead paste is an important lead-containing substance in lead-acid batteries and the main raw material of lead recovery process. Improper treatment of lead paste will seriously pollute the environment and endanger human health. Due to its advantages of low energy consumption and low environmental pollution, wet process has attracted more and more attention. However, the traditional wet treatment of lead paste process is controlled by diffusion, and the mixing and mass transfer efficiency between liquid and solid phases is low. Therefore, its industrial application is limited. In this paper, a new type of process strengthening equipment, hypergravity rotating packed bed, is first applied to the desulfurization process of lead paste in order to realize continuous rapid and efficient desulfurization. The mechanism of desulphurization is revealed through the theoretical analysis of its micro-mixing and mass transfer mechanism. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) in the traditional stirred kettle (STR). The desulfurization process of PbSO4 was studied with Na2CO3 port NaOH as desulfurization conversion agent, and the concentration and molar ratio of material (desulfurizer and PbSO4) were investigated. The effect of temperature on PbSO4 desulfurization process. The results show that the desulfurization rate of PbSO4 increases with the increase of desulfurization conversion agent concentration. The desulphurization rate also increases with the increase of the material ratio, and the desulfurization efficiency is the best when the desulfurization agent exceeds 20%. The temperature has little effect on the desulfurization process. In addition, the desulphurization rate is 99.7 when Na2CO3 is the desulfurizer for 12 min(720 s. When NaO H was used as desulfurizer, the desulphurization rate was 99.5%. 2) the high gravity rotating packed bed (NaO B) was used as the enhanced desulfurization reactor. The PbSO4 desulphurization process was studied. The effects of speed, feed flow rate, material ratio, temperature and concentration on the desulfurization process were investigated. It was found that the desulphurization rate varies with the concentration and speed of desulfurization. Under the conditions of 1500rpm rotational speed and 1100 mL/min feed flow, the desulfurization effect was better when Na2CO3 was used as desulfurizer. Increasing the temperature at low concentration can increase the desulfurization rate, and further increasing will lead to the decrease of the desulfurization rate, but the effect of the temperature at the high concentration is not significant. When NaOH was used as desulfurizer, the desulphurization rate decreased first and then increased with the increase of temperature, and reached the highest desulfurization rate at 20 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1376796