本文選題：廣播式自動(dòng)相關(guān)監(jiān)視 + 備用導(dǎo)航源�。� 參考：《中國(guó)民航大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國(guó)聯(lián)邦航空局(FAA)認(rèn)為ADS-B作為一種全新的監(jiān)視技術(shù),是實(shí)施自由飛行的基石,其主要功能(ADS-B、交通情報(bào)服務(wù)廣播(TIS-B)、飛行情報(bào)服務(wù)廣播(FIS-B))可以在監(jiān)視、防撞、輔助進(jìn)近上發(fā)揮重要作用。同時(shí)國(guó)產(chǎn)C919大飛機(jī)上也已確定安裝ADS-B相關(guān)產(chǎn)品。但現(xiàn)階段ADS-B水平導(dǎo)航源僅采用全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(GNSS),當(dāng)衛(wèi)星發(fā)生故障時(shí),會(huì)出現(xiàn)監(jiān)視失效的問(wèn)題,且ADS-B報(bào)文開(kāi)放共享式的特點(diǎn)導(dǎo)致其易受虛假欺騙。因此,研究ADS-B備用導(dǎo)航源和防欺騙技術(shù)有著極為重要的意義。本文首先對(duì)ADS-B的基本原理做了介紹,在報(bào)文內(nèi)容和接收?qǐng)?bào)告部分做了較為詳盡的闡述。隨后對(duì)基于ADS-B的備用導(dǎo)航源與防欺騙技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入研究,所做的工作主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:1)從間隔誤差概率分析的角度考慮,給出適合基于所需性能導(dǎo)航(RNP)的導(dǎo)航源的ADS-B導(dǎo)航源精度和完好性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。同時(shí)針對(duì)測(cè)距機(jī)(DME)這類RNP導(dǎo)航源時(shí)在精度和完好性方面無(wú)法滿足當(dāng)前標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的問(wèn)題,提出一些對(duì)于導(dǎo)航完好性類別(NIC)和導(dǎo)航精度類別(NACp)編碼的改變建議。實(shí)現(xiàn)DME/DME導(dǎo)航源實(shí)用最大化,使基于DME/DME的RNP備用導(dǎo)航源符合5nm間隔實(shí)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2)ADS-B防欺騙系統(tǒng)的接收前端,將盲信號(hào)分離算法應(yīng)用到ADS-B 1090 ES信號(hào)分離上。采用FastICA算法進(jìn)行混疊信號(hào)分離,最后通過(guò)信號(hào)的相關(guān)系數(shù)判斷信號(hào)分離效果。3)ADS-B防欺騙系統(tǒng)最重要的部分是在利用下行ADS-B信號(hào)進(jìn)行定位以剔除虛假信號(hào)。采用新型到達(dá)時(shí)間差(TDOA)與到達(dá)時(shí)間和(TSOA)定位模型,探索常規(guī)定位算法下該新型混合定位模型和常規(guī)TDOA定位模型的定位性能。同時(shí)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)Taylor級(jí)數(shù)算法做了改進(jìn)優(yōu)化,給出了利用Friedlander算法結(jié)果作為T(mén)aylor級(jí)數(shù)算法的初始迭代值的改進(jìn)算法,解決其因初始值選擇而導(dǎo)致的算法可能不收斂或者誤差增大的情況。最后分析傳統(tǒng)Taylor級(jí)數(shù)算法與改進(jìn)Taylor級(jí)數(shù)算法在不同定位模型下的定位性能,且討論了基站數(shù)量對(duì)定位性能的影響。通過(guò)定位算法的結(jié)果與ADS-B信號(hào)解碼出來(lái)的位置信息比對(duì),實(shí)現(xiàn)了ADS-B系統(tǒng)防欺騙。
[Abstract]:FAA holds that ADS-B, as a new surveillance technology, is the cornerstone of free flight, and its main function is ADS-B, TIS-BN, FIS-BN), which can be used to monitor and prevent collisions. Auxiliary approach plays an important role. At the same time, the domestic C 919 aircraft has also confirmed the installation of ADS-B related products. However, at present, the ADS-B horizontal navigation source only uses the GNSS satellite system. When the satellite fails, there will be the problem of monitoring failure, and the characteristics of open and shared ADS-B packets make it vulnerable to false deception. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the ADS-B standby navigation source and anti-spoofing technology. In this paper, the basic principle of ADS-B is introduced, and the message content and receiving report are described in detail. Then, the backup navigation source and anti-deception technology based on ADS-B are deeply studied. The main work is as follows: 1) considering from the angle of probability analysis of interval error, The standard of accuracy and completeness of ADS-B navigation source suitable for navigation source based on required performance is given. At the same time, aiming at the problem that the accuracy and completeness of the RNP navigation source can not meet the current standard, some suggestions for the improvement of the navigation integrity class and the navigation accuracy class are put forward. The DME/DME navigation source is maximized, and the RNP standby navigation source based on DME/DME meets the 5nm interval implementation standard. 2. The blind signal separation algorithm is applied to the ADS-B 1090 es signal separation. The FastICA algorithm is used to separate the aliasing signals. Finally, the most important part of the anti-deception system of ADS-B is to use the downlink ADS-B signal to locate and eliminate the false signals by judging the signal separation effect by correlation coefficient of the signal. A new time-of-arrival (TDOA) and time of arrival (TSOA) localization model is used to explore the localization performance of the new hybrid localization model and the conventional TDOA location model under the conventional localization algorithm. At the same time, the traditional Taylor series algorithm is improved and optimized, and an improved algorithm using the results of the Friedlander algorithm as the initial iteration value of the Taylor series algorithm is given to solve the problem that the algorithm may not converge or the error increases due to the selection of the initial value. Finally, the localization performance of the traditional Taylor series algorithm and the improved Taylor series algorithm under different location models is analyzed, and the influence of the number of base stations on the location performance is discussed. By comparing the result of the localization algorithm with the position information decoded by ADS-B signal, the anti-deception of ADS-B system is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：V351.37

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