本文選題：交會對接 + LabVIEW��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：交會對接技術(shù)與天地往返、出艙活動技術(shù)并稱為載人航天三大基本技術(shù),其技術(shù)主要能夠服務(wù)于長期載人航天飛行、大型空間站使用以及相關(guān)補(bǔ)給任務(wù)的重要支撐部分,因此作為一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)來說,設(shè)計(jì)其系統(tǒng)具有諸多要求。如何真實(shí)且有效的設(shè)計(jì)交會對接的仿真測試具有非常重要的意義,隨著目前航天事業(yè)的發(fā)展,在航天領(lǐng)域中引入實(shí)時(shí)仿真技術(shù)已經(jīng)有了一定的應(yīng)用。而Lab VIEW RT是在Lab VIEW編程軟件的基礎(chǔ)上,衍生出的一種面向?qū)崟r(shí)系統(tǒng)的,且能夠與相應(yīng)實(shí)時(shí)硬件配合的實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng),相比其他的實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)來說,它的豐富的軟硬件平臺是其他實(shí)時(shí)系統(tǒng)所不具有的。本文基于某實(shí)際項(xiàng)目“XX控制與仿真”,針對空間飛行器的動力學(xué)模型設(shè)計(jì)、仿真方案、半物理仿真試驗(yàn)等進(jìn)行了深入研究。其主要內(nèi)容包括:首先,在軌道坐標(biāo)系中介紹了相對運(yùn)動方程,即C-W方程,之后通過數(shù)學(xué)建模并分析其相對運(yùn)動特點(diǎn)及性質(zhì);之后由于在近距離相對運(yùn)動中的姿態(tài)運(yùn)動也是不可忽視的一部分,故繼而對相對姿態(tài)運(yùn)動進(jìn)行研究;最后通過對比分析自然狀態(tài)下以及受攝動影響的數(shù)學(xué)仿真模型,研究攝動對空間飛行器的近距離相對運(yùn)動的影響。之后,在近距離交會過程中,單一的慣性元件導(dǎo)航或者CCD相機(jī)導(dǎo)航都有著各自獨(dú)立的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),結(jié)合實(shí)際情況并不能單一有效的完成導(dǎo)航任務(wù),為此本文結(jié)合兩種導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢,分析并設(shè)計(jì)了IMU/CCD組合導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng),提高系統(tǒng)的導(dǎo)航精度。其次,采用NI公司的仿真接口工具包(Simulation Interface Tookit,SIT)將之前在MATLAB/Simulink下的數(shù)字仿真模型轉(zhuǎn)化為能夠在Lab VIEW RT下實(shí)時(shí)運(yùn)行的實(shí)時(shí)動力學(xué)仿真模型,并設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的模塊化開發(fā)流程。最后,設(shè)計(jì)了近距離交會實(shí)時(shí)仿真系統(tǒng)整體方案,規(guī)劃出實(shí)時(shí)仿真系統(tǒng)的整體組成以及各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)下的主要功能。針對實(shí)時(shí)仿真模型采用了NI-PXIe系列硬件以及相應(yīng)的Lab VIEW RT下的實(shí)時(shí)仿真模型,并通過設(shè)計(jì)使得其具有良好的擴(kuò)展性;針對分布式實(shí)時(shí)仿系統(tǒng),通過共享內(nèi)存的方式解決了各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)之間的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸問題;最后由Lab VIEW編寫綜合控制系統(tǒng),提供良好的人機(jī)界面,并配合其他實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有設(shè)備進(jìn)行半物理仿真試驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:The technology of rendezvous and docking is called the three basic technologies of manned spaceflight, the technology of rendezvous and docking and the technology of extravehicular activities, which can mainly serve the important supporting parts of long-term manned space flight, the use of large space stations and related supply missions. Therefore, as a complex system, the design of its system has many requirements. How to design the simulation test of rendezvous and docking is of great significance. With the development of space industry, the introduction of real-time simulation technology in the field of space has been applied to a certain extent. On the basis of Lab VIEW programming software, Lab VIEW RT is a kind of real-time operating system which is oriented to real time system and can cooperate with corresponding real time hardware. Compared with other real time systems, Lab VIEW RT is a kind of real time operating system. Its rich hardware and software platform is not available in other real-time systems. Based on XX control and simulation, the dynamic model design, simulation scheme and semi-physical simulation test of space vehicle are studied in this paper. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the relative motion equation, C-W equation, is introduced in the orbit coordinate system, and then the characteristics and properties of the relative motion are analyzed by mathematical modeling. Then, because the attitude motion in the close distance relative motion is also a part that can not be ignored, the relative attitude motion is studied. Finally, the mathematical simulation model under the natural state and affected by the perturbation is compared and analyzed. The effect of perturbation on the relative motion of space vehicle at close range is studied. After that, in the process of close-range rendezvous, the single inertial component navigation or CCD camera navigation have their own advantages and disadvantages, combined with the actual situation can not be a single and effective navigation task. In this paper, combined with the advantages of the two navigation systems, the IMU/CCD integrated navigation system is analyzed and designed to improve the navigation accuracy. Secondly, the simulation Interface TookitSIT-based simulation interface tool kit of NI Company is used to transform the previous digital simulation model under MATLAB/Simulink into a real-time dynamic simulation model which can run in real time under Lab VIEW RT, and the corresponding modularization development flow is designed. Finally, the overall scheme of the real-time simulation system for close-range rendezvous is designed, and the overall composition of the real-time simulation system and the main functions of each subsystem are planned. Aiming at the real-time simulation model, this paper adopts NI-PXIe series hardware and the corresponding real-time simulation model under Lab VIEW RT, and makes it have good expansibility through the design, aiming at the distributed real-time simulation system, The problem of data transmission between subsystems is solved by sharing memory. Finally, the integrated control system is compiled by Lab VIEW, which provides a good man-machine interface, and carries out semi-physical simulation test with other existing equipment in laboratory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V526;V411.8

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本文編號：1832321