本文選題：三棱柱伸展臂　切入點(diǎn)：超彈性鉸鏈　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：可展開機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于宇航空間任務(wù)中。近年來(lái),宇航空間任務(wù)的復(fù)雜化和大規(guī)�；陌l(fā)展趨勢(shì),致使可展開機(jī)構(gòu)朝著更輕質(zhì)量和更低功耗的方向發(fā)展。超彈性鉸鏈集驅(qū)動(dòng)、回轉(zhuǎn)、鎖定功能于一體,用它來(lái)替代傳統(tǒng)機(jī)械式鉸鏈,應(yīng)用于可展開機(jī)構(gòu)中不僅具有無(wú)摩擦、不需附加驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置的特點(diǎn),還能有效降低其質(zhì)量和功耗。同時(shí),超彈性鉸鏈?zhǔn)且环N空間曲面的薄殼結(jié)構(gòu),它的大撓度折展過(guò)程具有高度非線性的特點(diǎn)。一些尚未被解決的共性問(wèn)題,例如準(zhǔn)確描述其折展過(guò)程的彈性應(yīng)變能建模方法,綜合計(jì)及大撓度折展、非線性屈曲、大角度過(guò)沖現(xiàn)象的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化技術(shù)等,仍然制約著超彈性鉸鏈的宇航空間應(yīng)用。本文首先基于凱拉迪恩(Calladine)殼體理論和馮卡門(von Karman)薄板大撓度理論,同時(shí)考慮了橫向彎曲、縱向彎曲和縱向拉伸的影響,建立了單帶簧超彈性鉸鏈純彎曲載荷作用時(shí)彈性應(yīng)變能數(shù)學(xué)模型�；谧钚�(shì)能原理,利用數(shù)值法求解出單帶簧超彈性鉸鏈正向和反向純彎曲過(guò)程中的峰值力矩和穩(wěn)態(tài)力矩。設(shè)計(jì)和搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)12種不同規(guī)格單帶簧超彈性鉸鏈分別進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)正向和反向彎曲實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證所建立理論模型的準(zhǔn)確性,為后續(xù)研究不同組合形式超彈性鉸鏈大撓度變形時(shí)力矩特性和三棱柱伸展臂的設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ)。針對(duì)不同組合形式超彈性鉸鏈展開狀態(tài)的穩(wěn)定性的問(wèn)題,分別基于歐拉梁屈曲理論和鐵木辛柯理論,建立對(duì)向和背向多層超彈性鉸鏈的折疊峰值力矩模型。搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),對(duì)12種不同規(guī)格對(duì)向和背向的單層、雙層超彈性鉸鏈分別進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證所建立折疊屈曲力矩理論模型的正確性。鑒于超彈性鉸鏈折展時(shí)存在應(yīng)力集中影響使用次數(shù),以及驅(qū)動(dòng)能力是否滿足需求的問(wèn)題,基于多項(xiàng)式響應(yīng)面法,建立整體式雙縫超彈性鉸鏈準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)展開的最大應(yīng)力、展開峰值力矩和穩(wěn)態(tài)力矩的數(shù)學(xué)代理模型,對(duì)縫體幾何參數(shù)影響進(jìn)行研究,利用改進(jìn)的非支配遺傳算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)。建立對(duì)向雙層超彈性鉸鏈準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)展開力學(xué)特性參數(shù)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)力學(xué)特性多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)得到鉸鏈最優(yōu)的橫截面幾何尺寸,并研究橫截面幾何參數(shù)的影響。針對(duì)超彈性鉸鏈展開沖擊現(xiàn)象,搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)進(jìn)行展開動(dòng)力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)動(dòng)力學(xué)展開的有限元模型進(jìn)行修正。在準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)折展優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)上,以過(guò)沖角度最小和完全鎖定時(shí)間最短為目標(biāo),以最大應(yīng)力為約束,設(shè)置位于彎曲外側(cè)的內(nèi)層和外層帶簧厚度為自變量,利用修正了的有限元模型進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)展開特性優(yōu)化。研究結(jié)果對(duì)解決三棱柱伸展臂低沖擊和快速鎖定等設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題具有重要意義。設(shè)計(jì)一種10單元含對(duì)向雙層超彈性鉸鏈的三棱柱伸展臂結(jié)構(gòu),通過(guò)靜力學(xué)分析建立其展開狀態(tài)彎曲剛度和壓縮剛度模型。利用有限元仿真法對(duì)10單元含對(duì)向超彈性鉸鏈的三棱柱伸展臂進(jìn)行展開基頻和模態(tài)預(yù)測(cè),并進(jìn)行參數(shù)靈敏度分析。研制出2單元含對(duì)向雙層超彈性鉸鏈的三棱柱伸展臂,采用彈性繩吊掛和球軸承支撐補(bǔ)償重力的方法,對(duì)2單元三棱柱伸展臂的展開重復(fù)性進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。采用錘擊法測(cè)量了2單元三棱柱伸展臂懸掛和懸臂狀態(tài)的基頻和模態(tài),利用10單元三棱柱伸展臂模態(tài)分析的有限元建模方法對(duì)2單元伸展臂懸臂狀態(tài)進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,前五階振型完全一致,前五階基頻的仿真值與實(shí)驗(yàn)值誤差不大于5.501%,從而驗(yàn)證了10單元三棱柱伸展臂仿真的準(zhǔn)確性,為含超彈性鉸鏈的三棱柱伸展臂方案設(shè)計(jì)提供分析依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Deployable mechanism has been widely used in space missions. In recent years, complicated and large-scale development trend of space missions, which can be the opening mechanism towards light quality and lower power consumption direction. The super elastic hinge in rotary drive, locking functions, use it to replace the traditional mechanical hinge mechanism not only has no friction applied to spread, does not need additional driving device characteristics, can effectively reduce the quality and power consumption. At the same time, the super elastic hinge is a shell structure of space surface, characteristics of large deflection of its unfolding process is highly nonlinear. Some common problems have not been solved for example, an accurate description of the unfolding process of elastic strain energy modeling method, comprehensive and large deflection unfolding, nonlinear buckling, large angle overshoot of multi-objective optimization technique, still about super elastic hinge Space application chain. Based on the Kara Dean (Calladine) and Pangkamen (von Karman shell theory) theory of large deflection of thin plate, considering the effects of transverse bending, longitudinal bending and longitudinal tension, a single band spring super elastic hinge pure bending with elastic strain energy mathematical model based on the principle of minimum energy. By using the numerical method, the peak torque and the steady-state torque of a single band spring super elastic hinge forward and reverse bending process. The design and build the experiment platform, 12 kinds of different specifications of the single band spring super elastic hinge were quasi static forward and reverse bending experiments, verifying the accuracy of the model, to lay the foundation for design of deformation follow-up study different combinations of super elastic hinge torque and large deflection when the triangular prism mast. According to different combinations of super elastic hinge unfolded state The question of stability, based on Euler buckling theory and Timoshenko beam theory respectively, and to establish the back folding model to the peak torque of multilayer super elastic hinge. The experimental platform is built, on 12 different specifications of and at the back of the monolayer, double super elastic hinge test were carried out to verify the correctness of folding and buckling the moment theory model. In view of the super elastic hinge unfolding when there is stress concentration effect of the frequency of use, and whether the ability to meet the needs of the driver, the polynomial response surface method based on a monolithic double slit maximum stress super elastic hinge quasi-static expansion, the mathematical model the peak torque and steady-state torque, research the geometric parameters on the body, the non dominant genetic algorithm to get the optimal parameter optimization. The establishment of the double super elastic hinge to quasi static mechanical properties of expansion parameter number Model of multi objective optimization design cross sectional geometry hinge optimal quasi static mechanical properties, and to study the influence of geometric parameters on the cross section. The impact phenomenon of the super elastic hinge, build the experimental platform of dynamic experiment, finite element model of dynamics was modified. Based on quasi-static unfolding optimization on the overshoot and the minimum angle locked in the shortest time, the maximum stress as constraint, with spring thickness of inner and outer variables set in lateral bending, dynamic expansion characteristic optimization using the finite element model was modified. The research results have important significance to solve design problems of three prism stretch low arm the impact and fast locking. The design of a 10 unit with stretching arm structure on the three prism to double super elastic hinge, through the static analysis to establish the unfolded state The bending rigidity and compressive stiffness model. Using the finite element simulation method of unit 10 to three super prism containing elastic hinge arms of the fundamental frequency and modal prediction, and parameter sensitivity analysis is developed. The 2 unit containing of three prism to double super elastic hinge arms, support with gravity compensation method elastic rope hanging and ball bearing, on the 2 unit three prism stretching arm expansion repetitive experiments were carried out. By using hammering method measuring 2 prism unit three stretching arm suspension and cantilever frequency and modal, using 10 unit three prism extended finite element modeling method of arm modal analysis of 2 unit mast cantilever modal analysis, the first five modes is completely consistent, the simulation value of the fundamental frequency of the first five order error is less than 5.501% with the experimental data, which verified the accuracy of the 10 unit three prism stretching arm simulation, with super elastic hinge The three prism extension arm design provides the basis for analysis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：V414

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