本文關(guān)鍵詞： 金剛石滾輪 機械加工 電鍍 脈沖　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：航空發(fā)動機是衡量一個國家動力研發(fā)、制造水平的關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域,是大國實力的重要標(biāo)志。航空發(fā)動機的葉片主要有風(fēng)扇葉片、壓氣機葉片、渦輪葉片三大部分。其中渦輪葉片處于溫度高,應(yīng)力復(fù)雜,環(huán)境惡劣的部位。它的需求數(shù)量多,形狀復(fù)雜,精度要求極高。金剛石滾輪是加工航空發(fā)動機葉片不可或缺的工具,本文根據(jù)工廠的生產(chǎn)能力,制定了金剛石滾輪的機械加工工藝路線,細(xì)化了每一道工序的制造標(biāo)準(zhǔn),優(yōu)化了電鍍工藝參數(shù),并為加工過程中的瓶頸問題提出解決方案。通過機械加工試驗,從加工原料選擇、加工路線優(yōu)化、檢驗方法等方面,制定樣板刀、陰模、芯軸等組件的設(shè)計要點及工藝加工路線,形成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件。通過電鍍對比實驗,優(yōu)化了槽液成分,研究了最佳電鍍參數(shù):當(dāng)氯化鈉含量為15g/L,硫酸鎳含量為250g/L時,鍍層組織均勻致密,鍍層的應(yīng)力值最小;添加劑可以提高了鍍層的整體硬度,降低鍍層應(yīng)力,當(dāng)1,4—丁炔二醇含量為0.02g/L,糖精含量為0.08g/L時鍍層的應(yīng)力值最小。相比直流電鍍,脈沖電鍍鍍層晶粒尺寸細(xì)小,組織均勻,應(yīng)力值低、硬度高;當(dāng)脈沖占空比為60%,脈沖頻率為900Hz,電流密度在2.5A/dm2時獲得最佳的鍍層性能。實驗還發(fā)現(xiàn)鍍層的應(yīng)力在一定范圍內(nèi)隨著占空比、頻率、電流密度的增大而減小。通過采用刀具測量儀對金剛石滾輪型面的精度進行檢測,這種測量儀的主要特點是高精度非接觸式測量,針對不同的金剛石滾輪結(jié)構(gòu)特點,設(shè)計轉(zhuǎn)換軸,來固定安裝金剛石滾輪�；緦崿F(xiàn)了對金剛石滾輪型面尺寸的檢驗過程。通過將傳統(tǒng)的陽極懸掛方式改變成內(nèi)腔柱狀陽極,并調(diào)整槽液成分,解決了金剛石滾輪電鍍過程中存在的易產(chǎn)生多余鎳瘤這一“瓶頸”問題,節(jié)約了生產(chǎn)成本,提高了金剛石滾輪的加工效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Aeroengine is a key area to measure the level of power R & D and manufacturing in a country and an important symbol of great power. The blades of aeroengine are mainly fan blades and compressor blades. There are three parts of turbine blades. Among them, turbine blades are located in parts with high temperature, complex stress and bad environment. They have many demands, complex shapes and high precision. Diamond rollers are indispensable tools for processing aero-engine blades. In this paper, according to the production capacity of the factory, the machining process route of diamond roller is worked out, the manufacturing standard of each working procedure is refined, and the electroplating process parameters are optimized. And put forward the solution to the bottleneck problem in the process of machining. Through the mechanical processing test, from the aspects of material selection, process route optimization, inspection method and so on, we make the template knife, die, etc. The key points of design and process of core shaft and other components are designed and processed to form a standardized document. The composition of bath solution is optimized by electroplating contrast experiment, and the optimum electroplating parameters are studied: when the content of sodium chloride is 15g / L, the content of nickel sulfate is 250g / L, The structure of the coating is uniform and compact, and the stress value of the coating is the smallest. The additive can increase the overall hardness of the coating and reduce the stress of the coating. When the content of 1-butynediol is 0.02g / L and the saccharin content is 0.08g / L, the stress value of the coating is the least. Pulse electroplating coating has fine grain size, uniform structure, low stress value and high hardness. When the pulse duty cycle is 60, the pulse frequency is 900Hz, and the current density is 2.5 A / dm2, the optimum coating performance is obtained. With the increase of current density, the accuracy of diamond roller surface is measured by tool measuring instrument. The main characteristic of this instrument is high precision non-contact measurement, aiming at different diamond roller structure characteristics. The transfer shaft is designed to fix and install diamond rollers. The inspection process of diamond roller surface size is basically realized. By changing the traditional anode suspension mode to inner cavity cylindrical anode, and adjusting the liquid composition of the tank, The problem of "bottleneck" in the electroplating process of diamond rollers is solved, and the production cost is saved and the processing efficiency and product quality of diamond rollers are improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V263

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