【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)子的動平衡是保證旋轉(zhuǎn)機械正常運行所必須的工藝過程。轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的平衡方法,基本屬于穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡方法,大多是借助某些特定的平衡識別設(shè)備在某幾個特定轉(zhuǎn)速下進行平衡的。這類穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡方法不僅費時,而且還不便于現(xiàn)場平衡。為此,研究一種適用于實際發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng),能準確和高效地識別高速轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡響應(yīng)的瞬態(tài)平衡方法是十分重要的。本文利用高速轉(zhuǎn)子加速起動過程中的振幅響應(yīng)信息,進行瞬態(tài)動平衡方法研究。圍繞這一核心內(nèi)容,提出了高速轉(zhuǎn)子多階多平面瞬態(tài)動平衡方法,建立了變速轉(zhuǎn)子瞬態(tài)不平衡響應(yīng)的高精度仿真算法,通過建立的動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子模型分別開展動平衡方法仿真研究及其穩(wěn)定性和適用性分析。此外,以設(shè)計的高速轉(zhuǎn)子起車試驗對提出的動平衡方法的有效性和適用性進行驗證。論文的主要工作包括:1.高速轉(zhuǎn)子多階、多平面瞬時動平衡方法將不平衡方位角識別和測點模態(tài)比系數(shù)應(yīng)用于高速轉(zhuǎn)子多階多平衡面動平衡。利用4次加試重加速起車的不平衡振動響應(yīng)信息,將不平衡試重按照各階模態(tài)共振區(qū)進行分解,在多個平衡校面上同時加不平衡試重,從而完成前三階模態(tài)的不平衡校正的瞬態(tài)動平衡方法。通過柔性轉(zhuǎn)子和實際動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的模擬仿真對提出的平衡方案進行了驗證,確立了所建立的瞬時動平衡方法的可行性。2.變速轉(zhuǎn)子瞬時響應(yīng)的精細積分算法以典型的多盤柔性轉(zhuǎn)子模型為例,推導并建立了基于Magnus級數(shù)展開式、適用于變速轉(zhuǎn)子時變運動微分運動方程求解的精細積分法。對所建立的算法開展計算穩(wěn)定性、積分精度以及計算效率等方面的研究,并與Newmark-β法的結(jié)果進行對比分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以所提出的算法深入分析了柔性轉(zhuǎn)子結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)瞬態(tài)不平衡響應(yīng)的內(nèi)在機理,比較了不同算法對不平衡量的識別精度,確定了變速轉(zhuǎn)子精細積分法在瞬時不平衡響應(yīng)識別上的適用性。3.渦軸發(fā)動機動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)分析將渦軸發(fā)動機動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)簡化為轉(zhuǎn)子—軸承系統(tǒng),提出合理的簡化理論和建模準則,分別用傳遞矩陣法和有限元法建立適用于瞬時不平衡響應(yīng)分析的運動微分方程。分析了不同算法得到瞬態(tài)響應(yīng)結(jié)果的差異性,在大型旋轉(zhuǎn)機械分析軟件Samcef/Rotor中建立渦軸發(fā)動機動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)二維多諧波軸對稱模型,利用前三階臨界轉(zhuǎn)速和振型驗證了動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子模型的準確性。在此基礎(chǔ)上分別計算了升速過程中瞬時不平衡響應(yīng)和突加不平衡響應(yīng),總結(jié)動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)瞬時不平衡響應(yīng)機理。為復雜柔性轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的不平衡識別奠定了基礎(chǔ)。4.渦軸發(fā)動機動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子基于起動響應(yīng)信息的瞬態(tài)動平衡依照所提出的平衡方案,結(jié)合動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子本身的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,研究了不同平衡面在相同條件下動平衡效果。通過研究具有多個分布不平衡質(zhì)量作用下,不同平衡面組合對平衡效果的影響,確定了前兩階模態(tài)平衡的校正面選取。5.動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)瞬態(tài)動平衡方法穩(wěn)定性和適應(yīng)性研究研究了動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)起動過程中受到轉(zhuǎn)速變化、噪聲影響和支承非線性等影響因素作用時,對瞬時動平衡方法的平衡精度和平衡效果所產(chǎn)生的影響�？偨Y(jié)歸納本文提出的瞬時動平衡方法在高速轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)中的適用效果。6.動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)瞬態(tài)動平衡試驗研究設(shè)計了高速旋轉(zhuǎn)器不平衡響應(yīng)試驗的試驗方案,測量得到了動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)基于起動過程的不平衡振動信號。利用跟蹤濾波對所采集的非平穩(wěn)信號進行平滑處理,對比分析了濾波前后響應(yīng)識別效果。最后利用本文提出的動平衡方法求得動力渦輪轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的不平衡識別結(jié)果,初步驗證所提出的動平衡方法在復雜轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)中的適用性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The dynamic balance of rotor is a necessary technological process to ensure the normal operation of rotating machinery.The balancing method of rotor system is basically a steady-state balancing method.Most of the balancing methods are carried out by means of certain balancing identification equipment at certain rotating speeds.This kind of steady-state balancing method is not only time-consuming but also inconvenient for on-site balancing. Therefore, it is very important to study a transient balancing method which is suitable for practical engine rotor system and can accurately and efficiently identify the unbalanced response of high speed rotor. A high-precision simulation algorithm for transient unbalance response of a variable speed rotor is established. The dynamic balancing method is simulated and its stability and applicability are analyzed by the dynamic turbine rotor model. In addition, the validity of the proposed dynamic balancing method is verified by the high-speed rotor start-up test. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. High speed rotor multi-stage, multi-plane instantaneous dynamic balancing method is used to identify the unbalanced azimuth angle and measure point modal ratio coefficient in multi-stage dynamic balancing of high speed rotor. The resonance region is decomposed and the unbalanced test weights are added simultaneously on several balance surfaces to complete the transient dynamic balance method for the first three-order mode unbalance correction. 2. The precise integration algorithm for instantaneous response of variable speed rotor takes the typical multi-disk flexible rotor model as an example, deduces and establishes a precise integration method based on Magnus series expansion, which is suitable for solving differential equations of motion of variable speed rotor in time-varying motion. On this basis, the inherent mechanism of transient unbalance response of flexible rotor structure parameters is deeply analyzed by the proposed algorithm, and the identification accuracy of different algorithms for unbalance is compared, and the appropriateness of variable speed rotor precise integration method for transient unbalance response identification is determined. 3. Turbo-shaft engine power turbine rotor transient response analysis simplifies the turbo-shaft engine power turbine rotor system into rotor-bearing system, puts forward reasonable simplified theory and modeling criteria, establishes the differential equations of motion suitable for transient unbalanced response analysis by transfer matrix method and finite element method respectively. The two-dimensional multi-harmonic axisymmetric model of turboshaft engine power turbine rotor system is established in Samcef/Rotor software. The accuracy of the dynamic turbine rotor model is verified by the first three-order critical speed and mode shapes. The mechanism of transient unbalance response of power turbine rotor system is summarized based on unbalance response and sudden unbalance response, which lays a foundation for unbalance identification of complex flexible rotor system. The effect of different balancing planes on dynamic balancing under the same conditions is studied. The influence of different combinations of balancing planes on balancing effect is studied under the action of multiple distributed unbalanced masses. The selection of correcting planes for the first two order modal balancing is determined. 5. The stability and adaptability of transient dynamic balancing method for power turbine rotor system are studied. This paper studies the influence of speed variation, noise and support nonlinearity on the balancing accuracy and effect of the instantaneous dynamic balancing method in the starting process of a power turbine rotor system. The unbalanced vibration signals of the power turbine rotor system based on the starting process are measured. The non-stationary signals collected are smoothed by tracking filter, and the identification results before and after filtering are compared and analyzed. Then the unbalance identification results of the power turbine rotor system are obtained by using the dynamic balance method proposed in this paper, and the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed dynamic balance method in complex rotor system are preliminarily verified.
【學位授予單位】：西北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TK401

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張鵬鷹,陳兵,曹躍云,楊自春;模擬轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡響應(yīng)數(shù)值分析及實驗研究[J];海軍工程大學學報;2000年02期

2 郝建山;韓磊;張智偉;韓清凱;聞邦椿;;分布多質(zhì)量轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的不平衡響應(yīng)特征[J];機械設(shè)計與制造;2006年07期

3 陳紹汀;對《不平衡響應(yīng)與共振轉(zhuǎn)速區(qū)》一文的幾點意見[J];西安交通大學學報;1979年03期

4 匡震邦;;不平衡響應(yīng)與共振轉(zhuǎn)速區(qū)[J];西安交通大學學報;1979年02期

5 朱梓根;;轉(zhuǎn)子—支承系統(tǒng)的不平衡響應(yīng)和穩(wěn)定性[J];機械強度;1983年02期

6 任平珍;;轉(zhuǎn)子一支承系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)態(tài)不平衡響應(yīng)實驗研究[J];振動.測試與診斷;1987年01期

7 任平珍;多跨轉(zhuǎn)子穩(wěn)態(tài)不平衡響應(yīng)研究[J];航空動力學報;1988年03期

8 高建民;朱曉梅;;轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)不平衡響應(yīng)的靈敏度和估算方法[J];振動工程學報;1991年03期

9 姚學詩,周傳榮;基于預(yù)應(yīng)力法的轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡響應(yīng)研究[J];振動與沖擊;2005年02期

10 范雷雷 ,楊建剛;異常情況下轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的不平衡響應(yīng)特性[J];風機技術(shù);2005年04期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 彭剛;史俊;唐振寰;宋迎東;;某小型高速轉(zhuǎn)子臨界轉(zhuǎn)速及不平衡響應(yīng)計算研究[A];中國航空學會第七屆動力年會論文摘要集[C];2010年

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 雷文平;高速轉(zhuǎn)子故障物理特性及全矢動平衡技術(shù)研究[D];鄭州大學;2016年

2 岳聰;高速轉(zhuǎn)子多階多平面瞬態(tài)動平衡方法研究[D];西北工業(yè)大學;2015年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前5條

1 占成偉;雙轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)設(shè)計優(yōu)化與不平衡響應(yīng)分析[D];華中科技大學;2014年

2 范雷雷;轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)不平衡響應(yīng)傳遞規(guī)律研究[D];東南大學;2005年

3 石帥鋒;非線性軸承—轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的不平衡響應(yīng)特性研究[D];鄭州大學;2014年

4 葉冬;高速柔性轉(zhuǎn)子突加大不平衡響應(yīng)研究[D];浙江大學;2014年

5 孫紅巖;利用有限元進行轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的動力學分析[D];西安建筑科技大學;2008年

，

本文編號：2211035