【摘要】：彩鋼棚因其材質(zhì)的特殊性,已成為城市快速建設(shè)、發(fā)展的標(biāo)志之一,廣泛分布于工業(yè)園區(qū)、新技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)、城中村、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部、城市邊緣等城市地塊。彩鋼棚在促進(jìn)城市發(fā)展的同時(shí),數(shù)量巨大的臨時(shí)性彩鋼棚聚集區(qū)已成為典型的城市脆弱區(qū),成為火災(zāi)、違章建筑和環(huán)境污染監(jiān)測(cè)的重點(diǎn)。高分辨率遙感影像具有高的空間分辨率,能夠有效地獲取地面的彩鋼棚信息。但是文獻(xiàn)分析表明,尚未有關(guān)彩鋼棚遙感提取的報(bào)道。國(guó)產(chǎn)高分系列影像具有精度、時(shí)間和成本方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此,本文以國(guó)產(chǎn)高分系列影像為數(shù)據(jù)源,在研究彩鋼棚信息提取的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了彩鋼棚的空間分布特征,并嘗試分析了其與城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系。論文主要研究成果如下:(1)提出了面向?qū)ο蟮牟输撆镒R(shí)別與提取模型。彩鋼棚大小差異懸殊,確立較優(yōu)的影像分割尺度是較小初始分割尺度與較大分塊合并尺度的組合。并規(guī)定,當(dāng)影像分割后被正確分割的最大彩鋼棚與最小彩鋼棚面積比達(dá)到最大時(shí)的分割尺度為最優(yōu)分割尺度。目標(biāo)特征提取是影像分割后的重要步驟,本文挖掘了彩鋼棚的色彩、光譜、空間等特征,并基于知識(shí)規(guī)則的決策樹(shù)模型提取了GF-1影像中的彩鋼棚信息。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,此方法有較高的彩鋼棚識(shí)別率。(2)研究了彩鋼棚空間分布特征。論文以蘭州市安寧區(qū)彩鋼棚為目標(biāo),采用平均最近鄰方法,分析研究了小型、大型彩鋼棚在空間中的聚集性分布特征,結(jié)果表明小型彩鋼棚的聚集性特征更為明顯;采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差橢圓方法,分析研究了彩鋼棚的分布方向,結(jié)果顯示安寧區(qū)彩鋼棚呈東南—西北軸向擴(kuò)散,其中,大型彩鋼棚的擴(kuò)散趨勢(shì)更加顯著;采用核密度方法,分析了彩鋼棚在不同區(qū)域的分布密度,結(jié)果表明小型彩鋼棚集中分布于城市次中心區(qū)域,而大型彩鋼棚聚集于城市次邊緣區(qū)域,且在城市邊緣地帶,兩類彩鋼棚都有沿道路兩側(cè)分布的趨勢(shì);(3)研究了彩鋼棚空間特征與城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系。通過(guò)相關(guān)性計(jì)算,表明安寧區(qū)各行政街道小型彩鋼棚總面積與農(nóng)業(yè)人口數(shù)量存在中度正相關(guān)關(guān)系,大型彩鋼棚總面積與規(guī)模以上企業(yè)數(shù)量和產(chǎn)值分別呈高度正相關(guān)和中度正相關(guān);采用半變異函數(shù)分析彩鋼棚的空間自相關(guān)特征,結(jié)果從側(cè)面反映出安寧區(qū)是沿長(zhǎng)軸方向漸進(jìn)式的擴(kuò)展模式;采用Voronoi圖構(gòu)建、分析彩鋼棚點(diǎn)集邊界和分散特性,結(jié)果表明彩鋼棚點(diǎn)集邊界與安寧區(qū)建成區(qū)邊界有一定程度的吻合性。
[Abstract]:Because of the particularity of its material, the colored steel shed has become one of the signs of rapid urban construction and development. It is widely distributed in industrial parks, new technology development zones, in-city villages, urban and rural areas, urban fringe and other urban land blocks. At the same time of promoting the development of the city, a large number of temporary colored steel sheds have become a typical fragile area of the city, and become the focus of fire, illegal building and environmental pollution monitoring. High-resolution remote sensing images have high spatial resolution and can effectively obtain the information of colored steel shed on the ground. However, literature analysis shows that there is no report on remote sensing extraction of colored steel shed. Domestic high score series images have the advantages of accuracy, time and cost. Therefore, based on the data source of domestic high score series images, the spatial distribution characteristics of colored steel shed are studied on the basis of information extraction, and the relationship between color steel shed and urban spatial structure is analyzed. The main research results are as follows: (1) an object-oriented identification and extraction model for colored steel shed is proposed. The difference in the size of color steel shed makes the better image segmentation scale a combination of smaller initial segmentation scale and larger block merging scale. It is also stipulated that the optimal segmentation scale is when the ratio of the maximum color steel shed area to the minimum color steel shed area is the maximum after the image is segmented. Target feature extraction is an important step after image segmentation. In this paper, color, spectrum and space features of colored steel shed are excavated, and decision tree model based on knowledge rules is used to extract color steel shed information from GF-1 image. The experimental results show that this method has a high recognition rate of colored steel shed. (2) the spatial distribution characteristics of colored steel shed are studied. Taking the colored steel shed in Anning district of Lanzhou as the target, this paper analyzes and studies the characteristics of the aggregation of the small and large colored steel sheds in space by using the average nearest neighbor method. The results show that the aggregation characteristics of the small colored steel sheds are more obvious. By using standard deviation ellipse method, the distribution direction of colored steel shed is analyzed and studied. The results show that the color steel shed in Anning district is diffused in southeast to northwest direction, in which the diffusion trend of large colored steel shed is more obvious, and the nuclear density method is used. The distribution density of the colored steel shed in different regions is analyzed. The results show that the small colored steel shed is concentrated in the sub-central area of the city, while the large colored steel shed is concentrated in the sub-marginal area of the city and is located in the urban fringe zone. The two kinds of colored steel sheds are distributed along both sides of the road. (3) the relationship between the spatial characteristics of the colored steel sheds and the urban spatial structure is studied. Through correlation calculation, it is shown that there is a moderate positive correlation between the total area of the small colored steel shed in the administrative streets of Anning District and the number of agricultural population. The total area of large colored steel shed is highly positively correlated with the number and output value of the enterprises above the scale, and the spatial autocorrelation characteristics of the colored steel shed are analyzed by semi-variance function. Results the results show that the Anning area is a gradual expansion model along the long axis, and the Voronoi diagram is used to construct the boundary and dispersion of the point set of the colored steel shed. The results show that the boundary of the point set of colored steel shed is consistent with the boundary of the built area in Anning area to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P237

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 施文灶;毛政元;;基于圖割與陰影鄰接關(guān)系的高分辨率遙感影像建筑物提取方法[J];電子學(xué)報(bào);2016年12期

2 付乾坤;吳波;汪小欽;孫振海;;基于形態(tài)學(xué)建筑物指數(shù)的城市建筑物提取及其高度估算[J];遙感技術(shù)與應(yīng)用;2015年01期

3 王法輝;劉瑜;王姣娥;;交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)與城市結(jié)構(gòu)研究——理論框架與中美兩國(guó)實(shí)證案例[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2014年10期

4 孫平軍;宋偉;修春亮;;沈陽(yáng)市部門(mén)企業(yè)地理集聚與城市結(jié)構(gòu)[J];地理研究;2014年10期

5 張小虎;張s，

本文編號(hào)：2248766