本文選題：洪湖濕地 + 水生植物　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：濕地是全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,在許多方面具有重要的作用。濕地水生植物作為濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,在維持濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康性和穩(wěn)定性上有不可替代的作用。研究濕地水生植物分布結(jié)構(gòu)及復(fù)雜度,對其進(jìn)行定量化分析,可以有效地檢測湖泊水生植物的動態(tài)變化,反映出湖泊生態(tài)的健康程度,以為湖泊濕地的植被保護(hù)和修復(fù)提供參考依據(jù)。洪湖是江漢平原湖泊群的典型代表,研究洪湖的水生植被分布具有重要的參考意義。 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容和得到的結(jié)論主要包括以下幾個方面： (一)本文結(jié)合理論和實踐,選取了圈層數(shù)、種類數(shù)、斑塊總數(shù)、形狀指數(shù)之和、湖泊岸線的曲折度這5個指標(biāo),運用連積法和歸—化的方法,建立了濕地水生植物分布復(fù)雜度模型,并分析了該模型的適用范圍、精度、優(yōu)缺點及今后需要改進(jìn)的地方。 (二)運用ARCGIS等GIS軟件,做出了洪湖1982年和2008年的水生植被水平,并結(jié)合DEM數(shù)據(jù),利用ARCGIS中的3D分析功能得到了洪湖濕地的幾條縱剖面圖,根據(jù)這些縱剖面線,利用畫圖工具Adobe Photoshop CS5,繪制出了這幾條縱剖面的示意圖,并將水生植物的分布情況加入圖中,最終繪制出了洪湖水生植物的垂直結(jié)構(gòu)分布示意圖。針對洪湖濕地水生植物的水平和垂直分布圖,從多個角度分析了洪湖1982年和2008年的水生植被的分布特點和規(guī)律。 (三)結(jié)合洪湖濕地水生植物的水平和垂直分布圖,將本文已經(jīng)建立好的模型應(yīng)用到洪湖濕地的實際研究中,從斑塊形狀、圈層結(jié)構(gòu)、植被種類、優(yōu)勢種、垂直分層等方面分析了洪湖1982年和2008年的水生植被的分布的變化情況。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：和1982年比,2008年洪湖水生植物分布復(fù)雜度數(shù)值由4.4994降低到4.4770,說明洪湖濕地2008年比1982年的水生植物分布復(fù)雜度降低了,稍趨于簡單化了,但變化不劇烈。得出結(jié)論：洪湖濕地水生植被總體恢復(fù)到1982年的水平,但在分布形態(tài)和群落結(jié)構(gòu)和層次上發(fā)生了一些變化。分析其變化的原因,指出跟人類活動的干擾密不可分,尤其是這六十年來,人類對洪湖開發(fā)利用的三個不同的歷史階段的干擾程度和方式對洪湖的水生植物分布有著極其重要的影響。結(jié)合上述結(jié)論,針對存在的問題,提出了關(guān)于洪湖濕地水生植物恢復(fù)和保護(hù)的可行性措施,給管理者提供了一些建議。
[Abstract]:Wetland is an important part of global ecosystem and plays an important role in many aspects. As an important part of wetland ecosystem, aquatic plants play an irreplaceable role in maintaining the health and stability of wetland ecosystem. The study on the distribution structure and complexity of aquatic plants in wetlands can effectively detect the dynamic changes of aquatic plants in lakes and reflect the ecological health of lakes. It provides reference for vegetation protection and restoration of lake wetland. Honghu Lake is a typical representative of lake group in Jianghan Plain. It is of great significance to study the distribution of aquatic vegetation in Honghu Lake. The main contents and conclusions of this paper mainly include the following aspects: (1) combined with theory and practice, this paper selects the number of circles, the number of species, the total number of patches, the sum of shape index. By using the method of accumulation and normalization, the distributional complexity model of wetland aquatic plants is established. The application range, accuracy, advantages and disadvantages of the model are analyzed, as well as the areas that need to be improved in the future. (2) using GIS software, such as ARCGIS, the level of aquatic vegetation in Honghu in 1982 and 2008 has been made. Combined with Dem data, several vertical profiles of Honghu wetland have been obtained by using 3D analysis function of ARCGIS, according to these vertical profile lines, Using the drawing tool Adobe Photoshop CS5, the schematic diagrams of these vertical sections are drawn, and the distribution of aquatic plants is added to the diagram. Finally, the vertical structure distribution of aquatic plants in Honghu Lake is drawn. Based on the horizontal and vertical distribution maps of aquatic plants in Honghu wetland, the distribution characteristics and laws of aquatic vegetation in Honghu Lake in 1982 and 2008 were analyzed from several angles. (3) combining the horizontal and vertical distribution map of aquatic plants in Honghu wetland, the model that has been established in this paper has been applied to the actual study of Honghu wetland, from patch shape, circle structure, vegetation species, dominant species, The distribution of aquatic vegetation in Honghu Lake in 1982 and 2008 was analyzed in terms of vertical stratification. It is found that compared with 1982, the distribution complexity of aquatic plants in Honghu Lake decreased from 4.4994 to 4.4770 in 2008, indicating that the complexity of distribution of aquatic plants in Honghu wetland in 2008 was lower than that in 1982, and tended to be simplified, but the change was not drastic. It is concluded that the aquatic vegetation in Honghu wetland has recovered to the level of 1982, but some changes have taken place in distribution form, community structure and level. By analyzing the reasons for its change, it is pointed out that it is inextricably linked to the interference of human activities, especially in the past 60 years. The degree and manner of human disturbance to the three historical stages of the development and utilization of Honghu Lake have an extremely important influence on the distribution of aquatic plants in Honghu Lake. According to the above conclusions, the feasible measures for the restoration and protection of aquatic plants in Honghu wetland were put forward, and some suggestions were given to the managers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208;X173

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號：2031421