本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境敏感性 3S技術(shù) 人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 層次分析法 黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：世界遺產(chǎn)地是全人類共同擁有的寶貴財富，然而隨著旅游業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，過度的城市化建設(shè)和商業(yè)開發(fā)，不少世界遺產(chǎn)地及其周邊的生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境遭到了嚴重的破壞。黃山作為我國十大風(fēng)景名勝之一，同所有世界遺產(chǎn)地一樣，也陷入發(fā)展與保護的矛盾之中。生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境是風(fēng)景區(qū)存在的基本條件，其敏感性能很好的反映生態(tài)失衡與生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題產(chǎn)生的可能性大小及產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問題的影響程度。以“3S”（RS、GIS、GPS）技術(shù)為核心的空間信息技術(shù)，可以對生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境敏感性分析所需的多源數(shù)據(jù)進行有效的采集、存儲管理和綜合地空間分析處理，已成為當前資源環(huán)境調(diào)查和分析的主要技術(shù)手段。 本文在中國科學(xué)院數(shù)字地球重點實驗室開放基金資助下，，從自然和人文兩個方面建立了一套黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境敏感性分析的評價指標體系，在“3S”技術(shù)支持下對相關(guān)評價指標進行了提取和分析。運用基于層次分析法的GIS加權(quán)疊加綜合評價模型和改進型BP人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型對黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境敏感性進行了綜合評價，并通過多期植被覆蓋度的遙感估算對其植被覆蓋動態(tài)變化進行了分析，最后根據(jù)分析結(jié)果提出了針對黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境問題的有效治理和防治措施。本文所取得的主要成果和認識如下： 1、構(gòu)建了包括地質(zhì)環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、水文條件、人類活動、景觀價值6大類影響因子12個二級評價指標的黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)敏感性評價指標體系和分級標準。并在“3S”技術(shù)支持下，對各個指標進行了提取，分析了6大類影響因子的敏感性分布，結(jié)果表明，研究區(qū)各因子的高敏感區(qū)域均較小，絕大部分區(qū)域?qū)儆诘兔舾泻筒幻舾袇^(qū)。 2、采用基于層次分析法的加權(quán)疊加模型和改進型BP人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型兩種方法對黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境的敏感性進行了分析。結(jié)果表明，除極高敏感區(qū)外基本一致。黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境絕大部分區(qū)域?qū)儆诓幻舾泻偷兔舾袇^(qū)域，所占面積比在98%以上，屬于可適當開發(fā)的區(qū)域。極高敏感和高敏感區(qū)所占面積比例不到百分之一，分布在景點集中區(qū)域，屬禁止開發(fā)區(qū)。中度敏感區(qū)域所占比例不到2%，受人類影響明顯，屬限制開發(fā)區(qū)。 3、植被覆蓋變化是區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境變化的重要指示，基于遙感的植被覆蓋度動態(tài)變化研究，能在一定程度反映生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境變化特征。研究表明黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)植被覆蓋總體良好，且有改善趨勢，但局部有退化的區(qū)域。植被退化區(qū)和改善區(qū)在高海拔區(qū)域變化比中低海拔地區(qū)變化頻繁，低海拔地區(qū)又比中海拔地區(qū)變化頻繁，而植被覆蓋度不變區(qū)在中等海拔地區(qū)變化高于高海拔和低海拔區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:The World Heritage site is a valuable wealth shared by all mankind. However, with the rapid development of tourism, excessive urbanization and commercial development. Many World Heritage sites and their surrounding eco-geological environment have been seriously damaged. Huangshan as one of the top ten scenic spots in China is the same as all World Heritage sites. The ecological geological environment is the basic condition of the scenic spot. Its sensitivity can well reflect the possibility of ecological imbalance and eco-geological environmental problems and the impact of environmental problems. GPS technology as the core of spatial information technology can effectively collect, store and manage the multi-source data needed for eco-geological environment sensitivity analysis and comprehensive geospatial analysis and processing. Has become the current resources and environment investigation and analysis of the main technical means. With the aid of the Open Fund of Digital Earth key Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a set of evaluation index system for eco-geological environment sensitivity analysis of Huangshan Scenic spot is established from the aspects of nature and humanity. In "3s." Based on the GIS weighted superposition comprehensive evaluation model and the improved BP artificial neural network model, the eco-geological environment of Huangshan Scenic spot was extracted and analyzed. The sensitivity was evaluated comprehensively. The dynamic change of vegetation cover was analyzed by remote sensing estimation of multi-period vegetation coverage. Finally, according to the analysis results, the paper puts forward the effective control and prevention measures for the eco-geological environment problems in Huangshan Scenic spot. The main achievements and understandings of this paper are as follows: 1. It includes geological environment, ecological environment, geological hazards, hydrological conditions and human activities. The ecological sensitivity evaluation index system and classification standard of Huangshan Scenic spot with 12 secondary evaluation indexes of six kinds of influence factors of landscape value. With the support of "3s" technology, each index was extracted. The sensitivity distribution of six kinds of influencing factors was analyzed. The results showed that the high sensitive areas of each factor in the study area were small, and most of the areas were low sensitive and insensitive. 2. The sensitivity of eco-geological environment of Huangshan scenic spot was analyzed by using the weighted superposition model based on analytic hierarchy process and the improved BP artificial neural network model. Most of the eco-geological environment in Huangshan scenic area belongs to insensitive and low sensitive area, and the area ratio is more than 98%. The proportion of extremely sensitive and highly sensitive areas is less than 1%, distributed in the scenic spots concentration areas, belong to prohibited development zones. The proportion of moderately sensitive areas is less than 2%. Obviously affected by human beings, a restricted development zone. 3. Vegetation cover change is an important indicator of regional ecological environment change. The dynamic change of vegetation coverage based on remote sensing is studied. The study shows that the vegetation cover of Huangshan scenic area is good and has a trend of improvement. However, there are local degraded areas. Vegetation degradation areas and improvement areas change more frequently in high altitude area than in middle and low altitude area, and low altitude area change more frequently than middle altitude area. The change of vegetation coverage in the middle altitude area is higher than that in the high altitude and low altitude area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X141;P208;P228.4;X87

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 吳峰;;黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護對策[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2008年21期

2 王長榮;黃山地質(zhì)探討[J];安徽師大學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);1989年04期

3 周秉根;;黃山第四紀冰緣地貌特征與古環(huán)境分析[J];安徽師大學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);1992年01期

4 張理華;黃山地質(zhì)旅游景觀成因機制研究[J];安徽師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2002年01期

5 周秉根，潘寶林，王心源，張建春;黃山新構(gòu)造運動初探[J];安徽師大學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1995年03期

6 李玲;張振文;;阜新市生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境質(zhì)量模糊綜合評價[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理;2008年02期

7 蔣惠忠,鄒立芝,李緒謙,張潔,趙淑云;四平地區(qū)生態(tài)地質(zhì)環(huán)境的研究[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(地球科學(xué)版);2002年01期

8 徐福留,周加桂,陶澍,蔣宗豪,張崇岱,錢揚萬,戎勵倫;黃山風(fēng)景區(qū)第四紀冰川遺跡的景觀特征與保護措施[J];城市環(huán)境與城市生態(tài);2001年06期

9 黃潤秋;生態(tài)環(huán)境地質(zhì)的基本特點與技術(shù)支撐[J];中國地質(zhì);2001年11期

10 黃培華,Ｒ．Ｆ．Ｄｉｆｆｅｎａｌ，Ｊｒ,楊明欽,Ｐ．Ｅ．Ｈｅｌｌａｎｄ;黃山山地演化與環(huán)境變遷[J];地理科學(xué);1998年05期

本文編號：1470753