發(fā)布時間：2018-04-18 05:25

  本文選題：電磁騷擾 + 異步牽引電機��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國軌道交通事業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,城際鐵路、市域鐵路與城市軌道交通連接的問題逐漸顯現(xiàn),為實現(xiàn)三種牽引網(wǎng)下的跨線運行,采用雙流制列車勢在必行。雙流制列車在不同供電模式下,牽引變流系統(tǒng)對外產(chǎn)生的電磁騷擾特性以及其與地面信號設備的電磁兼容性不容忽視。特別是在交-直-交供電模式下,變流器作為列車最主要電磁干擾源之一,其對牽引電機和列車周圍電磁環(huán)境造成的影響至關重要。本文以雙供電制式城際動車組牽引變流系統(tǒng)作為研究對象,對其電磁兼容性進行了相關研究及其仿真分析,研究內(nèi)容主要包括以下幾個方面。首先,從牽引變流系統(tǒng)結構出發(fā)。詳細闡述了整流器與逆變器的拓撲結構及各自的變流原理,以分析得到的等效開關原理圖為基礎,討論了整流器與逆變器工作過程中的能流傳遞狀態(tài)變化;介紹了中間直流環(huán)節(jié)的組成及功能作用;根據(jù)有限元法和二維瞬態(tài)磁場分析理論,在Maxwell軟件環(huán)境下搭建275kW異步牽引電機有限元仿真模型。其次,從脈寬調(diào)制原理入手,深入研究了正弦脈寬調(diào)制與空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制技術的機理以及各自PWM波的仿真調(diào)制方法。對具有兩重聯(lián)結拓撲結構的整流電路,采用瞬態(tài)直接電流控制,分別在Ansys Simplorer與Matlab Simulink搭建主電路與控制系統(tǒng)模型。在Simplorer環(huán)境下建立SPWM逆變電路和SVPWM逆變電路模型,隨后結合前面Maxwell軟件中的異步電機有限元模型,完成基于兩種PWM(SPWM和SVPWM)控制逆變器與電機的場路耦合聯(lián)合仿真。然后,根據(jù)上述模型得出整流器、逆變器以及牽引電機的仿真結果。對仿真呈現(xiàn)的電壓、電流波形進行時域與頻域分析,討論由PWM供電或共模干擾所帶來的電磁騷擾特性,并根據(jù)有限元電機仿真結果,分析諧波對電機性能造成的影響。此外,本文在上述仿真模型的基礎上,搭建了牽引變流系統(tǒng)整體仿真模型,分別從傳導耦合騷擾和電磁輻射騷擾兩個方面進行相應的電磁兼容分析。最后,通過對某型牽引電機輸入線纜上共模騷擾電流實際測量,討論了由實際逆變器引起的共模騷擾電流特性;同時,測量了逆變器供電下電機周圍空間環(huán)境的磁場場強。將測試所得數(shù)據(jù)與仿真結論作比較,從電磁測量的角度驗證仿真模型的實用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of rail transit in our country, the problem of intercity railway, urban railway and urban rail transit is becoming more and more obvious. In order to realize the cross-line operation of three kinds of traction network, it is imperative to adopt two-stream train.Under different power supply modes, the electromagnetic disturbance characteristics of traction converter system and its electromagnetic compatibility with ground signal equipment can not be ignored.Especially in the AC-DC-AC power supply mode, as one of the most important electromagnetic interference sources, the converter plays an important role in the traction motor and the electromagnetic environment around the train.In this paper, the traction converter system of dual power supply inter-city EMU is taken as the research object, and its electromagnetic compatibility is studied and simulated. The main contents of the research include the following aspects.First of all, from the traction converter system structure.The topology structure of rectifier and inverter and their converter principle are described in detail. Based on the analysis of the equivalent switching principle diagram, the change of energy flow transfer state in the working process of rectifier and inverter is discussed.According to the finite element method and the theory of two-dimensional transient magnetic field analysis, the finite element simulation model of 275kW asynchronous traction motor is built under the environment of Maxwell software.Secondly, starting with the principle of pulse width modulation, the mechanism of sinusoidal pulse width modulation and space vector pulse width modulation and the simulation modulation methods of their respective PWM waves are studied.The rectifier circuit with double connection topology is controlled by transient direct current. The main circuit and control system model are built in Ansys Simplorer and Matlab Simulink respectively.The SPWM inverter circuit and the SVPWM inverter circuit model are established under the Simplorer environment. Then combined with the finite element model of the asynchronous motor in the previous Maxwell software, the field-circuit coupling joint simulation of the inverter and the motor based on the two kinds of PWM(SPWM and SVMPWM control is completed.Then, according to the above model, the simulation results of rectifier, inverter and traction motor are obtained.The voltage and current waveforms presented by the simulation are analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. The electromagnetic disturbance characteristics caused by PWM power supply or common-mode interference are discussed. Based on the simulation results of finite element motor, the influence of harmonics on the performance of the motor is analyzed.In addition, on the basis of the above simulation model, the whole simulation model of traction converter system is built, and the corresponding EMC analysis is carried out from two aspects: conductive coupled disturbance and electromagnetic radiation disturbance.Finally, by measuring the common-mode disturbance current on the input cable of a traction motor, the characteristics of the common-mode disturbance current caused by the actual inverter are discussed, and the magnetic field intensity in the space surrounding the motor is measured.The test data are compared with the simulation results, and the practicability of the simulation model is verified from the point of view of electromagnetic measurement.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U264;TN03

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本文編號：1766993