【摘要】：進(jìn)行全面、準(zhǔn)確和詳細(xì)的電力系統(tǒng)電壓跌落評(píng)估是分析系統(tǒng)電壓跌落發(fā)生情況,制定相應(yīng)的改善與治理方案的前提和依據(jù),也是進(jìn)一步分析電壓跌落對(duì)電網(wǎng)供電可靠性影響的重要基礎(chǔ)。本文以具有任意復(fù)雜拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的電網(wǎng)中各種類型的短路和接地故障導(dǎo)致的電壓跌落問題為主要研究對(duì)象,從所關(guān)注節(jié)點(diǎn)故障電壓的計(jì)算、系統(tǒng)中線路保護(hù)及重合閘裝置動(dòng)作特性對(duì)電壓跌落持續(xù)時(shí)間的影響、以降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)電壓跌落頻次為目標(biāo)的分布式電源優(yōu)化接入方案選擇以及考慮電壓跌落的電網(wǎng)供電可靠性等效分析等方面進(jìn)行了深入研究。 針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)電壓跌落評(píng)估算法中通常僅關(guān)注電壓跌落幅度和電壓跌落發(fā)生的頻次,而忽略電壓跌落另一個(gè)重要參量——電壓跌落持續(xù)時(shí)間的問題,提出了一種考慮線路保護(hù)和重合閘動(dòng)作特性的計(jì)及持續(xù)時(shí)間的電網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓跌落評(píng)估算法。在具有任意復(fù)雜拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的電網(wǎng)中,當(dāng)線路上發(fā)生短路或接地故障時(shí),可給出網(wǎng)絡(luò)中任意所關(guān)注節(jié)點(diǎn)的故障電壓表達(dá)式。通過計(jì)算故障點(diǎn)與其他節(jié)點(diǎn)的互阻抗和故障點(diǎn)的白阻抗可以擴(kuò)展原有節(jié)點(diǎn)阻抗矩陣且計(jì)及故障電阻,以此為基礎(chǔ)可以將任意節(jié)點(diǎn)的故障電壓寫成與故障點(diǎn)位置和故障電阻有關(guān)的函數(shù)。結(jié)合電網(wǎng)中各條線路保護(hù)(過流保護(hù)、距離保護(hù)和差動(dòng)保護(hù)等)的保護(hù)范圍和動(dòng)作時(shí)限,進(jìn)行保護(hù)動(dòng)作線路單端跳閘時(shí)的故障電壓計(jì)算,結(jié)合系統(tǒng)中各種故障發(fā)生的頻率和線路上故障概率的分布情況,進(jìn)行各個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的帶電壓跌落持續(xù)時(shí)間的電壓跌落評(píng)估。提出的帶持續(xù)時(shí)間的評(píng)估算法充分考慮了電壓跌落幅值和持續(xù)時(shí)間兩個(gè)主要參量,評(píng)估結(jié)果更為準(zhǔn)確、全面,實(shí)用性更高。在IEEE-57節(jié)點(diǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)中的仿真驗(yàn)證了該方法的正確性和有效性。 當(dāng)目標(biāo)電網(wǎng)有分布式電源接入需求時(shí),提出了一種基于遺傳算法的分布式電源優(yōu)化接入配置算法。以減少電壓跌落頻次為目標(biāo),基于遺傳算法優(yōu)化配置分布式電源的接入位置,使得電網(wǎng)中所有節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓跌落的總頻次或者某些特定敏感負(fù)荷連接點(diǎn)的電壓跌落總頻次數(shù)量降低。該算法根據(jù)所需接入分布式電源數(shù)量、參數(shù)和原有系統(tǒng)情況,確定合理的接入向量編碼方式,由優(yōu)化目標(biāo)和約束條件建立相應(yīng)的目標(biāo)函數(shù)和懲罰函數(shù),利用遺傳算法的全局尋優(yōu)特性求取針對(duì)電壓跌落問題的分布式電源最優(yōu)接入方案。仿真結(jié)果表明分布式電源的接入能夠在各種故障條件下使各節(jié)點(diǎn)的電壓跌落頻次一定程度上降低,進(jìn)而使得系統(tǒng)總電壓跌落頻次降低。但從優(yōu)化后的節(jié)點(diǎn)接入雖不能保證每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的電壓跌落頻次降低均達(dá)到最低,能實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)總電壓跌落頻次降低幅度最大。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該優(yōu)化接入算法的有效性。 傳統(tǒng)電網(wǎng)可靠性評(píng)估主要反映供電部門為電力客戶提供持續(xù)不間斷電力供應(yīng)的能力,而對(duì)持續(xù)時(shí)間僅幾個(gè)周波或幾秒鐘的電壓跌落造成的供電電壓波動(dòng)對(duì)用戶的影響未加考慮。本文提出了一種電壓跌落情況下判斷負(fù)荷停運(yùn)和基于電壓跌落經(jīng)濟(jì)損失等效停電時(shí)長(zhǎng)的電網(wǎng)供電可靠性等效分析方法。將電壓跌落對(duì)用戶的影響納入到系統(tǒng)供電可靠性等效分析評(píng)估的體系中。首先利用所提出的帶持續(xù)時(shí)間的電壓跌落評(píng)估算法對(duì)目標(biāo)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析,給出各節(jié)點(diǎn)電壓跌落的幅度、持續(xù)時(shí)間和頻次等關(guān)鍵參量。對(duì)用戶負(fù)荷設(shè)備進(jìn)行分類,確定每種負(fù)荷設(shè)備的容量及數(shù)量,根據(jù)負(fù)荷設(shè)備的電壓敏感性程度確定用戶負(fù)荷的加權(quán)因子、容量系數(shù)、數(shù)量系數(shù)和重要程度系數(shù),結(jié)合原始設(shè)備電壓敏感曲線合成用戶和節(jié)點(diǎn)的電壓綜合敏感曲線,進(jìn)而建立用戶和節(jié)點(diǎn)的負(fù)荷停運(yùn)判別概率函數(shù)。利用電壓跌落評(píng)估結(jié)果,判斷負(fù)荷停運(yùn)情況。最后根據(jù)負(fù)荷停運(yùn)經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和用戶單位停電時(shí)間內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失計(jì)算出等效停電時(shí)長(zhǎng),得出考慮電壓跌落影響的電網(wǎng)供電可靠性等效分析指標(biāo)。基于電壓跌落經(jīng)濟(jì)損失等效停電時(shí)長(zhǎng)的供電可靠性評(píng)估是對(duì)現(xiàn)有供電可靠性等效分析體系的重要補(bǔ)充,為電壓敏感用戶提供高品質(zhì)供電服務(wù)打下基礎(chǔ)。在IEEE-14節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)中的仿真結(jié)果表明了該方法的可行性。
[Abstract]:The comprehensive, accurate and detailed voltage drop evaluation of the power system is the premise and basis for analyzing the voltage drop of the system, and also the important foundation for further analyzing the influence of the voltage drop on the power supply reliability of the power grid. In this paper, the voltage drop problem caused by various types of short-circuit and ground faults in a power grid with any complex topological structure is the main research object, and the influence of the operation characteristics of the line protection and the reclosing device on the voltage drop duration is obtained from the calculation of the fault voltage of the node concerned. In order to reduce the network voltage drop frequency, the selection of the distributed power supply optimized access scheme and the equivalent analysis of the power supply reliability of the power grid considering the voltage drop are deeply studied. In the traditional voltage drop evaluation algorithm, only the voltage drop amplitude and the frequency of the voltage drop occur, and the other important parameter _ voltage drop duration of the voltage drop is ignored In this paper, a power grid node voltage drop evaluation method considering the time duration of line protection and reclosure action is proposed. method. In a power grid with any complex topological structure, when a short circuit or a ground fault occurs on the line, the fault voltage expression of any node of interest in the network can be given by calculating the mutual impedance of the fault point and other nodes and the white impedance of the fault point, the original node impedance matrix can be extended and the fault resistance can be taken into account, the fault voltage of any node can be written into a function related to the fault point position and the fault resistance based on the fault voltage, The number. In combination with the protection range and operation time limit of each line protection (overcurrent protection, distance protection and differential protection, etc.) in the power grid, the fault voltage calculation in the single-end tripping of the protective action line shall be carried out, and the frequency of various faults in the system and the distribution of the fault probability on the line shall be combined. The voltage drop evaluation of the voltage drop duration for each node is performed. It is estimated that the evaluation algorithm with time duration takes fully into account the two main parameters of voltage drop amplitude and duration, and the evaluation result is more accurate, comprehensive and practical. High. The simulation in the IEEE-57 node standard test system verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the method This paper presents a genetic algorithm-based distributed power optimization access distribution when the target power grid has a distributed power access requirement. The method is to reduce the voltage drop frequency as the target, and the access position of the distributed power source is optimized based on the genetic algorithm, so that the total frequency of all node voltage drops in the power grid or the total frequency of the voltage drop of some specific sensitive load connection points the method determines a reasonable access vector coding mode according to the quantity, the parameter and the original system condition of the required access distributed power supply, establishes a corresponding target function and a constraint condition by the optimization target and the constraint condition, A penalty function is used to obtain the optimal connection of distributed power supply for voltage drop problem by using the global optimization of genetic algorithm The simulation results show that the access of the distributed power source can lower the voltage drop frequency of each node under various fault conditions, so that the total voltage drop frequency of the system can be reduced. the reduction of the voltage drop frequency of each node can not be ensured from the optimized node access, so that the total voltage drop frequency of the system can be reduced, And the simulation result verifies the optimized access algorithm. Effectiveness. The traditional power grid reliability evaluation mainly reflects the ability of the power supply department to provide continuous uninterrupted power supply for the power customers, and the power supply voltage fluctuation caused by the voltage drop of only a few cycles or a few seconds for the duration of the duration is the shadow of the user In this paper, a voltage drop condition is presented to judge the load outage and the power supply reliability of the power grid based on the equivalent power failure duration of the voltage drop loss. Effect analysis method. The effect of voltage drop on the user is included in the equivalent analysis and evaluation of system power supply reliability In the system of estimation, the target system is analyzed by using the proposed voltage drop evaluation method with time duration, and the amplitude, duration and frequency of voltage drop of each node are given. the user load equipment is classified, the capacity and the quantity of each load device are determined, a weighting factor, a capacity coefficient, a quantity coefficient and a weight of the user load are determined according to the voltage sensitivity degree of the load equipment, to the degree coefficient, the voltage comprehensive sensitivity curve of the user and the node is synthesized in combination with the voltage sensitive curve of the original equipment, so that the load stop judgment of the user and the node is established Don't be a probability function. Use the voltage drop assessment to determine the negative In the end, according to the economic loss of the load and the economic loss in the power cut time of the user, the equivalent power failure duration is calculated, and the power supply reliability of the power grid considering the influence of the voltage drop is obtained. The power supply reliability evaluation based on the equivalent power failure duration of the voltage drop economic loss is an important supplement to the existing power supply reliability equivalent analysis system, and provides high-quality power supply for the voltage-sensitive users. The results of the IEEE-14 node system show that the party
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM714.2

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本文編號(hào)：2485809