【摘要】：表貼式永磁同步電機因其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、功率密度高、效率高以及便于控制等顯著優(yōu)點，被廣泛應(yīng)用于航天、工業(yè)和家用電器等領(lǐng)域。永磁同步電機的無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)能夠降低系統(tǒng)成本，提高系統(tǒng)可靠性，具有重要的研究價值。本文以基于表貼式永磁同步電機的風(fēng)機系統(tǒng)為背景，重點研究了高精度、高可靠性的表貼式永磁同步電機的無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)。此外，為提高風(fēng)機工業(yè)應(yīng)用的可靠性，研究了風(fēng)機系統(tǒng)的短時斷電應(yīng)對策略。 為解決滑模觀測器低速域辨識精度低的問題，研究了一種電流閉環(huán)的無位置傳感器起動方法，對其自穩(wěn)定機理進行了分析，通過對起動過程的建模分析，給出了起動過程的參數(shù)選取規(guī)則。介紹了一種切換策略，實現(xiàn)了位置開環(huán)起動和中高速無位置傳感器矢量控制兩種控制模式的平穩(wěn)切換。 研究了一種改進滑模觀測器實現(xiàn)了中高速范圍內(nèi)，風(fēng)機系統(tǒng)的無位置傳感器可靠、高效驅(qū)動。改進滑模觀測器設(shè)計了具有自適應(yīng)濾波功能的反電動勢觀測器來代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)滑模觀測器中的低通濾波器，實現(xiàn)了電機電流和反電動勢的全階觀測，具有更高的精度和可靠性。采用正交鎖相環(huán)提取轉(zhuǎn)子位置和電機轉(zhuǎn)速信息，對正交鎖相環(huán)的帶寬和主導(dǎo)極點進行了分析，給出了正交鎖相環(huán)的參數(shù)配置規(guī)則，提高了系統(tǒng)的高頻抗干擾能力。 研究了一種適用于風(fēng)機系統(tǒng)的短時斷電應(yīng)對策略。在研究永磁同步電機制動過程和能量流動的基礎(chǔ)上，對三相全橋有源整流電路進行了建模分析，提出了風(fēng)機系統(tǒng)短時斷電過程中電壓電流雙閉環(huán)控制策略。在短時斷電工況下，利用電機和負載側(cè)存儲機械能對直流側(cè)母線電壓進行控制，避免了短時斷電造成的重復(fù)起動及安全隱患，，提高了系統(tǒng)工業(yè)應(yīng)用的可靠性。 最后，在500W風(fēng)機平臺上對基于改進滑模觀測器的無位置傳感器矢量控制、風(fēng)機短時斷電應(yīng)對策略及起動策略進行了仿真和實驗驗證。實驗結(jié)果證明了本文理論分析的準確性和提出算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Table-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been widely used in aerospace, industry and household appliances because of its simple structure, high power density, high efficiency and easy control. The sensorless control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can reduce the cost of the system and improve the reliability of the system, which is of great research value. Based on the fan system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the position sensorless control technology of PMSM with high precision and reliability is studied in this paper. In addition, in order to improve the reliability of fan industrial application, the short-term power outage strategy of fan system is studied. In order to solve the problem of low speed domain identification accuracy of sliding mode observer, a current closed loop sensorless starting method is studied, and its self-stabilization mechanism is analyzed. through the modeling and analysis of the starting process, The selection rules of parameters in starting process are given. A switching strategy is introduced, which realizes the smooth switching of position open-loop starting and medium and high speed sensorless vector control. An improved sliding mode observer is studied to realize the position sensorless reliable and efficient drive of fan system in the middle and high speed range. The improved sliding mode observer designs a back EMF observer with adaptive filtering function to replace the low pass filter in the traditional sliding mode observer, which realizes the full order observation of motor current and back EMF, and has higher accuracy and reliability. The rotor position and motor speed information are extracted by orthogonal phase-locked loop (OPLL). The bandwidth and dominant pole of OPLL are analyzed, and the parameter allocation rules of OPLL are given, which improves the high frequency anti-interference ability of the system. A short-term power outage response strategy for fan system is studied. On the basis of studying the braking process and energy flow of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the three-phase full-bridge active rectifier circuit is modeled and analyzed, and the double closed-loop control strategy of voltage and current in the process of short time power outage of fan system is put forward. Under the condition of short time power outage, the DC side bus voltage can be controlled by using motor and load side storage machinery, which avoids the hidden trouble of repeated starting and safety caused by short time power outage, and improves the reliability of the industrial application of the system. Finally, the sensorless vector control based on the improved sliding mode observer, the short-term power outage response strategy and the starting strategy of the fan are simulated and verified by experiments on the 500W fan platform. The experimental results show the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341

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