【摘要】：近年來,隨著能源和環(huán)境問題的日益嚴(yán)峻,以風(fēng)力發(fā)電和光伏發(fā)電為代表的可再生能源發(fā)電技術(shù)得到了國家政策的大力支持。作為可再生能源利用的重要形式,微網(wǎng)技術(shù)受到廣泛關(guān)注。微網(wǎng)能抑制可再生能源大規(guī)模并網(wǎng)發(fā)電對主網(wǎng)造成的不利影響,提高供電可靠性及改善電能質(zhì)量等等,其運(yùn)行方式靈活,對外特性可控,能高效利用可再生能源,微網(wǎng)的研究與推廣應(yīng)用具有重要的實(shí)際意義。 微網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行模式有并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行和孤網(wǎng)運(yùn)行兩種,其可靠,穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行及運(yùn)行模式的切換需要儲能裝置的支持。在微網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí),儲能裝置可補(bǔ)償可再生能源的功率波動從而使微網(wǎng)與主網(wǎng)的功率交換可控；在微網(wǎng)孤網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí),儲能裝置用于支撐整個(gè)電網(wǎng)的電壓,保證微網(wǎng)的電壓和頻率在合理范圍。可見,儲能裝置是微網(wǎng)的核心部件,其研究與開發(fā)是構(gòu)建微網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)性工作。鑒于其在微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行中發(fā)揮的重要作用,本文稱之為微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器。 本文首先分析比較了微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器可能的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)其實(shí)際運(yùn)行工況,最終確定了合理的微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器的主電路結(jié)構(gòu)。基于該電路結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了其主要元件的參數(shù),包括變壓器、LCL濾波器、開關(guān)器件、直流母排電容及鋰電池儲能系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的選擇。然后根據(jù)實(shí)際中微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能,基于DSP設(shè)計(jì)了其控制系統(tǒng),包括DSP板、互感器板、信號調(diào)理板、驅(qū)動板、繼電板、觸摸屏及后臺監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。將主電路,控制系統(tǒng)及驅(qū)動電路等相連接構(gòu)成微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器原理樣機(jī),并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了其并網(wǎng)鎖相技術(shù),對其進(jìn)行了功能測試。最后研究分析了異步風(fēng)機(jī)接入微網(wǎng)時(shí),線路阻抗、微網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定控制器容量及控制策略等因素對微網(wǎng)電壓穩(wěn)定的影響,并對其進(jìn)行了仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, renewable energy generation technologies, such as wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, have been strongly supported by national policies. As an important form of renewable energy utilization, microgrid technology has received extensive attention. The microgrid can restrain the adverse effect of large-scale grid connection of renewable energy on the main network, improve the reliability of power supply and improve the power quality, etc., its operation mode is flexible, the external characteristics are controllable, and the renewable energy can be used efficiently. The research and application of microgrid have important practical significance. There are two operation modes of microgrid, grid-connected operation and sole-net operation, which are reliable. The stable operation and switching of operation mode need the support of energy storage device. When the microgrid is connected to the grid, the energy storage device can compensate the power fluctuation of the renewable energy so that the power exchange between the microgrid and the main network can be controlled. During the operation of the microgrid, the energy storage device is used to support the voltage of the whole grid and to ensure that the voltage and frequency of the microgrid are in a reasonable range. Therefore, energy storage device is the core component of microgrid, and its research and development is the basic work of building microgrid. In view of its important role in the stable operation of microgrid, this paper called microgrid stability controller. In this paper, the possible topology of the microgrid stability controller is analyzed and compared, and the main circuit structure of the microgrid stability controller is finally determined according to its actual operating conditions. Based on the circuit structure, the parameters of the main components are designed, including transformer, LCL filter, switch device, DC bus capacitor and the selection of key parameters of lithium battery energy storage system. Then according to the function of microgrid stabilization controller in practice, the control system is designed based on DSP, including DSP board, transformer board, signal conditioning board, drive board, relay board, touch screen and background monitoring system. The principle prototype of the microgrid stability controller is constructed by connecting the main circuit, the control system and the driving circuit. Based on this, the grid-connected phase-locking technology is studied and its function is tested. Finally, the effects of line impedance, capacity of microgrid stabilization controller and control strategy on voltage stability of microgrid are studied and verified by simulation and experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM571

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