【摘要】：隨著微電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展與成熟,微電網(wǎng)的安全問題變得越來越重要。微電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運行不但可以對重要負(fù)荷的用電提供支持,而且可以在關(guān)鍵時刻為電網(wǎng)的快速恢復(fù)提供電源。微電網(wǎng)技術(shù)作為分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)的重要發(fā)展方向,近年來已逐漸成為研究熱點。本文針對分布式電源為主體的微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng),重點對微電網(wǎng)離網(wǎng)狀態(tài)下的微電網(wǎng)黑啟動進(jìn)行研究。首先,詳細(xì)研究了黑啟動的背景與意義,并研究了黑啟動的現(xiàn)狀與其相關(guān)原則。其次,分析了微電網(wǎng)黑啟動的主要步驟,并對電源與路徑的選擇做了重點的分析,而且對黑啟動過程中可能出現(xiàn)的問題做了詳細(xì)的分析。再次,對分布式電源的分析,詳細(xì)研究了微電網(wǎng)中典型的分布式電源的原理與數(shù)學(xué)模型,并根據(jù)不同分布式電源在微電網(wǎng)中的不同作用,分析了其在微電網(wǎng)黑啟動中的可行性。最后,借鑒傳統(tǒng)同步發(fā)電機組調(diào)速器基本工作原理,對微源的P-f和Q-V下垂特性控制模塊進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),使微源具有了輸出功率自動限幅功能,并通過對微源的數(shù)學(xué)模型的研究,在控制方法中加入了電壓控制法,實現(xiàn)了微源穩(wěn)定的零壓啟動,避免了輸出電壓的壓降。對現(xiàn)有黑啟動方案進(jìn)行對比,從改進(jìn)微源下垂特性入手,加入了平移特性曲線,提出了一種串行恢復(fù)的微電網(wǎng)黑啟動優(yōu)化控制方案。并對微電網(wǎng)黑啟動進(jìn)行仿真研究,對關(guān)鍵時間點的參數(shù)進(jìn)行仿真,并對結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。而且首次在黑啟動中加入了智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),為調(diào)度人員提供黑啟動的運行情況,并做出正確的安排。
[Abstract]:With the development and maturity of microgrid technology, the security of microgrid becomes more and more important. The stable operation of microgrid can not only support the power consumption of important load, but also provide power supply for the rapid recovery of power grid at critical time. As an important development direction of distributed generation technology, microgrid technology has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, we focus on the black start of microgrid under the condition of off-grid for the microgrid system with distributed generation as the main body. Firstly, the background and significance of black start are studied in detail, and the current situation and relevant principles of black start are studied. Secondly, the main steps of black start of micro grid are analyzed, and the selection of power supply and path is analyzed in detail, and the possible problems in the process of black start are analyzed in detail. Thirdly, the principle and mathematical model of typical distributed generation in microgrid are studied in detail, and the feasibility of distributed generation in black start of microgrid is analyzed according to the different functions of distributed generation in microgrid. Finally, the control module of P-f and Q-V droop characteristics of microsource is improved for reference to the basic working principle of the governor of the traditional synchronous generator set, so that the micro-source has the function of automatic limiting the output power. Through the study of the mathematical model of the microsource, the voltage control method is added to the control method, which realizes the stable zero-voltage start of the micro-source and avoids the voltage drop of the output voltage. By comparing the existing black-start schemes and improving the droop characteristics of microsource, the translation characteristic curve is added, and a serial restoration scheme for black-start optimization control of micro-grid is proposed. The black start of microgrid is simulated and the parameters of critical time point are simulated and the results are analyzed. The intelligent monitoring system is added to the black start for the first time to provide the scheduler with the running condition of the black start and make the correct arrangement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM73

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