制備不同對電極材料用于染料敏化太陽能電池
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-20 17:00
【摘要】：當(dāng)今世界面臨著能源危機的嚴(yán)重問題，太陽能是一種清潔的無污染的，而且取之不盡用之不竭的能源，備受人們關(guān)注。染料敏化太陽電池（DSSC）是一種新型太陽電池，原材料豐富、成本低、工藝技術(shù)相對簡單，同時所有原材料和生產(chǎn)工藝都是無毒、無污染的，對保護(hù)人類環(huán)境具有重要的意義。DSSC是由染料敏化的光陽極，電解質(zhì)和對電極組成，目前DSSC的最高能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率可以達(dá)到12%，在電池中對電極不僅是傳遞電子而且是催化還原氧化還原電對兒的重要組成元素。鍍鉑對電極是目前應(yīng)用廣泛的對電極材料，稀有金屬鉑的價格昂貴。研究鉑含量低和非鉑對電極材料具有重要的實際意義。 本論文研究了原位生長的CoS1.097對電極、CoS2/石墨烯復(fù)合材料（CoS2-Graphene）以及高溫煅燒法制備氮摻雜石墨烯（NGO）等三種材料組裝電池的光伏性能的研究，研究具體內(nèi)容如下： （1）用水熱法制備的原位生長的CoS1.097對電極能夠很好的附著在FTO基體上，其形貌為片狀的結(jié)構(gòu)，，能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率可以達(dá)到3.78%，鉑對電極的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率為4.18%。 （2）二硫化鈷石墨烯復(fù)合物（CoS2-Gs）是通過水熱法合成的，在氧化石墨烯（GO）的存在下鈷離子和硫脲分子之間的反應(yīng)。通過這種方法，易于彎曲的石墨烯片能夠有效地控制CoS2納米粒子的尺寸和分布，這對于獲得高效的電催化活性有重要的意義。主要是由于CoS2納米粒子均勻的固定在石墨烯上，而且粒子具有很高的密度，CoS2-G50的合成是在石墨烯的質(zhì)量為50mg時，表現(xiàn)出最高的催化活性和最低的電解質(zhì)擴散電阻�？傊�，CoS2-G50作為染料敏化太陽能電池的對電極時，得到的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率為6.55%，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于CoS2和石墨烯對電極的效率。同樣也勝過鉑電極（6.20%）的PCE，證明CoS2-G是價格低廉的非鉑對電極材料。 （3）用煅燒的方法在高溫、氮氣氛條件下制備得到的不同氮摻雜量的氮摻雜石墨烯，能夠降低電荷在對電極和電解質(zhì)界面之間的電荷遷移電阻（Rct），而且對I-/I3-有很強的電催化還原能力；樣品NG3-1的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率為5.66%，高于濺射法制備的鉑對電極。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the world is facing a serious problem of energy crisis. Solar energy is a clean, non-polluting and inexhaustible energy, which has attracted people's attention. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a new type of solar cell, which is rich in raw materials, low in cost and relatively simple in technology. Meanwhile, all raw materials and production processes are non-toxic and pollution-free. DSSC is composed of dye sensitized photoanode, electrolyte and counter electrode. At present, the highest energy conversion efficiency of DSSC can reach 12. The counter electrode is not only an important element of electron transfer but also an important component of the catalytic reduction redox pair in the battery. Platinum-plated pair electrode is a widely used counter electrode material, and the price of rare metal platinum is expensive. The study of low platinum content and non-platinum has important practical significance for electrode materials. In this paper, the photovoltaic properties of nitrogen-doped graphene (NGO) fabricated by in-situ growth of CoS1.097 opposite electrode, CoS2/ graphene composite (CoS2-Graphene) and high temperature calcination were studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) the in-situ growth of CoS1.097 prepared by hydrothermal method can adhere to the FTO matrix very well, its morphology is flake structure, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach 3.78%. The conversion efficiency of platinum to electrode is 4.18. (2) Cobalt-graphene disulfide complex (CoS2-Gs) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The reaction between cobalt ion and thiourea molecule in the presence of graphene oxide (GO). Through this method, the graphene sheet which is easy to bend can effectively control the size and distribution of CoS2 nanoparticles, which is of great significance for obtaining high efficiency electrocatalytic activity. The main reason is that CoS2 nanoparticles are immobilized on graphene uniformly and the particles have high density. The synthesis of CoS2-G50 shows the highest catalytic activity and the lowest electrolyte diffusion resistance when the mass of graphene is 50mg. In a word, when CoS2-G50 is used as the opposite electrode of dye sensitized solar cell, the energy conversion efficiency is 6.55, which is much higher than that of CoS2 and graphene opposite electrode. PCE, which is also superior to platinum electrode (6.20%), proves that CoS2-G is a low price non-platinum opposite electrode material. (3) under the condition of high temperature and nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen-doped graphene prepared by calcination method can reduce the charge transfer resistance (Rct),) between the opposite electrode and electrolyte interface. Moreover, it has strong electrocatalytic reduction ability to I / R I _ 3-. The photoelectricity conversion efficiency of NG3-1 is 5.66, which is higher than that of platinum opposite electrode prepared by sputtering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM914.4;O646.54
本文編號：2412213
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the world is facing a serious problem of energy crisis. Solar energy is a clean, non-polluting and inexhaustible energy, which has attracted people's attention. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a new type of solar cell, which is rich in raw materials, low in cost and relatively simple in technology. Meanwhile, all raw materials and production processes are non-toxic and pollution-free. DSSC is composed of dye sensitized photoanode, electrolyte and counter electrode. At present, the highest energy conversion efficiency of DSSC can reach 12. The counter electrode is not only an important element of electron transfer but also an important component of the catalytic reduction redox pair in the battery. Platinum-plated pair electrode is a widely used counter electrode material, and the price of rare metal platinum is expensive. The study of low platinum content and non-platinum has important practical significance for electrode materials. In this paper, the photovoltaic properties of nitrogen-doped graphene (NGO) fabricated by in-situ growth of CoS1.097 opposite electrode, CoS2/ graphene composite (CoS2-Graphene) and high temperature calcination were studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) the in-situ growth of CoS1.097 prepared by hydrothermal method can adhere to the FTO matrix very well, its morphology is flake structure, and the energy conversion efficiency can reach 3.78%. The conversion efficiency of platinum to electrode is 4.18. (2) Cobalt-graphene disulfide complex (CoS2-Gs) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The reaction between cobalt ion and thiourea molecule in the presence of graphene oxide (GO). Through this method, the graphene sheet which is easy to bend can effectively control the size and distribution of CoS2 nanoparticles, which is of great significance for obtaining high efficiency electrocatalytic activity. The main reason is that CoS2 nanoparticles are immobilized on graphene uniformly and the particles have high density. The synthesis of CoS2-G50 shows the highest catalytic activity and the lowest electrolyte diffusion resistance when the mass of graphene is 50mg. In a word, when CoS2-G50 is used as the opposite electrode of dye sensitized solar cell, the energy conversion efficiency is 6.55, which is much higher than that of CoS2 and graphene opposite electrode. PCE, which is also superior to platinum electrode (6.20%), proves that CoS2-G is a low price non-platinum opposite electrode material. (3) under the condition of high temperature and nitrogen atmosphere, nitrogen-doped graphene prepared by calcination method can reduce the charge transfer resistance (Rct),) between the opposite electrode and electrolyte interface. Moreover, it has strong electrocatalytic reduction ability to I / R I _ 3-. The photoelectricity conversion efficiency of NG3-1 is 5.66, which is higher than that of platinum opposite electrode prepared by sputtering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM914.4;O646.54
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 ;Recent Progress of Counter Electrodes in Nanocrystalline Dye-sensitized Solar Cells[J];Journal of Materials Science & Technology;2007年05期
2 林紅;李鑫;王寧;李建保;;染料敏化太陽能電池用電解質(zhì)的研究現(xiàn)狀[J];世界科技研究與發(fā)展;2006年04期
本文編號：2412213
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