【摘要】：由于傳統(tǒng)的化石能源一方面面臨著能源枯竭的危機(jī)，另一方面在應(yīng)用的同時(shí)會(huì)造成極大的環(huán)境污染。因此，人類必須開發(fā)和利用一些資源豐富的、可再生的其他能源，以滿足人們對(duì)能源日益增長(zhǎng)的需要。在各種可再生能源中，太陽能屬于取之不盡，用之不竭的清潔能源，如何將太陽能高效地為人類所用的問題是全世界科學(xué)家長(zhǎng)期以來需要解決的重要科學(xué)和技術(shù)難題。太陽電池是最好的太陽能利用元件，制備高效、廉價(jià)、大面積的太陽電池成為了各國清潔能源技術(shù)研究的主要目標(biāo)之一。有機(jī)太陽電池與傳統(tǒng)的無機(jī)半導(dǎo)體太陽電池相比，具有制作工藝簡(jiǎn)單，質(zhì)量輕且可制備成大面積柔性器件等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。目前，有機(jī)太陽電池光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率取得了一定進(jìn)展，但是器件的穩(wěn)定性卻不是很好，距離商業(yè)化應(yīng)用的要求還有很長(zhǎng)的一段路要走，因此如何提高有機(jī)太陽能電池的效率和穩(wěn)定性仍是目前研究的熱點(diǎn)問題。 本文研究了利用無機(jī)金屬氧化物為電極界面修飾層，制備了高效的聚合物太陽電池器件，并且經(jīng)過測(cè)試表明，器件的穩(wěn)定性也非常的好。具體工作如下： 首先，通過磁控濺射的方式，我們?cè)贗TO基片上沉積一層具有高電子遷移率和高光學(xué)透過率的氧化鋅鎵銦（IGZO）薄膜作為ITO陰極的界面修飾層，制備了器件結(jié)構(gòu)為ITO/IGZO/PCDTBT:PC70BM/MoO3/Al的倒置型聚合物太陽電池。 其次，我們對(duì)金屬氧化物IGZO薄膜作為器件界面修飾層的厚度、熱處理溫度和熱處理時(shí)間進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化，結(jié)果顯示薄膜厚度為20nm左右，并且用200℃熱處理30min時(shí)，器件的性能最佳。在AM1.5G，，100mW/cm2的模擬太陽燈照射下，測(cè)得器件的效率為5.63%，沒有加界面的對(duì)比器件的效率只有3.68%。通過C-V測(cè)試、AFM測(cè)試和遷移率測(cè)試，表明加入IGZO界面層以后，優(yōu)化了界面的表面形貌，增強(qiáng)了器件的內(nèi)建電場(chǎng)，提高了載流子的輸運(yùn)和抽取效率,從而提高了器件的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率。 最后，我們研究了采用醇溶劑處理IGZO薄膜對(duì)聚合物太陽電池性能的影響。在AM1.5G，100mW/cm2的模擬太陽燈照射下，測(cè)量的結(jié)果表明，采用乙醇和甲醇溶劑處理的器件的性能都比沒有溶劑處理的器件性能要好，并且乙醇處理優(yōu)于甲醇處理。器件性能提升的主要原因是醇溶類溶劑可以降低界面的串聯(lián)電阻，提高載流子的收集效率。 此外，我們還對(duì)器件的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。我把制備好的器件放置在空氣中，每隔十天測(cè)試一次，結(jié)果表明采用該方法制備聚合物太陽電池器件的穩(wěn)定性非常的好。我們認(rèn)為主要原因是磁控濺射法制備得致密IGZO薄膜和蒸鍍的MoO3致密薄膜對(duì)夾在其中間的活性層材料起到良好的隔絕水氧作用，再加上進(jìn)一步對(duì)器件包封，使得器件的壽命大大提高。
[Abstract]:On the one hand, the traditional fossil energy is facing the crisis of energy depletion, on the other hand, it will cause great environmental pollution when it is applied. Therefore, human beings must develop and utilize some resource-rich, renewable other energy to meet the increasing needs of energy. Among all kinds of renewable energy, solar energy is an inexhaustible and inexhaustible clean energy. How to use solar energy efficiently is an important scientific and technical problem that scientists all over the world need to solve for a long time. Solar cells are the best solar energy components. The preparation of high efficiency, low cost and large area solar cells has become one of the main targets of clean energy technology research. Compared with the traditional inorganic semiconductor solar cells, organic solar cells have the advantages of simple fabrication process, light weight and the ability to fabricate large area flexible devices. At present, some progress has been made in the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic solar cells, but the stability of the devices is not very good, and there is still a long way to go before the requirements of commercial applications. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells is still a hot issue. In this paper, high efficient polymer solar cell devices were prepared by using inorganic metal oxides as the interfacial modification layer of the electrode. The stability of the devices was also proved to be very good. The main works are as follows: firstly, we deposited a ZnO indium gallium oxide (IGZO) film with high electron mobility and high optical transmittance on ITO substrate as the interface modification layer of ITO cathode by magnetron sputtering. An inverted polymer solar cell with ITO/IGZO/PCDTBT:PC70BM/MoO3/Al structure was fabricated. Secondly, we optimized the thickness, heat treatment temperature and time of the metal oxide IGZO film as the interface modification layer of the device. The results show that the thickness of the film is about 20nm, and the performance of the device is the best when the film is heat-treated at 200 鈩

本文編號(hào)：2340170