【摘要】：真空電弧是真空開(kāi)關(guān)電器分?jǐn)嚯娏鲿r(shí)所產(chǎn)生的物理現(xiàn)象，真空開(kāi)關(guān)電器能否可靠地分?jǐn)嚯娏鲗⑷Q于真空電弧能否被成功熄滅。因此，對(duì)真空電弧特性的研究是真空開(kāi)關(guān)電器領(lǐng)域最重要的研究課題之一。由于真空電弧的復(fù)雜性，目前對(duì)真空電弧的物理過(guò)程及其特性的認(rèn)識(shí)尚不完善，僅通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)很難全面獲取真空電弧重要參數(shù)及其特性。因此，還需要合理的運(yùn)用理論及仿真研究，特別是利用數(shù)值仿真技術(shù)，通過(guò)建立合適的仿真模型，可以深入研究真空電弧的相關(guān)特性，進(jìn)而為真空開(kāi)關(guān)電器的設(shè)計(jì)與制造提供理論依據(jù)。 通過(guò)對(duì)真空電弧物理模型進(jìn)行分析研究，考慮到廣泛應(yīng)用的真空電弧磁場(chǎng)控制技術(shù)，建立了縱向磁場(chǎng)真空電弧磁流體動(dòng)力學(xué)的仿真物理模型。該仿真模型考慮了氣流場(chǎng)與電磁場(chǎng)耦合、真空電弧等離子體離子與電子的相互碰撞等復(fù)雜情況，較全面地描述了真空電弧等離子區(qū)域的重要參數(shù)及其規(guī)律。通過(guò)對(duì)計(jì)算平臺(tái)FLUENT進(jìn)行二次開(kāi)發(fā)，，采用VC++自編程和自定義宏函數(shù)，完成了縱向磁場(chǎng)真空電弧磁流體動(dòng)力學(xué)模型的數(shù)值求解，實(shí)現(xiàn)了縱向磁場(chǎng)下真空電弧等離子體的數(shù)值仿真研究。 仿真結(jié)果表明，強(qiáng)電流真空電弧等離子體的密度、壓力、馬赫數(shù)和速度的分布不均勻，等離子體壓力的最大值和等離子體密度的最大值都出現(xiàn)在陰極附近，而等離子體速度的最大值和馬赫數(shù)的最大值則出現(xiàn)在陽(yáng)極附近。通過(guò)對(duì)不同開(kāi)斷電流和不同開(kāi)距下真空電弧等離子體的電流密度的仿真研究研究，揭示了開(kāi)斷電流的大小對(duì)于真空電弧的收縮程度具有影響作用。
[Abstract]:Vacuum arc is a physical phenomenon that occurs when the vacuum switcher breaks the current. Whether the vacuum switch can break the current reliably depends on whether the vacuum arc can be successfully extinguished. Therefore, the study of the characteristics of vacuum arc is one of the most important research topics in the field of vacuum switchgear. Due to the complexity of vacuum arc, the physical process and its characteristics of vacuum arc are not well understood, and it is difficult to obtain the important parameters and characteristics of vacuum arc through experiments. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the theory and simulation research reasonably, especially by using numerical simulation technology, through establishing appropriate simulation model, we can deeply study the related characteristics of vacuum arc. It provides theoretical basis for the design and manufacture of vacuum switchgear. Based on the analysis of the vacuum arc physical model and the widely used vacuum arc magnetic field control technology, the simulation physical model of the longitudinal magnetic field vacuum arc magnetohydrodynamics is established. The simulation model takes into account the coupling of airflow field and electromagnetic field, the interaction of plasma ions and electrons in vacuum arc, and describes the important parameters and rules of vacuum arc plasma region. Through the secondary development of FLUENT, VC self-programming and self-defined macro function, the numerical solution of the magnetohydrodynamic model of vertical magnetic field vacuum arc is completed. The numerical simulation of vacuum arc plasma in longitudinal magnetic field is realized. The simulation results show that the density, pressure, Mach number and velocity of the high current vacuum arc plasma are not uniformly distributed, the maximum plasma pressure and the maximum plasma density all appear near the cathode. The maximum plasma velocity and Mach number appear near the anode. Based on the simulation of the current density of vacuum arc plasma at different switching current and different open distance, it is revealed that the magnitude of breaking current has an effect on the shrinkage of vacuum arc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM501.2

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