【摘要】：隨著電機領域相關技術的提高，高效高功率密度電機成為發(fā)展趨勢。YJKK系列緊湊型高壓電機是我國電機行業(yè)的新生產品，比原YKK系列電機中心高平均降低兩個等級，體積的減小使表面散熱面積減小，同時功率密度和電壓等級的增加，使得人們對其起動特性及溫升情況尤為關心。電機負載起動時，起動時間長，起動電流會使繞組溫度迅速升高，較大負載可能導致電機不能正常起動。而起動過程定、轉子阻抗及起動電流是判斷繞組溫升的重要依據；起動特性(電流-轉速、轉矩-轉速)是衡量感應電機起動運行性能、判斷電機能否正常起動的重要指標；用戶需要根據電機起動阻抗及起動特性來選擇合理的起動設備，減少起動過程故障的發(fā)生。 對于高壓電機，試驗方法測取起動過程動態(tài)參數及起動特性不易實現，需要一種切實可行的方法進行仿真計算。本文根據國內外對感應電機起動特性、阻抗及溫升的研究現狀，分析總結目前計算方法中的優(yōu)缺點，深入研究電機起動過程電、磁、熱之間的關系，提出電機動態(tài)參數、起動特性及動態(tài)溫升的計算方法。 本文對起動過程電機內的飽和效應和集膚效應進行研究。根據動態(tài)過程電機內磁通的分布情況，采用磁網絡法對電機內飽和漏磁通進行計算。緊湊型高壓電機，少極數時定子軛部較長，且磁通密度較高，軛部飽和嚴重；另外，，為改善磁密分布，緊湊型高壓電機常采用磁性槽楔。因此，建立磁網絡模型時，需要考慮電機軛部飽和及磁性槽楔的影響。為提高計算的準確性，建立了電機齒槽相對和齒齒相對兩種位置下的磁網絡模型，根據磁路的定律對漏磁通進行計算。建立了分層法模型模擬集膚效應，對槽高進行離散，給出了集膚系數的計算方法。 電機起動屬于瞬態(tài)過程，需要用動態(tài)理論來分析電機起動特性。為減少計算量，根據坐標變換和矢量變換的理論推導出感應電機在兩相坐標系下的狀態(tài)方程。結合轉動系的運動方程，給出了起動電流、電磁轉矩、起動時間的計算方法，公式簡單、計算方便、可節(jié)省計算時間。 建立并求解電機風阻網絡模型，得到電機內部冷卻氣體流量的分布，結合電機動態(tài)特性曲線對電機發(fā)熱和散熱進行計算，得到起動過程電機繞組平均溫升的變化曲線。根據繞組溫升限值對電機起動過程發(fā)生堵轉時的安全運行時間進行計算，分析了不同負載對電機溫升的影響。 考慮起動過程電機阻抗、電流及溫升之間的相互影響關系，對其進行耦合計算，提高了電機起動過程計算的準確性，通過實驗驗證了本文所提出計算方法的準確性。論文的研究成果為新系列電機的設計和保障其安全運行提供了參考，具有較高的實用價值。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of related technology in motor field, high efficiency and high power density motor becomes the developing trend. YJKK series compact high voltage motor is a new product of motor industry in our country, which is two grades lower than the center of YKK series motor on average. The decrease of volume makes the surface heat dissipation area decrease, and the power density and voltage level increase, which makes people pay more attention to its starting characteristics and temperature rise. When the load starts, the starting time is long, the starting current will make the winding temperature rise rapidly, and the large load may lead to the motor not starting normally. In the starting process, rotor impedance and starting current are the important basis for judging the winding temperature rise, and the starting characteristics (current-rotational speed, torque and rotational speed) are the important indexes to evaluate the starting performance of induction motor and to judge whether the motor can start normally. The user needs to select reasonable starting equipment according to the starting impedance and characteristics of the motor, so as to reduce the occurrence of the fault in the starting process. For the high voltage motor, it is difficult to realize the dynamic parameters and the starting characteristics of the starting process by the test method, so a practical method is needed to carry out the simulation calculation. According to the research status of induction motor starting characteristics, impedance and temperature rise at home and abroad, this paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the current calculation methods, deeply studies the relationship among electric, magnetic and heat during motor starting, and puts forward the dynamic parameters of the motor. The calculation method of starting characteristic and dynamic temperature rise. In this paper, the saturation effect and skin effect in starting motor are studied. According to the distribution of magnetic flux in the dynamic process of the motor, the magnetic network method is used to calculate the saturated flux leakage in the motor. For compact high voltage motor, the stator yoke is longer, the flux density is higher, and the yoke is saturated seriously. In addition, in order to improve magnetic density distribution, magnetic slot wedge is often used in compact high voltage motor. Therefore, the influence of the saturation of the yoke and the magnetic slot wedge should be taken into account in the establishment of the magnetic network model. In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation, a magnetic network model is established under the two positions of the relative tooth slot and the tooth, and the leakage flux is calculated according to the law of magnetic circuit. A stratified model is established to simulate the skin effect, and the height of the groove is discretized, and the calculation method of the skin collecting coefficient is given. Motor starting is a transient process, which needs to be analyzed by dynamic theory. According to the theory of coordinate transformation and vector transformation, the state equation of induction motor in two-phase coordinate system is derived. Combined with the motion equation of rotation system, the calculation methods of starting current, electromagnetic torque and starting time are given. The formula is simple, the calculation is convenient and the calculation time can be saved. The wind resistance network model of the motor is established and solved, and the distribution of the cooling gas flow inside the motor is obtained. Combined with the dynamic characteristic curve of the motor, the heat and heat dissipation of the motor are calculated, and the variation curve of the average temperature rise of the motor winding during the starting process is obtained. According to the limit value of winding temperature rise, the safe running time of motor during starting process is calculated, and the influence of different load on motor temperature rise is analyzed. Considering the interaction among the impedance, current and temperature rise of the motor during the starting process, the coupling calculation is carried out to improve the accuracy of the calculation of the starting process of the motor. The accuracy of the proposed calculation method is verified by experiments. The research results of this paper provide a reference for the design of new series motors and ensure their safe operation, and have high practical value.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM346

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 李永東,李明才;感應電機高性能無速度傳感器控制系統(tǒng)——回顧、現狀與展望[J];電氣傳動;2004年01期

2 K.Matsuse,高首聰;單個逆變器驅動兩臺并聯(lián)感應電機的無速度傳感器矢量控制方法[J];變流技術與電力牽引;2005年04期

3 陳奇;;感應電機變頻運動控制策略和實現方式的比較[J];變頻器世界;2005年09期

4 郭立煒;王忠杰;安國慶;陳學廣;;基于串口技術的感應電機特性及參數測試系統(tǒng)[J];華中科技大學學報(自然科學版);2007年05期

5 王濤;肖建;嚴殊;;感應電機反饋線性化解耦控制[J];西南交通大學學報;2007年02期

6 裴文卉;武玉強;;感應電機系統(tǒng)的非線性反推自適應控制[J];電機與控制學報;2007年04期

7 劉軍鋒;李葉松;;感應電機寬范圍調速時電流分配策略研究[J];電力電子技術;2008年02期

8 沈艷霞;丁輝;紀志成;;感應電機模糊滑�？刂破鞯男滦驮O計方法[J];電機與控制學報;2008年03期

9 孫小均;;交-交變頻技術實現感應電機的重載起動[J];商情(教育經濟研究);2008年05期

10 關e

本文編號：2225666