【摘要】：儲緯器是織機上的重要配套設(shè)備，直接影響織機的整體性能，在工藝上要求儲緯器電機具有大范圍調(diào)速、快速響應(yīng)和定位停機等性能。目前國內(nèi)的儲緯器電機普遍采用的是交流異步電機，而永磁同步電機(PMSM)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，體積小，重量輕，損耗小，效率高等一系列優(yōu)點，非常適合作為儲緯器的驅(qū)動電機。 矢量控制能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)PMSM的高性能運動控制。本文針對儲緯器生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的需求，利用儲緯器上用于繞紗圈數(shù)和定位停機檢測的鎖存型霍爾傳感器，設(shè)計了一款基于單霍爾傳感器的PMSM矢量控制驅(qū)動器，實現(xiàn)了儲緯器的工藝要求。 論文首先討論了PMSM的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理，推導(dǎo)出PMSM矢量控制中三種坐標(biāo)系間的變換關(guān)系，建立了兩相同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下PMSM的數(shù)學(xué)模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了PMSM的矢量控制原理，并確定了id＝0的矢量控制策略。然后深入分析了矢量控制中電壓空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)技術(shù)的原理，給出SVPWM控制算法的實現(xiàn)步驟和方法。利用MATLAB軟件繪制了SVPWM技術(shù)下逆變器輸出相電壓和線電壓、負(fù)載相電壓以及負(fù)載中心點電壓的理論波形圖，形象地說明了SVPWM技術(shù)的本質(zhì)。 在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上采用Microchip公司的dsPIC30F4011數(shù)字信號控制器(DSC)為核心控制器，進(jìn)行了儲緯器PMSM基于單霍爾傳感器的矢量控制軟硬件設(shè)計。搭建了系統(tǒng)的主要電路，包括主電路、驅(qū)動電路、控制電路、轉(zhuǎn)子速度和位置檢測電路、電流檢測電路、保護(hù)電路和開關(guān)電源電路等。在系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計中，給出了軟件系統(tǒng)主要部分的程序流程圖，并重點分析了電機控制中的初始定位和起動、電機速度和位置計算、PI調(diào)節(jié)器設(shè)計、SVPWM模塊軟件實現(xiàn)等關(guān)鍵問題。 最后對設(shè)計的儲緯器電機控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了全面的運行調(diào)試，，測量了電機控制系統(tǒng)的輸出波形和調(diào)速曲線。實驗結(jié)果表明了設(shè)計的電機控制系統(tǒng)有良好的速度響應(yīng)，能有效滿足儲緯器電機的控制需求，達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果。
[Abstract]:The weft storage device is an important supporting equipment on the loom, which directly affects the overall performance of the loom. In the process, the weft storage motor is required to have the characteristics of wide range speed regulation, fast response and positioning shutdown. At present, AC asynchronous motor is widely used in domestic weft storage motor, and permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has a series of advantages, such as simple structure, small volume, light weight, low loss, high efficiency and so on, so it is very suitable for the drive motor of weft storage device. Vector control can realize the high performance motion control of PMSM. In this paper, according to the demand of the weft storage manufacturer, a PMSM vector control driver based on single Hall sensor is designed, which is based on the lock Hall sensor which is used to detect the number of hoops and the position stop of the weft storage device. The process requirement of weft storage device is realized. This paper first discusses the structure and working principle of PMSM, deduces the transformation relationship between three coordinate systems in PMSM vector control, and establishes the mathematical model of PMSM in two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system. On this basis, the vector control principle of PMSM is analyzed, and the vector control strategy of id=0 is determined. Then, the principle of voltage space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) in vector control is analyzed, and the steps and methods of SVPWM control algorithm are given. The theoretical waveforms of output phase voltage, line voltage, load phase voltage and load center voltage of inverter under SVPWM technology are drawn by using MATLAB software. The essence of SVPWM technology is illustrated graphically. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the dsPIC30F4011 digital signal controller (DSC) of Microchip Company is used as the core controller, and the vector control software and hardware of the weft storage device PMSM based on single Hall sensor are designed. The main circuits of the system include main circuit, drive circuit, control circuit, rotor speed and position detection circuit, current detection circuit, protection circuit and switching power supply circuit. In the software design of the system, the program flow chart of the main parts of the software system is given, and the key problems such as the initial positioning and starting in the motor control, the calculation of the motor speed and position and the design of the SVPWM module software are analyzed. Finally, the designed control system of the weft storage machine is operated and debugged, and the output waveform and the speed regulation curve of the motor control system are measured. The experimental results show that the designed motor control system has a good speed response and can effectively meet the control requirements of the weft accumulator motor and achieve the desired results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TS103.33;TM341

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