【摘要】：日益凸顯的能源和環(huán)境問題,使得風(fēng)能、太陽能等潔凈可再生能源受到了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。分布式發(fā)電是開發(fā)利用可再生能源的有效途徑,但由于分布式發(fā)電的隨機(jī)性和分散性,使得分布式電源接入電網(wǎng)時會對系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生影響,這制約了分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)的發(fā)展。微網(wǎng)是將分布式電源與儲能裝置相結(jié)合,為當(dāng)?shù)刎?fù)荷提供電能的一個可控的系統(tǒng),它的出現(xiàn)不但能夠很好的解決這一問題,同時還可以與電網(wǎng)互補(bǔ),提高供電可靠性。微網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行具有聯(lián)網(wǎng)和孤島兩種模式,在不同的運(yùn)行模式下選擇合適的控制策略是保證微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)揮其諸多優(yōu)勢的前提。因此,建立以光伏電池為分布式電源的微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行控制仿真模型具有重要的意義。 文章首先從光伏微網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā),建立了光伏電池的仿真模型,并采用擾動觀察法實(shí)現(xiàn)了光伏電池的最大功率跟蹤控制；考慮到在微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中由分布式電源接口逆變器輸出的電流中含有大量的諧波,為降低諧波含量,通過對不同類型濾波器的分析比較,最終選擇了LC型濾波器且對其參數(shù)進(jìn)行了整定。其次對微網(wǎng)的下垂控制原理展開研究；分析了兩臺分布式電源并聯(lián)運(yùn)行在孤島模式時影響無功功率分配的因素,在傳統(tǒng)下垂控制方法的基礎(chǔ)上提出了補(bǔ)償線路壓降的改進(jìn)下垂控制法,改進(jìn)后的方法對于分布式電源運(yùn)行在孤島模式下的無功功率分配有明顯的改善；設(shè)計(jì)了并網(wǎng)預(yù)同步控制器以減少系統(tǒng)聯(lián)網(wǎng)瞬間產(chǎn)生的沖擊電流對電網(wǎng)的影響。再次,針對微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)與電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時的需要,通過在改進(jìn)的下垂控制器中引入電壓、頻率參考值調(diào)整環(huán)使電源的輸出功率保持恒定,實(shí)現(xiàn)了微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)在并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時的恒功率(PQ)控制。最后,在Matlab/Simulink仿真環(huán)境下搭建了含有光伏電池的小型微網(wǎng)模型,將改進(jìn)的下垂控制策略、并網(wǎng)預(yù)同步控制器和改進(jìn)的恒功率控制策略應(yīng)用到設(shè)計(jì)的算例中,通過對運(yùn)行模式切換和負(fù)荷變化時的運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果證明了改進(jìn)控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:Increasingly prominent energy and environmental problems, such as wind energy, solar energy and other clean renewable energy has received widespread attention. Distributed generation is an effective way to develop and utilize renewable energy. However, due to the randomness and dispersion of distributed generation, the distributed generation will affect the operation of the system when it is connected to the power network, which restricts the development of distributed generation technology. Microgrid is a controllable system which combines distributed power source with energy storage device to provide local load with electric energy. Its appearance can not only solve this problem but also complement the power grid and improve the reliability of power supply. The operation of microgrid has two modes of networking and islanding. Choosing appropriate control strategy under different operation modes is the prerequisite to ensure the microgrid system to give full play to its many advantages. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish the simulation model of microgrid system with photovoltaic cells as the distributed power source. In this paper, the simulation model of photovoltaic cell is established based on the topology of photovoltaic microgrid grid-connected system, and the maximum power tracking control of photovoltaic cell is realized by perturbation observation method. Considering that there are a lot of harmonics in the current output from the inverter of distributed power interface in the microgrid system, in order to reduce the harmonic content, the different types of filters are analyzed and compared. Finally, LC filter is selected and its parameters are adjusted. Secondly, the droop control principle of microgrid is studied, and the factors that affect reactive power distribution when two distributed power sources are running in island mode in parallel are analyzed. Based on the traditional droop control method, an improved droop control method for compensating line voltage drop is proposed. The improved method can obviously improve the reactive power distribution of distributed power generation running in isolated island mode. A presynchronous controller is designed to reduce the impact of the impulse current on the power grid. Thirdly, according to the need of the microgrid system running in parallel with the grid, by introducing the voltage into the improved droop controller, the output power of the power supply can be kept constant by the frequency reference adjusting loop. The constant power (PQ) control of microgrid system in grid-connected operation is realized. Finally, a miniature microgrid model with photovoltaic cells is built in Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. The improved droop control strategy, grid-connected presynchronous controller and improved constant power control strategy are applied to the design example. The results show that the improved control strategy is effective by analyzing the characteristics of operation mode switching and load changing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉飛;查曉明;段善旭;;三相并網(wǎng)逆變器LCL濾波器的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)與研究[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報;2010年03期

2 王健強(qiáng);;太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)與應(yīng)用 第三講:最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤技術(shù)[J];電力電子;2009年02期

3 唐欣,羅安,涂春鳴;有源濾波器中輸出濾波器的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)及優(yōu)化[J];電力電子技術(shù);2005年05期

4 呂志鵬;羅安;榮飛;郭镥;;電網(wǎng)電壓不平衡條件下微網(wǎng)PQ控制策略研究[J];電力電子技術(shù);2010年06期

5 魏星;肖嵐;姚志壘;龔春英;;三相并網(wǎng)逆變器的LCL濾波器設(shè)計(jì)[J];電力電子技術(shù);2010年11期

6 王長江;;基于MATLAB的光伏電池通用數(shù)學(xué)模型[J];電力科學(xué)與工程;2009年04期

7 牟曉春;畢大強(qiáng);任先文;;低壓微網(wǎng)綜合控制策略設(shè)計(jì)[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動化;2010年19期

8 張建華;蘇玲;陳勇;蘇靜;王利;;微網(wǎng)的能量管理及其控制策略[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2011年07期

9 程啟明;程尹曼;汪明媚;倪仁杰;;光伏電池最大功率點(diǎn)的跟蹤方法[J];上海電力學(xué)院學(xué)報;2009年04期

10 徐瑞林;徐鑫;鄭永偉;陳民鈾;李闖;;基于改進(jìn)下垂控制的微網(wǎng)運(yùn)行控制策略[J];電力系統(tǒng)及其自動化學(xué)報;2012年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李鵬;分布式發(fā)電微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)暫態(tài)仿真方法研究[D];天津大學(xué);2010年

2 肖朝霞;微網(wǎng)控制及運(yùn)行特性分析[D];天津大學(xué);2009年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 梁清清;電勵磁風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)控制策略的研究[D];西華大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號：2175268