本文選題：永磁直驅(qū)型風力發(fā)電 + 最大風能跟蹤��； 參考：《遼寧科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤、石油、天然氣等化石燃料資源日趨枯竭，能源安全問題越來越受到世界各國的廣泛關(guān)注。全球空氣污染和溫室效應(yīng)的日趨嚴重，促使全球掀起了一股追求綠色電力的熱潮。風能以其取之不盡、用之不竭、無污染的特點，越來越受到人們的廣泛重視。近些年來，我國風力發(fā)電市場不斷擴大，風電產(chǎn)業(yè)得到迅猛發(fā)展。在風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中，基于電力電子技術(shù)的功率變換器是主要的核心裝置，通過控制變換器實現(xiàn)發(fā)電機與電網(wǎng)之間的柔性連接，，調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)電機轉(zhuǎn)速，同時對風電系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定、高效的運行有重要意義。 本文主要對永磁直驅(qū)式風力發(fā)電機系統(tǒng)的并網(wǎng)變流器進行研究。相對于雙饋型風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)，它省去了故障率較高的齒輪箱，從而降低了發(fā)電機組運行維護的成本，提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性和整體的效率。直驅(qū)式風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)還可以實現(xiàn)對電網(wǎng)有功、無功功率的靈活控制。同時發(fā)電機與電網(wǎng)之間的全功率變流減少了它們的相互影響，低電壓穿越性能優(yōu)良。 第1部分，對比研究了直驅(qū)型風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)兩種常用的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)，對比了它們各自的優(yōu)缺點。選擇“不可控整流器+Boost升壓斬波電路+PWM逆變器”作為自己的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)。同時，簡單介紹了與機側(cè)整流器相關(guān)的最大風能跟蹤（MPPT）理論、貝茨理論以及與網(wǎng)側(cè)逆變器相關(guān)的空間矢量脈沖寬度調(diào)制（SVPWM）。 第2部分，根據(jù)直驅(qū)型風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)機側(cè)的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)，建立其數(shù)學模型。首先，研究了機側(cè)最大風能跟蹤點的獲取方法和最大風能跟蹤（MPPT）的控制算法；然后，根據(jù)升壓斬波電路的控制方法，選擇轉(zhuǎn)速外環(huán)電流內(nèi)環(huán)的雙閉環(huán)控制作為本文直驅(qū)型風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)機側(cè)的控制策略；最后，做出了總的控制結(jié)構(gòu)圖。 第3部分，根據(jù)直驅(qū)型風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)側(cè)的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)，建立其在三相靜止坐標系下的數(shù)學模型和兩相旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標系下的數(shù)學模型。首先，根據(jù)并網(wǎng)逆變器的逆變原理，選擇電壓外環(huán)電流內(nèi)環(huán)的雙閉環(huán)控制策略作為本文并網(wǎng)逆變器的控制策略。然后，對于電壓外環(huán)控制，選擇模糊控制改進其PI控制器，對于電流內(nèi)環(huán)控制，選擇直接電流控制和PR控制器，實現(xiàn)內(nèi)環(huán)的控制目標。最后，做出了總的控制結(jié)構(gòu)圖。 第4部分，在MATLAB/SIMULINK環(huán)境下，對永磁直驅(qū)風力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的整流部分和逆變部分，分別進行了相關(guān)的建模和仿真。通過分析它們的仿真結(jié)果，驗證了本文控制策略的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the depletion of fossil fuel resources, such as coal, oil and natural gas, energy security has attracted more and more attention all over the world. Global air pollution and Greenhouse Effect are becoming more and more serious. Wind energy has been paid more and more attention for its inexhaustible and pollution-free characteristics. In recent years, China's wind power market has been expanding, wind power industry has been rapid development. In wind power generation system, power converter based on power electronics technology is the main core device. Through the control converter, the flexible connection between generator and power grid can be realized, and the speed of generator can be adjusted. At the same time, it is stable to wind power system. Efficient operation is of great significance. In this paper, the grid-connected converter of permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine system is studied. Compared with the doubly-fed wind power system, it saves the gearbox with high failure rate, thus reduces the cost of operation and maintenance of the generator set, and improves the reliability and overall efficiency of the system. Direct drive wind power system can also realize the flexible control of active and reactive power. At the same time, the full power converter between the generator and the grid reduces their interaction, and the low voltage traversing performance is excellent. In the first part, two common topology structures of direct-drive wind power system are studied, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The uncontrollable rectifier boost chopping circuit PWM inverter is chosen as its own topology. At the same time, the maximum wind energy tracking (MPPT) theory, Bates theory and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) are introduced. In the second part, according to the topology of direct drive wind power system, the mathematical model is established. Firstly, the acquisition method of maximum wind energy tracking point and the control algorithm of maximum wind energy tracking (MPPT) are studied, and then, according to the control method of boost chopper circuit, The double closed loop control of the outer loop current and inner loop is selected as the control strategy of the direct-drive wind power system in this paper. Finally, the overall control structure diagram is given. In the third part, according to the topology of the grid side of the direct-drive wind power system, the mathematical model in the three-phase stationary coordinate system and the two-phase rotating coordinate system is established. Firstly, according to the inverter principle of grid-connected inverter, the double-closed loop control strategy of voltage outer loop current inner loop is selected as the control strategy of grid-connected inverter in this paper. Then, for voltage outer loop control, fuzzy control is selected to improve its Pi controller, and for current inner loop control, direct current control and PR controller are selected to realize the control goal of inner loop. Finally, the overall control structure is given. In the fourth part, in the environment of MATLAB / Simulink, the rectifier part and the inverter part of the permanent magnet direct drive wind power generation system are modeled and simulated respectively. By analyzing their simulation results, the correctness and effectiveness of the control strategy are verified.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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