本文選題：分布式發(fā)電 + 配電網(wǎng)��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在能源開(kāi)發(fā)、環(huán)境保護(hù)和完善電網(wǎng)建設(shè)的多重需求之下,以可再生能源為主的分布式發(fā)電技術(shù)在近些年來(lái)受到廣泛關(guān)注,得到飛速發(fā)展。分布式發(fā)電(Distributed Generation,簡(jiǎn)稱DG)一般接入中低壓配電網(wǎng),而我國(guó)中低壓配電系統(tǒng)一般是非直接接地系統(tǒng),為單電源輻射型網(wǎng)絡(luò),DG的接入使配電網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了根本變化,變?yōu)殡p電源甚至多電源網(wǎng)絡(luò),潮流不再單向地從變電站母線流向負(fù)荷,這使得原有的保護(hù)系統(tǒng),包括定值、保護(hù)算法、保護(hù)之間的配合、以及保護(hù)與重合閘之間的配合關(guān)系都可能受到影響。分布式發(fā)電接入對(duì)配電網(wǎng)繼電保護(hù)帶來(lái)的影響,使得傳統(tǒng)的故障檢測(cè)方法和繼電保護(hù)模式難以滿足電網(wǎng)安全運(yùn)行需要,需要在研究分布式發(fā)電的接入對(duì)配電網(wǎng)影響的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)配電網(wǎng)的保護(hù)策略進(jìn)行研究。 本文首先介紹了分布式發(fā)電的主要類型及其運(yùn)行特性,并對(duì)通過(guò)電力電子裝置輸出電能的逆變型DG的控制方式進(jìn)行了概述,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)逆變型分布式發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)模型進(jìn)行了等效建模,從而為研究DG接入對(duì)傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)的影響奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 在分析DG接入對(duì)配電網(wǎng)保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的影響時(shí),對(duì)DG接入不同容量及不同位置對(duì)配電網(wǎng)線路保護(hù)產(chǎn)生的影響分別進(jìn)行了分析。首先討論了DG接入位置不變而容量變化時(shí)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)各線路保護(hù)的影響,其次分析了DG接入位置不同而容量不變時(shí)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)配電網(wǎng)三段式電流保護(hù)及重合閘的影響,并進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證,最后理論推導(dǎo)了DG接入不同位置對(duì)距離保護(hù)的影響。分析說(shuō)明DG接入配電網(wǎng)改變了配電網(wǎng)原有的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)生故障時(shí),DG的存在有可能導(dǎo)致配電網(wǎng)原有保護(hù)失去可靠性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出將分區(qū)方向縱聯(lián)保護(hù)與過(guò)電流保護(hù)相配合的保護(hù)新方案應(yīng)用于含DG的配電網(wǎng),根據(jù)DG接入的位置對(duì)被保護(hù)線路進(jìn)行區(qū)域劃分,在DG接入點(diǎn)靠近系統(tǒng)側(cè)的區(qū)域配置方向縱聯(lián)電流保護(hù)作為主保護(hù),而原配電線路的過(guò)電流保護(hù)則作為后備保護(hù),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠快速切除故障。最后提出將距離保護(hù)用于含DG的配電網(wǎng),分析了其優(yōu)勢(shì)與存在的問(wèn)題,并進(jìn)行算例分析,說(shuō)明DG接入對(duì)距離保護(hù)整定值的影響。 將分布決策廣域保護(hù)模式應(yīng)用到含DG的配電網(wǎng)的保護(hù)中,從含DG的配電網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)出發(fā)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行編號(hào)和區(qū)域劃分,根據(jù)故障區(qū)段電流的特點(diǎn)通過(guò)故障一次和故障二次定位,準(zhǔn)確定位并切除故障實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)配電網(wǎng)的保護(hù)。以含DG的配電系統(tǒng)為例進(jìn)行算例分析,說(shuō)明了該方案的有效性及對(duì)DG投切的自適應(yīng)性,最后對(duì)該方案所使用的兩個(gè)判據(jù)進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Under the multiple demands of energy development, environmental protection and the improvement of power grid construction, the distributed generation technology, which is mainly renewable energy, has been widely concerned and developed rapidly in recent years. The distributed generation (DG) is generally connected to the medium and low voltage distribution network, while the medium and low voltage distribution system in China is generally non-directly grounded system. The network structure of the distribution network has been fundamentally changed by the access of DG to the single source radiation network. The power flow no longer flows unidirectionally from the substation bus to the load, which makes the original protection system, including the fixed value, the protection algorithm, the cooperation between the protection. The relationship between protection and reclosing may be affected. The influence of distributed generation access on relay protection in distribution network makes it difficult for traditional fault detection methods and relay protection modes to meet the needs of grid safety operation. On the basis of studying the influence of distributed generation access on distribution network, the protection strategy of distribution network should be studied. In this paper, the main types and operation characteristics of distributed generation are introduced, and the control mode of inverter DG which outputs electric energy through power electronic devices is summarized. On this basis, the equivalent modeling of the grid-connected model of inverter distributed generation is carried out, which lays a foundation for the study of the influence of DG access on the traditional distribution network protection. When the influence of DG access on distribution network protection system is analyzed, the influence of DG access capacity and location on distribution network line protection is analyzed respectively. In this paper, the influence of DG access position and capacity change on the protection of distribution network is discussed. Secondly, the influence of DG access location and capacity invariant on the three-section current protection and reclosing of traditional distribution network is analyzed. Finally, the influence of DG access position on distance protection is deduced theoretically. The analysis shows that DG access to the distribution network changes the original topology of the distribution network, and the existence of DG in the event of failure may lead to the loss of reliability of the original protection of the distribution network. On this basis, a new protection scheme, which is combined with zonal directional longitudinal protection and over-current protection, is proposed for distribution network with DG, and the protected lines are divided according to the location of DG access. In the area near the system side of the DG access point, the directional longitudinal current protection is used as the main protection, while the over-current protection of the original distribution line is used as the backup protection, so that the fault can be removed reliably and quickly. In the end, the distance protection is applied to the distribution network with DG. The advantages and problems are analyzed, and an example is given to illustrate the influence of DG access on the setting of distance protection. The distributed decision wide area protection mode is applied to the protection of distribution network with DG. The network number and area are divided from the network structure of distribution network with DG. According to the characteristics of fault section current, the fault primary and secondary fault location are carried out. Accurate location and fault removal to achieve distribution network protection. Taking the distribution system with DG as an example, the effectiveness of the scheme and its adaptability to DG switching are illustrated. Finally, the two criteria used in the scheme are simulated and verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM77

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