本文選題：微網(wǎng) + 光伏逆變器　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：微網(wǎng)作為高效利用可再生能源、提高供電可靠性和靈活性的有效方式，是解決當(dāng)前環(huán)境污染、資源短缺等問題的新方法。微網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)運行包括孤島和并網(wǎng)兩種模式，二者的無縫切換是保證負載持續(xù)不間斷供電、改善電能質(zhì)量、提高供電靈活性和可靠性的關(guān)鍵，具有重要的研究意義。本文針對微網(wǎng)的模式切換控制策略展開研究，實現(xiàn)模式切換暫態(tài)過程平滑無沖擊。 設(shè)計了基于交流母線、以光伏為分布式電源的微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)，選取了光伏逆變器的兩級式拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)，，設(shè)計了逆變器參數(shù)，并建立了其數(shù)學(xué)模型。分析了傳統(tǒng)微網(wǎng)控制策略在模式切換時產(chǎn)生沖擊的原因，并提出了微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)新型整體控制策略，其中的光伏逆變器在孤島運行、并網(wǎng)運行和模式切換過程中均采取基于下垂理論的電壓型控制方法，避免了傳統(tǒng)控制策略的強制切換，從根本上抑制暫態(tài)沖擊的產(chǎn)生。 提出了光伏逆變器的孤島控制策略，針對本文微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)低壓電力線的阻抗的特點，采用適用于阻性情況下的下垂方程，保證有功功率和無功功率能夠進行充分的解耦控制，在為整個系統(tǒng)建立穩(wěn)定頻率和電壓的同時為負載可靠供電。提出了光伏逆變器電壓型并網(wǎng)控制策略，對電壓型控制逆變器的并網(wǎng)功率進行了分析，指出下垂控制可用于逆變器并網(wǎng)。在阻性下垂控制的基礎(chǔ)上增加了功率環(huán)和直流母線電壓環(huán)，解決了電壓控制型逆變器并網(wǎng)功率易受電網(wǎng)波動影響等問題，增強了光伏逆變器對功率的控制能力，滿足了始終以最大有功功率并網(wǎng)和維持直流母線電壓穩(wěn)定等要求。最后提出了模式切換控制策略，基于下垂理論實現(xiàn)了預(yù)同步功能，保證了切換過程的平滑過渡。 搭建了系統(tǒng)的仿真模型，分別對所提出的控制策略進行了不同情況下仿真驗證。調(diào)試完成了系統(tǒng)實驗平臺以進一步驗證本文控制策略，實驗結(jié)果表明逆變器能夠分別穩(wěn)定工作于孤島運行模式和并網(wǎng)運行模式，并較好地實現(xiàn)了二者間的無縫切換，保證了切換過程的平滑無沖擊和負載的連續(xù)供電。
[Abstract]:As an effective way to utilize renewable energy efficiently and improve the reliability and flexibility of power supply, microgrid is a new method to solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource shortage.The steady operation of microgrid consists of two modes: island and grid-connected. The seamless switching between them is the key to ensure the continuous uninterrupted power supply, improve the power quality, improve the flexibility and reliability of power supply, and has important research significance.In this paper, the mode switching control strategy of microgrid is studied, and the transient process of mode switching is smooth and impactless.The microgrid system structure based on AC bus and photovoltaic distributed power supply is designed. The two-stage topology structure of photovoltaic inverter is selected and the parameters of inverter are designed and its mathematical model is established.This paper analyzes the causes of the impact of the traditional microgrid control strategy in mode switching, and puts forward a new overall control strategy for the microgrid system, in which the photovoltaic inverter operates on an isolated island.Voltage mode control method based on droop theory is adopted in grid-connected operation and mode switching process, which avoids the forced switching of traditional control strategy and restrains the generation of transient impulse fundamentally.The islanding control strategy of photovoltaic inverter is proposed. According to the characteristics of the impedance of low-voltage power line in the micro-grid system, the droop equation suitable for resistive condition is adopted to ensure that the active power and reactive power can be fully decoupled.The stable frequency and voltage are established for the whole system while the load is supplied reliably.The voltage source grid-connected control strategy of photovoltaic inverter is proposed. The grid-connected power of voltage source control inverter is analyzed. It is pointed out that droop control can be used for grid-connected inverter.On the basis of resistive droop control, the power loop and DC bus voltage loop are added to solve the problem that the grid-connected power of the voltage controlled inverter is easily affected by the power fluctuation of the power grid, and the power control ability of the photovoltaic inverter is enhanced.It meets the requirements of grid connection with maximum active power and maintenance of DC bus voltage stability.Finally, the mode switching control strategy is proposed, and the presynchronization function is realized based on droop theory, which ensures the smooth transition of the switching process.The simulation model of the system is built, and the proposed control strategy is simulated under different conditions.The system experiment platform is completed to further verify the control strategy in this paper. The experimental results show that the inverter can work stably in island operation mode and grid-connected operation mode, and realize the seamless switching between them.Ensure smooth switching process without impact and load of continuous power supply.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM732

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