本文選題：紫外成像法　切入點(diǎn)：電暈放電　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電氣設(shè)備電暈放電會(huì)消耗電能，產(chǎn)生脈沖電磁波對(duì)無(wú)線電和高頻通信產(chǎn)生干擾，其生成的氣體還會(huì)使輸變電設(shè)備表面發(fā)生腐蝕，從而降低設(shè)備的使用壽命。紫外成像法因具有方法簡(jiǎn)單、迅速、形象、直觀地優(yōu)點(diǎn)而得到推廣和應(yīng)用。然而，國(guó)內(nèi)外研究人員由于在試驗(yàn)中所使用儀器、增益、距離、環(huán)境等多種因素，往往引起紫外放電測(cè)試結(jié)果的差異。 本文在人工氣候試驗(yàn)室模擬了不同類型絕緣子放電，分析了儀器、增益、檢測(cè)距離、視角等非設(shè)備故障缺陷因素對(duì)紫外檢測(cè)的影響。研究表明：同一放電條件下，不同廠家、類型的儀器各自具有獨(dú)特的成像規(guī)律和光子數(shù)計(jì)量特性；光子數(shù)隨著增益的增大先增加，到達(dá)峰值后衰減，光子數(shù)與增益之間的關(guān)系要受到距離、放電強(qiáng)度的影響；光子數(shù)與距離之間也具有復(fù)雜的非線性關(guān)系，而且受到增益影響；紫外檢測(cè)視角從正面到側(cè)面，檢測(cè)到的光子數(shù)基本相同。 本文也研究了復(fù)雜外絕緣環(huán)境條件下絕緣子放電紫外成像的特點(diǎn)，揭示了絕緣子在污穢、覆冰、淋雨時(shí)的成像規(guī)律和放電機(jī)理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：絕緣子在污穢條件下放電類型強(qiáng)度受濕度和污穢度影響明顯，染污絕緣子的起暈電壓降低明顯；絕緣子在淋雨?duì)顟B(tài)下起暈電壓下降，有的放電點(diǎn)容易發(fā)生位移，淋雨時(shí)絕緣子傘群邊際聚集的雨滴或雨簾會(huì)使電場(chǎng)發(fā)生畸變，易形成電弧，且有光子受雨水阻隔不能到達(dá)紫外成像儀致使光子數(shù)反而減少的現(xiàn)象；覆冰絕緣子放電受覆冰量影響顯著，覆冰量越重，，冰凌橋接的機(jī)率越大，從而起暈電壓降低，電弧更易形成。 根據(jù)絕緣子放電成像特點(diǎn)和光子數(shù)計(jì)量，把絕緣子放電分為起暈、穩(wěn)定電暈、刷狀放電、電弧放電四個(gè)階段；基于數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)法等相關(guān)圖像處理技術(shù)，使用了“光斑面積”表征放電強(qiáng)度的特征參量，驗(yàn)證了其作為表征放電強(qiáng)度的可行性。 本文研究結(jié)果對(duì)完善紫外成像檢測(cè)電暈規(guī)程和實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用具有重要的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Corona discharge of electrical equipment will consume electric energy, produce pulse electromagnetic wave to interfere with radio and high frequency communication, and make the surface of transmission and transformer equipment corrode by the gas generated by the corona discharge. The ultraviolet imaging method has been popularized and applied because of its simple, rapid, visual and visual advantages. However, because of the instrument, gain and distance used in the experiment, the ultraviolet imaging method has been popularized and applied at home and abroad because of its advantages of simplicity, rapidity, image and intuition. Many factors, such as environment, often cause the difference of ultraviolet discharge test results. In this paper, different types of insulator discharge are simulated in the artificial climate laboratory, and the influence of non-equipment fault defect factors, such as instrument, gain, detection distance and angle of view, on UV detection is analyzed. The results show that: under the same discharge condition, different manufacturers, Each type of instrument has its own unique imaging law and photon number metrology characteristics, the photon number increases first with the increase of gain, and then attenuates after reaching the peak value, the relationship between photon number and gain is affected by distance and discharge intensity. There is also a complex nonlinear relationship between photon number and distance, which is affected by gain, and the number of photons detected is basically the same from front to side. In this paper, the characteristics of discharge ultraviolet imaging of insulators under complex external insulation environment are also studied, and it is revealed that insulators are polluted and iced. It is found that the intensity of discharge type of insulator is obviously affected by humidity and pollution degree, the corona voltage of contaminated insulator decreases obviously, and the corona voltage of insulator decreases under the condition of rain. Some of the discharge points are prone to displacements, the raindrops or rain curtains gathered at the edge of the insulator umbrella group in the rain will distort the electric field and easily form an electric arc, and there is a phenomenon that photons can not reach the ultraviolet imager by Rain Water and the number of photons will decrease instead. The discharge of icing insulator is significantly affected by the amount of ice. The heavier the amount of ice is, the greater the probability of bridging ice is, and the lower the corona voltage is, the easier the arc will form. According to the characteristics of insulator discharge imaging and photon number measurement, the insulator discharge is divided into four stages: halo, stable corona, brush discharge and arc discharge. The characteristic parameter of "spot area" is used to characterize the discharge intensity, and the feasibility of using it to characterize the discharge intensity is verified. The results of this paper have important reference value for improving the rules of corona detection by ultraviolet imaging and practical engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM216

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