【摘要】：在山嶺隧道進(jìn)出口段及城市軌道交通隧道中,多為淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道,其水文地質(zhì)條件差,埋深淺,巖土體自穩(wěn)能力差,抗擾動(dòng)能力弱,甚至存在隧道下穿或緊鄰其它既有建筑物、構(gòu)筑物等現(xiàn)象,一旦工程措施(包括設(shè)計(jì)措施)和施工方法不當(dāng),將極易發(fā)生初期支護(hù)變形侵限,甚至隧道坍方等工程事故,這些問(wèn)題亟待解決。本文以廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道淺埋軟弱圍巖段工程實(shí)踐為依托工程,綜合應(yīng)用理論計(jì)算、有限元數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)等手段,進(jìn)行了如下研究:(1)分析總結(jié)了有限元在隧道工程中的應(yīng)用,應(yīng)用解析公式法分析圓形隧道圍巖應(yīng)力狀態(tài),得到了彈性條件下及彈塑性條件下圓形隧道的應(yīng)力解析解,分析了各個(gè)相應(yīng)指標(biāo)和塑性區(qū)半徑大小的關(guān)系。(2)運(yùn)用有限元數(shù)值模擬的方法研究分析了淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道力學(xué)特征及變形特征,重點(diǎn)對(duì)比分析了淺埋軟弱V級(jí)圍巖隧道施工過(guò)程中“掌子面前方超前變形”、“掌子面變形”、“掌子面后方變形”的比例關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)在超前變形中拱頂沉降最為顯著,拱頂處的超前預(yù)加固及預(yù)支護(hù)有重要的意義。(3)運(yùn)用有限元數(shù)值模擬分析的方法,選取三種典型淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道,分別采用CRD法、CD法、預(yù)留核心土臺(tái)階法及臺(tái)階法,以及有無(wú)超前支護(hù)措施,重點(diǎn)對(duì)比分析有、無(wú)超前預(yù)加固措施應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和位移場(chǎng)的變化,驗(yàn)證了超前預(yù)加固措施是控制淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道結(jié)構(gòu)及其圍巖變形的有效措施之一,并通過(guò)有限指標(biāo)的定量比較,得出三種淺埋軟弱圍巖,四種不同施工方法、一種超前預(yù)加固措施的適應(yīng)性。(4)依托廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道淺埋軟弱圍巖段的工程實(shí)踐,運(yùn)用有限元數(shù)值方法,模擬分析其采用超前小導(dǎo)管注漿預(yù)加固留核心土臺(tái)階法施工過(guò)程,總結(jié)分析其應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變、位移變化規(guī)律,得到其支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的安全系數(shù)均在安全范圍內(nèi),驗(yàn)證了其安全性。(5)對(duì)廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)研究,對(duì)其監(jiān)控量測(cè)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理和回歸分析研究,并對(duì)比分析現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控量測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)處理結(jié)果與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,結(jié)果表明數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控量測(cè)結(jié)果較吻合。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說(shuō)明：淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道發(fā)生工程事故圖
[Abstract]:In the entrance and exit section of Shanling tunnel and urban rail transit tunnel, most of them are shallow buried weak surrounding rock tunnels, whose hydrogeological conditions are poor, buried depth is shallow, rock and soil self-stability ability is poor, anti-disturbance ability is weak, and there are even phenomena such as passing through or adjacent to other existing buildings and structures under the tunnel. Once the engineering measures (including design measures) and construction methods are improper, the initial support deformation will easily occur. Even tunnel collapse and other engineering accidents, these problems need to be solved urgently. Based on the engineering practice of shallow soft surrounding rock section of Daling head tunnel on Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi, this paper makes the following research by means of theoretical calculation, finite element numerical simulation and field measurement: (1) the application of finite element method in tunnel engineering is analyzed and summarized, and the stress state of surrounding rock of circular tunnel is analyzed by analytical formula method. The analytical solution of stress of circular tunnel under elastic condition and elastic-plastic condition is obtained, and the relationship between each index and the radius of plastic zone is analyzed. (2) the mechanical characteristics and deformation characteristics of shallow soft surrounding rock tunnel are studied and analyzed by using finite element numerical simulation method, and the "ahead deformation in front of palm face" and "deformation in front of palm surface" in the construction process of shallow soft V class surrounding rock tunnel are compared and analyzed. The proportional relationship of "deformation behind the palm surface" shows that the settlement of the arch roof is the most significant in the advance deformation, and the advance pre-reinforcement and pre-support at the arch roof are of great significance. (3) by using the finite element numerical simulation analysis method, three typical shallow surrounding rock tunnels are selected, using CRD method, CD method, reserved core soil step method and step method, as well as the existence of advance support measures, with emphasis on comparative analysis. Without the change of stress field and displacement field of pre-reinforcement measures, it is verified that the pre-reinforcement measure is one of the effective measures to control the deformation of shallow soft surrounding rock tunnel structure and its surrounding rock. Through the quantitative comparison of finite indexes, three kinds of shallow soft surrounding rock and four different construction methods are obtained. A kind of adaptability of advance pre-reinforcement measures. (4) based on the engineering practice of shallow soft surrounding rock section of Daling head tunnel of Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi, the construction process of retaining core soil step method by using finite element numerical method is simulated and analyzed, and the variation laws of stress, strain and displacement are summarized and analyzed, and the safety factors of its supporting structure are all in the safe range. The safety of the tunnel is verified. (5) the field measurement of Daling head tunnel of Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi is carried out, the data of monitoring and measurement are processed and analyzed by regression analysis, and the data processing results of field monitoring and measurement are compared with the results of numerical simulation. The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the results of field monitoring and measurement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U455.4

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