【摘要】：在山嶺隧道進出口段及城市軌道交通隧道中,多為淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道,其水文地質條件差,埋深淺,巖土體自穩(wěn)能力差,抗擾動能力弱,甚至存在隧道下穿或緊鄰其它既有建筑物、構筑物等現(xiàn)象,一旦工程措施(包括設計措施)和施工方法不當,將極易發(fā)生初期支護變形侵限,甚至隧道坍方等工程事故,這些問題亟待解決。本文以廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道淺埋軟弱圍巖段工程實踐為依托工程,綜合應用理論計算、有限元數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場實測等手段,進行了如下研究:(1)分析總結了有限元在隧道工程中的應用,應用解析公式法分析圓形隧道圍巖應力狀態(tài),得到了彈性條件下及彈塑性條件下圓形隧道的應力解析解,分析了各個相應指標和塑性區(qū)半徑大小的關系。(2)運用有限元數(shù)值模擬的方法研究分析了淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道力學特征及變形特征,重點對比分析了淺埋軟弱V級圍巖隧道施工過程中“掌子面前方超前變形”、“掌子面變形”、“掌子面后方變形”的比例關系,發(fā)現(xiàn)在超前變形中拱頂沉降最為顯著,拱頂處的超前預加固及預支護有重要的意義。(3)運用有限元數(shù)值模擬分析的方法,選取三種典型淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道,分別采用CRD法、CD法、預留核心土臺階法及臺階法,以及有無超前支護措施,重點對比分析有、無超前預加固措施應力場和位移場的變化,驗證了超前預加固措施是控制淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道結構及其圍巖變形的有效措施之一,并通過有限指標的定量比較,得出三種淺埋軟弱圍巖,四種不同施工方法、一種超前預加固措施的適應性。(4)依托廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道淺埋軟弱圍巖段的工程實踐,運用有限元數(shù)值方法,模擬分析其采用超前小導管注漿預加固留核心土臺階法施工過程,總結分析其應力、應變、位移變化規(guī)律,得到其支護結構的安全系數(shù)均在安全范圍內,驗證了其安全性。(5)對廣西永賀高速公路大嶺頭隧道進行現(xiàn)場實測研究,對其監(jiān)控量測的數(shù)據(jù)進行處理和回歸分析研究,并對比分析現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控量測數(shù)據(jù)處理結果與數(shù)值模擬結果,結果表明數(shù)值模擬結果與現(xiàn)場監(jiān)控量測結果較吻合。
文內圖片：
圖片說明：淺埋軟弱圍巖隧道發(fā)生工程事故圖
[Abstract]:In the entrance and exit section of Shanling tunnel and urban rail transit tunnel, most of them are shallow buried weak surrounding rock tunnels, whose hydrogeological conditions are poor, buried depth is shallow, rock and soil self-stability ability is poor, anti-disturbance ability is weak, and there are even phenomena such as passing through or adjacent to other existing buildings and structures under the tunnel. Once the engineering measures (including design measures) and construction methods are improper, the initial support deformation will easily occur. Even tunnel collapse and other engineering accidents, these problems need to be solved urgently. Based on the engineering practice of shallow soft surrounding rock section of Daling head tunnel on Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi, this paper makes the following research by means of theoretical calculation, finite element numerical simulation and field measurement: (1) the application of finite element method in tunnel engineering is analyzed and summarized, and the stress state of surrounding rock of circular tunnel is analyzed by analytical formula method. The analytical solution of stress of circular tunnel under elastic condition and elastic-plastic condition is obtained, and the relationship between each index and the radius of plastic zone is analyzed. (2) the mechanical characteristics and deformation characteristics of shallow soft surrounding rock tunnel are studied and analyzed by using finite element numerical simulation method, and the "ahead deformation in front of palm face" and "deformation in front of palm surface" in the construction process of shallow soft V class surrounding rock tunnel are compared and analyzed. The proportional relationship of "deformation behind the palm surface" shows that the settlement of the arch roof is the most significant in the advance deformation, and the advance pre-reinforcement and pre-support at the arch roof are of great significance. (3) by using the finite element numerical simulation analysis method, three typical shallow surrounding rock tunnels are selected, using CRD method, CD method, reserved core soil step method and step method, as well as the existence of advance support measures, with emphasis on comparative analysis. Without the change of stress field and displacement field of pre-reinforcement measures, it is verified that the pre-reinforcement measure is one of the effective measures to control the deformation of shallow soft surrounding rock tunnel structure and its surrounding rock. Through the quantitative comparison of finite indexes, three kinds of shallow soft surrounding rock and four different construction methods are obtained. A kind of adaptability of advance pre-reinforcement measures. (4) based on the engineering practice of shallow soft surrounding rock section of Daling head tunnel of Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi, the construction process of retaining core soil step method by using finite element numerical method is simulated and analyzed, and the variation laws of stress, strain and displacement are summarized and analyzed, and the safety factors of its supporting structure are all in the safe range. The safety of the tunnel is verified. (5) the field measurement of Daling head tunnel of Yonghe Expressway in Guangxi is carried out, the data of monitoring and measurement are processed and analyzed by regression analysis, and the data processing results of field monitoring and measurement are compared with the results of numerical simulation. The results show that the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the results of field monitoring and measurement.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U455.4

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