車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下乘用車節(jié)能隊列研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-04 10:17
【摘要】：汽車工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,在給人們帶來生活便利的同時,也導致了交通擁堵、能源短缺、環(huán)境污染等一系列問題;科學技術(shù)的進步,使車聯(lián)網(wǎng)成為了國際智能交通領(lǐng)域的新熱點,引領(lǐng)了智能交通發(fā)展的方向,這也促使人—車—路—環(huán)境系統(tǒng)向信息化、智能化、環(huán)�；较虬l(fā)展。相關(guān)研究表明,采用隊列行駛模式不僅可以大大提高道路通行能力,減少交通事故的發(fā)生,還能減少燃油消耗和尾氣排放,在提高道路交通安全水平的同時帶來了節(jié)能環(huán)保效益。因此,本文采用數(shù)值模擬方法對車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下乘用車節(jié)能隊列進行了深入研究。本文以車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境為研究背景,采用隊列行駛模式對乘用車進行節(jié)能研究,研究采用Driv Aer汽車模型進行空氣動力特性分析,該模型不同于高度簡化的Ahmed模型和SAE模型,使得試驗結(jié)果更接近實際情況。選用XFlow軟件進行數(shù)值模擬仿真試驗,從空間離散方式、湍流模型選擇和數(shù)值算法選擇三個層面對該CFD仿真軟件的主要特點進行了闡述,從介觀動理學模型、格子玻爾茲曼方法和大渦模擬法對其基本理論基礎進行了介紹。本文假設在車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下進行理想的試驗研究,即車間有良好的通訊且忽略車輛操作延誤等因素干擾,首先研究汽車外形對隊列行駛的影響,因為道路上行駛的汽車種類繁多,車身形狀各不相同,所以選取三種比較有代表性的車身外形:直背式、階背式、快背式Driv Aer汽車模型進行試驗研究,所選擇的三種Driv Aer模型除尾部形狀結(jié)構(gòu)不同外,前端幾何形狀完全相同。試驗分別針對單車、兩車隊列進行仿真,通過對單車和兩車隊列速度場、壓力場的比較分析,揭示了汽車隊列行駛的減阻機理。研究結(jié)果表明,三種汽車模型隊列行駛時的尾流場并不相同,但隊列行駛的減阻機理是一致的:隊列行駛時前車尾部的渦流與后車流場之間相互影響,后車流場的存在使前車的尾渦區(qū)域稍有減小,前車流場的“屏蔽”作用使后車頭部正壓區(qū)明顯減小,使后車的尾渦強度降低,所以隊列行駛兩車的氣動阻力都減小。在此研究的基礎上選用階背式Driv Aer汽車模型研究車間距對隊列行駛的影響,設定仿真速度恒為22m/s,在0L~3L(L:車身長度)之間選取11種車間距,針對兩車、三車隊列進行數(shù)值仿真試驗,并對0.5L、1L、3L三種車間距下的兩車、三車隊列汽車外流場速度場和壓力場分別進行了分析,得到了兩車、三車隊列氣動阻力與車間距的關(guān)系曲線和節(jié)油率與車間距的關(guān)系曲線。本文選用階背式Driv Aer汽車模型進一步研究車速對隊列行駛的影響,設定車間距為1L,采用兩車隊列在60km/h~120km/h之間選取了7種車速進行數(shù)值仿真試驗,并對16m/s、22m/s和34m/s三種車速下的單車和兩車隊列的壓力場進行了分析,得到了節(jié)油率隨車速變化的關(guān)系曲線。本文研究為車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下汽車隊列行駛提供了理論依據(jù),為以后的相關(guān)研究工作提供了方法基礎。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of automobile industry not only brings convenience to people, but also leads to a series of problems, such as traffic congestion, energy shortage, environmental pollution and so on. With the progress of science and technology, the automobile networking has become a new hot spot in the field of international intelligent transportation, leading the development direction of intelligent transportation, which also promotes the development of man-car-road-environment system to the direction of information, intelligence and environmental protection. The related research shows that the queue driving mode can not only greatly improve the road capacity, reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, but also reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. At the same time, it brings energy saving and environmental protection benefits while improving the level of road traffic safety. Therefore, in this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the energy saving queue of passenger vehicles in the environment of vehicle networking. In this paper, based on the vehicle networking environment, the queue driving mode is used to study the energy saving of passenger vehicles, and the Driv Aer vehicle model is used to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of passenger cars. This model is different from the highly simplified Ahmed model and SAE model. It makes the test results closer to the actual situation. The XFlow software is used to carry out the numerical simulation experiment. The main characteristics of the CFD simulation software are described from three aspects: spatial discretization mode, turbulence model selection and numerical algorithm selection. From the mesoscopic kinetic model, The basic theoretical basis of lattice Boltzmann method and large vortex simulation method is introduced. In this paper, it is assumed that an ideal experimental study is carried out in the environment of vehicle networking, that is, the workshop has good communication and neglects the interference of vehicle operation delay and other factors. Firstly, the influence of vehicle shape on queue driving is studied, because there are many kinds of vehicles driving on the road. The shape of the body is different, so three representative body shapes are selected: straight back, step back and fast back Driv Aer vehicle models. The three Driv Aer models are selected except for the different tail shape and structure. The geometry of the front end is exactly the same. The experiments are carried out to simulate the speed field and pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue, and the drag reduction mechanism of automobile queue is revealed by comparing and analyzing the speed field and pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue. The results show that the wake flow field of the three vehicle models is not the same, but the drag reduction mechanism of the queue is the same: the vortex at the end of the front car and the flow field of the rear vehicle interact with each other when the queue is running. The existence of the rear vehicle flow field makes the wake vortex area of the front car slightly decrease, and the "shielding" effect of the front vehicle flow field obviously reduces the positive pressure area of the rear car head, and reduces the wake vortex intensity of the rear car, so the pneumatic resistance of the two vehicles in the queue is reduced. On the basis of this study, the step back Driv Aer automobile model is selected to study the influence of workshop distance on queue driving. The simulation speed is set to be 22 m / s, and 11 kinds of workshop distances are selected between 0L~3L (L: body length). For two cars, The numerical simulation experiment of the three-car queue is carried out, and the velocity field and pressure field of the external flow field of the three-car queue at the distance of 0.5L, 1L and 3L are analyzed respectively, and the two cars are obtained. The relationship curve between the pneumatic resistance of the three-car queue and the workshop distance and the relationship curve between the fuel saving rate and the workshop distance. In this paper, the back Driv Aer vehicle model is selected to further study the influence of speed on queue driving, and the workshop distance is set to 1L. Seven kinds of vehicle speeds are selected between 60km/h~120km/h by using two car lines to carry out numerical simulation experiments, and 16 m / s is used to carry out numerical simulation experiments. The pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue at three speeds of 22m/s and 34m/s is analyzed, and the relationship curve of fuel saving rate with speed is obtained. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the driving of automobile queue in the environment of vehicle networking, and provides a methodological basis for the related research work in the future.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491
[Abstract]:The rapid development of automobile industry not only brings convenience to people, but also leads to a series of problems, such as traffic congestion, energy shortage, environmental pollution and so on. With the progress of science and technology, the automobile networking has become a new hot spot in the field of international intelligent transportation, leading the development direction of intelligent transportation, which also promotes the development of man-car-road-environment system to the direction of information, intelligence and environmental protection. The related research shows that the queue driving mode can not only greatly improve the road capacity, reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, but also reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. At the same time, it brings energy saving and environmental protection benefits while improving the level of road traffic safety. Therefore, in this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the energy saving queue of passenger vehicles in the environment of vehicle networking. In this paper, based on the vehicle networking environment, the queue driving mode is used to study the energy saving of passenger vehicles, and the Driv Aer vehicle model is used to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of passenger cars. This model is different from the highly simplified Ahmed model and SAE model. It makes the test results closer to the actual situation. The XFlow software is used to carry out the numerical simulation experiment. The main characteristics of the CFD simulation software are described from three aspects: spatial discretization mode, turbulence model selection and numerical algorithm selection. From the mesoscopic kinetic model, The basic theoretical basis of lattice Boltzmann method and large vortex simulation method is introduced. In this paper, it is assumed that an ideal experimental study is carried out in the environment of vehicle networking, that is, the workshop has good communication and neglects the interference of vehicle operation delay and other factors. Firstly, the influence of vehicle shape on queue driving is studied, because there are many kinds of vehicles driving on the road. The shape of the body is different, so three representative body shapes are selected: straight back, step back and fast back Driv Aer vehicle models. The three Driv Aer models are selected except for the different tail shape and structure. The geometry of the front end is exactly the same. The experiments are carried out to simulate the speed field and pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue, and the drag reduction mechanism of automobile queue is revealed by comparing and analyzing the speed field and pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue. The results show that the wake flow field of the three vehicle models is not the same, but the drag reduction mechanism of the queue is the same: the vortex at the end of the front car and the flow field of the rear vehicle interact with each other when the queue is running. The existence of the rear vehicle flow field makes the wake vortex area of the front car slightly decrease, and the "shielding" effect of the front vehicle flow field obviously reduces the positive pressure area of the rear car head, and reduces the wake vortex intensity of the rear car, so the pneumatic resistance of the two vehicles in the queue is reduced. On the basis of this study, the step back Driv Aer automobile model is selected to study the influence of workshop distance on queue driving. The simulation speed is set to be 22 m / s, and 11 kinds of workshop distances are selected between 0L~3L (L: body length). For two cars, The numerical simulation experiment of the three-car queue is carried out, and the velocity field and pressure field of the external flow field of the three-car queue at the distance of 0.5L, 1L and 3L are analyzed respectively, and the two cars are obtained. The relationship curve between the pneumatic resistance of the three-car queue and the workshop distance and the relationship curve between the fuel saving rate and the workshop distance. In this paper, the back Driv Aer vehicle model is selected to further study the influence of speed on queue driving, and the workshop distance is set to 1L. Seven kinds of vehicle speeds are selected between 60km/h~120km/h by using two car lines to carry out numerical simulation experiments, and 16 m / s is used to carry out numerical simulation experiments. The pressure field of bicycle and two-car queue at three speeds of 22m/s and 34m/s is analyzed, and the relationship curve of fuel saving rate with speed is obtained. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the driving of automobile queue in the environment of vehicle networking, and provides a methodological basis for the related research work in the future.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 柳獻初;平均風環(huán)境氣動阻力系數(shù)[J];重型汽車;2002年02期
2 包海濤;;基于動網(wǎng)格技術(shù)的汽車氣動阻力系數(shù)數(shù)值模擬[J];拖拉機與農(nóng)用運輸車;2008年06期
3 紀峻嶺,趙致寬,潘可耕;氣動阻力對燃料經(jīng)濟性的影響[J];交通科技與經(jīng)濟;2000年03期
4 吳志剛,魏琪,加藤征三,竹森洋平,柏康弘;導流翼片的傾角和長度在降低大后壁車輛氣動阻力中的作用[J];汽車工程;2003年06期
5 吳志剛,魏琪,加藤征三,竹森洋平,柏康弘,水谷貴志,山本健太;利用多個導流裝置降低大后壁車輛氣動阻力的實驗研究[J];實驗力學;2004年02期
6 宗葉玲;康寧;;直背式轎車加速行駛氣動阻力的計算[J];航空動力學報;2008年07期
7 張英朝;李杰;張U，
本文編號：2492657
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/daoluqiaoliang/2492657.html
