【摘要】：隨著社會和經(jīng)濟的迅速發(fā)展,在西方城市化過程中發(fā)生的交通擁擠、堵塞等問題也開始在我國各大城市中出現(xiàn),城市老城區(qū)的道路交通問題更是成為城市交通問題中的難點,如果得不到有效解決和根本治理,必將制約城市的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代化進程。單向交通管理措施是一種經(jīng)濟、有效的交通管制措施,能夠有效緩解城市交通擁擠,充分利用現(xiàn)有城市道路網(wǎng)容量。因此,針對城市老城區(qū)微循環(huán)路網(wǎng)的交通特征,尋求合理單向交通組織方式對提高交通運行質(zhì)量具有重大意義。本文依托《北太平莊街道交通組織優(yōu)化》課題,對項目中主要負責的單向交通組織優(yōu)化部分進行了拓展和延伸。論文主要工作體現(xiàn)在:(1)明確了老城區(qū)、微循環(huán)路網(wǎng)、單向交通三者的概念,并從老城區(qū)的交通特性出發(fā),分析了在微循環(huán)路網(wǎng)設置單向交通的必要性,細致歸納了單向交通的網(wǎng)絡模式特性、組織辦法以及優(yōu)勢和不利影響,重點為單向交通定向提供了分析思路。同時提出了一套較為系統(tǒng)、完整的單向交通組織優(yōu)化方案設計流程,為優(yōu)化方案的提出提供基礎理論支撐。(2)以實地調(diào)研與交通調(diào)查成果為基礎,介紹了北京市北太平莊南部片區(qū)的基本情況,包括區(qū)域交通問題、路網(wǎng)格局、路段交通量及空間分布情況等。同時,在道路通行能力折減中考慮了老城區(qū)復雜道路交通環(huán)境的影響,得到了現(xiàn)狀路網(wǎng)的各道路路段飽和度及道路服務水平,并分析比較了早晚高峰交通流的空間分布,為優(yōu)化方案的提出提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐。(3)綜合考慮北太平莊南部片區(qū)的實際情況,從路網(wǎng)形態(tài)、道路條件、交通需求以及公共交通四方面分析了單向交通組織在該區(qū)域的適應性,并從交通矛盾突出的支路和各具特點的胡同路兩方面入手,提出設置單向路段備選集,最后形成與區(qū)域路網(wǎng)和交通特征相適應的單向交通組織優(yōu)化方案。(4)利用TransCAD對優(yōu)化方案效果進行模擬分析,從路段交通量、飽和度分布、道路服務水平改善、路段行程時間、繞行距離的角度對方案進行宏觀角度的效果評價,最終得出結(jié)論:該方案實現(xiàn)了路網(wǎng)流量的均衡化,疏解了擁堵路段,同時未對周邊道路增加過多交通負荷,即單向交通組織優(yōu)化方案為合理、可行的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society and economy, the problems of traffic congestion and congestion in the process of urbanization in the West have also begun to appear in the major cities of our country, and the road traffic problem in the old urban areas has become a difficult point in the urban traffic problems. If there is no effective solution and fundamental governance, the economic development and modernization process of the city will be restricted. One-way traffic management measure is an economic and effective traffic control measure, which can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and make full use of the capacity of the existing urban road network. Therefore, according to the traffic characteristics of microcirculatory road network in the old urban area, it is of great significance to find a reasonable one-way traffic organization to improve the quality of traffic operation. Based on the subject of Beipingzhuang Street Traffic Organization Optimization, this paper expands and extends the one-way traffic organization optimization part which is mainly responsible for the project. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the concepts of old urban area, microcirculatory network and one-way traffic are clarified, and the necessity of setting up one-way traffic in microcirculatory road network is analyzed according to the traffic characteristics of the old urban area. The network mode characteristics, organization methods, advantages and disadvantages of one-way traffic are summarized in detail, with emphasis on the analysis of one-way traffic orientation. At the same time, a set of systematic and complete design flow of one-way traffic organization optimization scheme is put forward, which provides basic theory support for the optimization scheme. (2) based on the results of field investigation and traffic investigation, This paper introduces the basic situation of the southern area of Beipingzhuang in Beijing, including regional traffic problems, road network pattern, road section traffic volume and spatial distribution. At the same time, the influence of complex road traffic environment in the old urban area is considered in the reduction of road capacity, the saturation and road service level of each road section of the current road network are obtained, and the spatial distribution of morning and evening peak traffic flow is analyzed and compared. It provides data support for the proposal of the optimization scheme. (3) considering the actual situation in the southern part of Beipingzhuang, from the shape of the road network and the road conditions, This paper analyzes the adaptability of one-way traffic organization in this area from four aspects of traffic demand and public transport, and puts forward the alternative collection of one-way road section from two aspects: the branch road with prominent traffic contradiction and the Hutong road with its own characteristics. Finally, a one-way traffic organization optimization scheme suitable for regional road network and traffic characteristics is formed. (4) the effect of the optimization scheme is simulated and analyzed by using TransCAD, and the traffic volume, saturation distribution and road service level are improved. The macroscopic effect of the scheme is evaluated from the angle of travel time and detour distance. Finally, it is concluded that the scheme realizes the balance of road network flow, relieves the congested road section, and does not increase the traffic load on the surrounding road at the same time. That is, the optimization scheme of one-way traffic organization is reasonable and feasible.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491

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本文編號：2488122