【摘要】：協(xié)同裝卸作業(yè)能夠有效提高集卡和岸橋的利用效率,單作業(yè)循環(huán)減少設(shè)備50%的空載運(yùn)行成本,因此該理論在大型港口的集卡路徑優(yōu)化、集裝箱同貝位同步裝卸和堆碼序列等問題上得到了廣泛的研究。但中小型港口堆場布局簡單,不涉及復(fù)雜的集卡調(diào)度和路徑選擇,�？看拜^小,不適合進(jìn)行同貝位同步裝卸,因此該理論在中小型港口中的應(yīng)用一直較少。近年來國際經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢嚴(yán)峻,在外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)向內(nèi)向型經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變的過程當(dāng)中,內(nèi)河的中小型港口發(fā)展在政策上得到了更多的關(guān)注,但是目前,絕大多數(shù)內(nèi)河港口的作業(yè)調(diào)度仍然依靠人工進(jìn)行,設(shè)備尤其是集卡的利用率較低,作業(yè)成本居高不下。而內(nèi)河港口的這種情況恰與協(xié)同裝卸理論的應(yīng)用背景相吻合。因此,本文根據(jù)我國南方某重要的內(nèi)河港口Q港的實(shí)際情況和作業(yè)特點(diǎn),在其集裝箱碼頭的作業(yè)調(diào)度上引入了協(xié)同裝卸理論,并將該理論延伸到了泊位分配領(lǐng)域,提出了基于協(xié)同裝卸率最高的調(diào)度優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型,以計(jì)算集裝箱船舶的靠泊序列和時間序列；然后設(shè)計(jì)了改進(jìn)的遺傳算法,采用了可變懲罰優(yōu)化和基于滑動窗口的交叉算子,確保了算法的收斂效率和結(jié)果的質(zhì)量；隨后根據(jù)對Q港的實(shí)地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),考慮模型的通用性,基于面向?qū)ο蠓椒?gòu)建出Q港集裝箱碼頭作業(yè)調(diào)度系統(tǒng)仿真模型。本文最后將兩則實(shí)際算例應(yīng)用于數(shù)學(xué)模型和仿真模型,經(jīng)過對計(jì)算結(jié)果和運(yùn)行結(jié)果的分析比對,發(fā)現(xiàn)新的調(diào)度優(yōu)化方法相比于原先的先到先服務(wù)和獨(dú)立裝卸作業(yè),具有提高協(xié)同裝卸率、降低集卡空駛距離、節(jié)約燃油成本、加強(qiáng)設(shè)備集中使用、減少港內(nèi)交通流量、緩解系統(tǒng)瓶頸等諸多優(yōu)勢。同時新的優(yōu)化方法也將協(xié)同裝卸理論的研究延伸到了泊位分配領(lǐng)域,給內(nèi)河港口提供了應(yīng)用協(xié)同裝卸作業(yè)理論的抓手。
[Abstract]:Cooperative loading and unloading operation can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of card collection and shore bridge, and reduce the no-load operation cost by 50% of the equipment cycle, so the theory can optimize the card collection path in large ports. The synchronous loading and unloading of containers with shellfish position and stacking sequence have been widely studied. However, the layout of small and medium-sized port yard is simple, which does not involve complex card scheduling and path selection, and the docking ship is small, so it is not suitable for synchronous loading and unloading with shellfish position, so the application of this theory in small and medium-sized ports has been less. In recent years, the international economic situation is grim. In the process of the transformation from export-oriented economy to introverted economy, the development of small and medium-sized ports in inland rivers has received more attention in policy, but at present, The operation scheduling of most inland waterway ports still depends on labor, the utilization rate of equipment, especially the collection card is low, and the activity cost is high. This situation of inland waterway port coincides with the application background of cooperative loading and unloading theory. Therefore, according to the actual situation and operation characteristics of Q port, an important inland river port in the south of China, this paper introduces the cooperative loading and unloading theory into the operation scheduling of its container terminal, and extends the theory to the field of berth allocation. A mathematical model of scheduling optimization based on the highest cooperative loading and unloading rate is proposed to calculate the berthing sequence and time series of container ships. Then an improved genetic algorithm is designed, which adopts variable penalty optimization and cross operator based on sliding window to ensure the convergence efficiency of the algorithm and the quality of the results. Then, according to the field investigation data of Q port and considering the generality of the model, the simulation model of Q port container terminal operation scheduling system is constructed based on object-oriented method. At the end of this paper, two practical examples are applied to the mathematical model and the simulation model. Through the analysis and comparison between the calculated results and the operation results, it is found that the new scheduling optimization method is compared with the original first-come-first-served and independent loading and unloading operations. It has many advantages, such as improving the cooperative loading and unloading rate, reducing the empty driving distance of the card, saving fuel cost, strengthening the centralized use of equipment, reducing the traffic flow in the port, alleviating the bottleneck of the system and so on. At the same time, the new optimization method also extends the research of collaborative loading and unloading theory to the field of berth allocation, which provides a starting point for inland waterway ports to apply the theory of collaborative loading and unloading.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U691.3

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