【摘要】：懸索橋利用了索結(jié)構(gòu)抗拉強(qiáng)度高的特點(diǎn),適用于建造超大跨度的橋梁。但是,連接主纜與加勁梁的吊索存在長(zhǎng)細(xì)比大和阻尼小的特征,對(duì)風(fēng)荷載敏感。在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)中發(fā)現(xiàn),在懸索橋橋塔附近長(zhǎng)度較大吊索在風(fēng)作用下會(huì)發(fā)生大幅值振動(dòng),導(dǎo)致各股吊索發(fā)生碰撞。因此,研究橋塔附近長(zhǎng)吊索的風(fēng)致振動(dòng)特征與致振機(jī)理,將為吊索的減振提供理論依據(jù)。本文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:第一,吊點(diǎn)及其周圍流場(chǎng)與吊索的振動(dòng)密切相關(guān),首先要研究橋塔周圍流場(chǎng)特征。建立無吊索的橋塔繞流CFD模型,并監(jiān)測(cè)吊點(diǎn)處風(fēng)速。通過分析不同風(fēng)向角下橋塔的氣動(dòng)力與吊點(diǎn)處風(fēng)速的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)吊點(diǎn)處風(fēng)速與橋塔氣動(dòng)力的頻率主導(dǎo)成分基本相同。第二,取橋塔附近兩組吊索研究其風(fēng)致振動(dòng)的影響因素。吊索的振動(dòng)由橋塔尾流、吊索相互干擾、碰撞共同作用,振動(dòng)情況較復(fù)雜。利用動(dòng)網(wǎng)格方法來控制吊索周圍網(wǎng)格的變形與重構(gòu),通過“用戶自定義函數(shù)”來控制吊索的振動(dòng)及碰撞。當(dāng)橋塔旋渦脫落頻率與吊索的固有頻率接近時(shí),吊索將發(fā)生共振。在不同風(fēng)向角下,橋塔尾流將一直影響第一組吊索的運(yùn)動(dòng),吊索相互干擾作用對(duì)第二組吊索的作用更強(qiáng)烈。最后,根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果預(yù)測(cè)了三維吊索在橋塔尾流中的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況。第三,嘗試在吊索外設(shè)置多孔套環(huán)來抑制吊索在橋塔尾流區(qū)的振動(dòng)。吊索套環(huán)上的氣孔沿圓周均勻布置,以適應(yīng)不同的來流方向。當(dāng)?shù)跛鞯倪\(yùn)動(dòng)劇烈時(shí),從套環(huán)氣孔中吹出的氣流速度較大,可以減小吊索尾流寬度,從而降低吊索的阻力。套環(huán)對(duì)吊索的橫風(fēng)向振動(dòng)也由一定的削弱作用。
[Abstract]:The suspension bridge makes use of the high tensile strength of the cable structure and is suitable for the construction of large span bridges. However, the sling cable connecting the main cable and the stiffened beam has the characteristics of large slenderness ratio and small damping, which is sensitive to wind load. In the field monitoring, it is found that the large length sling near the suspension bridge tower will vibrate with large amplitude under the action of wind, which will lead to the collision of each sling cable. Therefore, the study of wind-induced vibration characteristics and vibration mechanism of long sling near the bridge tower will provide a theoretical basis for the vibration reduction of sling. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, the flow field around the suspension point and its surroundings is closely related to the vibration of the sling cable. First, the characteristics of the flow field around the bridge tower should be studied. The CFD model of bridge tower flow around the tower without sling is established, and the wind speed at the hoisting point is monitored. By analyzing the relationship between the aerodynamics of the bridge tower and the wind speed at the hoisting point under different wind direction angles, it is found that the frequency dominant components of the wind speed at the hanging point are basically the same as those of the tower. Secondly, two groups of sling near the bridge tower are taken to study the influencing factors of wind-induced vibration. The vibration of the sling is complicated by the wake of the bridge tower, the interference and collision of the sling. The dynamic grid method is used to control the deformation and reconstruction of the grid around the sling, and the vibration and collision of the sling are controlled by "user-defined function". When the vortex shedding frequency of the bridge tower is close to the natural frequency of the sling, the sling will resonate. Under different wind direction angles, the wake of the bridge tower will always affect the movement of the first group of sling, and the interaction between sling and sling will have a stronger effect on the second group of sling. Finally, according to the simulation results, the motion of three-dimensional sling in the wake of bridge tower is predicted. Third, try to set up a porous ring outside the sling to restrain the vibration of the sling in the tail flow area of the bridge tower. The pores on the sling ring are evenly arranged along the circumference to adapt to different incoming directions. When the movement of the sling is fierce, the velocity of air blowing from the hole of the ring is large, which can reduce the wake width of the sling and thus reduce the resistance of the sling. The transverse wind vibration of the sling is also weakened by the ring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U441.3;U448.25

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