【摘要】：隨著我國高速鐵路的迅猛發(fā)展,越來越多的高速鐵路隧道將建設(shè)在高烈度地震區(qū),緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)作為隧道的洞口結(jié)構(gòu),易受到地震破壞而阻斷交通。因此,對緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震特性研究具有迫切的必要性。本文通過數(shù)值模擬方法,對不同形式隧道洞外單開口緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了三維動力分析,得出了頂部單開口、側(cè)部單開口、條帶式單開口以及間縫式單開口緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)在剪切波下的地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律和抗震特性,利用數(shù)值模擬方法對依此提出的洞口柔性連接和側(cè)擋墻以及洞口柔性連接、側(cè)擋墻以及聯(lián)合使用柔性連接和帶墊片側(cè)擋墻三種抗減震措施的抗減震效果進(jìn)行了分析與檢驗(yàn)。得到的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)在剪切波作用下,隧道緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)的加速度響應(yīng)在豎直方向上表現(xiàn)出與普通地面結(jié)構(gòu)相似的規(guī)律,結(jié)構(gòu)上部的加速度響應(yīng)更劇烈；在水平方向上,距洞口距離越遠(yuǎn),拱頂、拱肩的加速度響應(yīng)頻率越高,峰值越大；拱腰加速度響應(yīng)頻率越高,峰值越��；而拱腳和仰拱的加速度響應(yīng)幾乎不發(fā)生變化。(2)在剪切波作用下,緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力水平較靜力作用下明顯增大,仰拱最大主應(yīng)力峰值明顯大于其他部位。隨距離洞口距離增加,仰拱、拱腳和拱腰的最大主應(yīng)力值峰值曲線總體呈下降趨勢；拱頂和拱肩的曲線相對平穩(wěn),變化不大。重點(diǎn)抗震設(shè)防部位應(yīng)為：仰拱和拱腳部位,距洞口5m以內(nèi)的拱腰部位以及側(cè)部單開口附近的拱腰部位。(3)緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)開口對其附近部位的加速度峰值和最大主應(yīng)力峰值有不同程度的放大作用。總的來說,上部開口(間縫式單開口和頂部單開口)緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能要優(yōu)于側(cè)部開口(條帶式單開口和側(cè)部單開口)緩沖結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)洞口柔性連接會放大拱頂、拱肩、拱腰的加速度響應(yīng),但同時(shí)有效減小了結(jié)構(gòu)重點(diǎn)設(shè)防部位仰拱、拱腳和拱腰的最大主應(yīng)力峰值,起到了良好的減震效果。(5)側(cè)擋墻限制了結(jié)構(gòu)拱腰的加速度響應(yīng),但增大了拱頂、拱肩與拱腰在擋墻附近斷面的應(yīng)力水平,抗震效果不理想。(6)聯(lián)合使用洞口柔性連接和帶軟質(zhì)墊片的側(cè)擋墻,顯著減小了結(jié)構(gòu)重點(diǎn)設(shè)防部位仰拱、拱腳和拱腰的最大主應(yīng)力水平,而相比于單獨(dú)使用洞口柔性連接,其對結(jié)構(gòu)加速度響應(yīng)亦起到了一定的限制作用,抗減震效果更佳良好。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed railway in our country, more and more high-speed railway tunnels will be built in the area of high intensity earthquake. As the entrance structure of the tunnel, the buffer structure is vulnerable to earthquake damage and block traffic. Therefore, it is urgent to study the seismic characteristics of buffer structures. In this paper, the three-dimensional dynamic analysis of the single opening buffer structure outside the tunnel of different forms is carried out by means of numerical simulation, and the single opening at the top and the single opening on the side are obtained. The seismic response law and seismic characteristics of strip single opening and interslit single opening buffer structures under shear wave are studied by using numerical simulation method for flexible connection of opening and side retaining wall and flexible connection of entrance. The shock absorption effects of side retaining wall and flexible connection and gasket side retaining wall are analyzed and tested. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) under the action of shear wave, the acceleration response of tunnel buffer structure is similar to that of ordinary ground structure in vertical direction, and the acceleration response of the upper part of the structure is more intense; In the horizontal direction, the farther away from the hole, the higher the acceleration response frequency of arch roof and arch shoulder, the greater the peak value, the higher the acceleration response frequency of arch waist, the smaller the peak value. However, the acceleration response of arch foot and inverted arch has little change. (2) under the action of shear wave, the stress level of buffer structure is obviously higher than that under static action, and the peak value of maximum principal stress of inverted arch is obviously higher than that of other parts. With the increase of the distance from the entrance, the peak curve of the maximum principal stress of inverted arch, arch foot and arch waist shows a downward trend, while the curve of arch roof and arch shoulder is relatively stable and does not change much. The key seismic fortification parts should be: inverted arch and arch foot, The arch waist within 5 m from the hole and the arch waist near the single opening in the side. (3) the acceleration peak value and the maximum principal stress peak value of the buffer structure are magnified to varying degrees. Generally speaking, the seismic performance of the upper opening (interslit single opening and top single opening) buffer structure is better than that of the side opening (strip single opening and side single opening) buffer structure. (4) the flexible connection of the opening will enlarge the arch roof and arch shoulder. The acceleration response of the arch waist, but at the same time effectively reduces the maximum principal stress peak value of the inverted arch, arch foot and arch waist in the key fortification part of the structure, and has a good shock absorption effect. (5) the side retaining wall limits the acceleration response of the arch waist of the structure. However, the stress level of arch roof, arch shoulder and arch waist near the retaining wall is increased, and the seismic effect is not ideal. (6) the combined use of flexible connection at the mouth of the hole and the side retaining wall with soft gasket significantly reduces the inverted arch in the key fortification part of the structure. Compared with the flexible connection of the opening alone, the maximum principal stress level of the arch foot and the arch waist also plays a certain limiting role in the acceleration response of the structure, and the damping effect is better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U453.1

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