【摘要】：混凝土性能劣化導(dǎo)致的耐久性問題給全球各個(gè)國家都帶來了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。近年來,國內(nèi)外諸多學(xué)者從混凝土的宏觀和微觀角度做了大量的研究工作,以期預(yù)測(cè)混凝土的使用壽命、提高混凝土的耐久性能。試驗(yàn)是研究混凝土耐久性問題的基礎(chǔ)方法和重要手段。但迄今為止,關(guān)于混凝土橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的耐久性試驗(yàn)方法尚未形成統(tǒng)一的試驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),而且在有關(guān)混凝土的耐久性試驗(yàn)中,多是針對(duì)材料的耐久性能試驗(yàn),鮮有根據(jù)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的真實(shí)服役環(huán)境和其受力特點(diǎn)來考慮的多因素耦合情況。本文基于交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目(2013 319 812 100),對(duì)混凝土橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的環(huán)境模擬試驗(yàn)方案進(jìn)行研究。論文首先根據(jù)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)際服役環(huán)境,在系統(tǒng)調(diào)查各地區(qū)病害特點(diǎn)并研究其破壞機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上,把我國混凝土橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的耐久性病害大致分為北方凍融破壞、南方銹腐破壞(即“北凍南腐”)兩大類,并以典型的城市為例,建立了南方、北方兩種病害的環(huán)境模型。其次借助于相似基本理論,提出了模擬試驗(yàn)與真實(shí)環(huán)境間應(yīng)具有四個(gè)方面的相似性,同時(shí)給出了環(huán)境模擬試驗(yàn)方案的制定依據(jù)。再從試驗(yàn)室功能設(shè)計(jì)、布局設(shè)計(jì)和指標(biāo)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)三個(gè)方面,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)氣候環(huán)境模擬試驗(yàn)室的建設(shè)概況進(jìn)行了介紹,對(duì)試驗(yàn)室鹽霧、淋雨、碳化等主要功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了示意。然后根據(jù)試驗(yàn)方案的制定依據(jù),設(shè)計(jì)了試驗(yàn)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試件,同時(shí)依照橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)典型受力構(gòu)件梁和柱的受力特點(diǎn),分別設(shè)計(jì)出柱式試件加載裝置和梁式試件的加載裝置。最后,根據(jù)南方、北方兩種病害環(huán)境模型中考慮的耐久性影響因素,同時(shí)參照國內(nèi)外加速試驗(yàn)中的環(huán)境參數(shù)設(shè)置,分別設(shè)計(jì)出南方和北方橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)多因素耦合環(huán)境模擬的試驗(yàn)方案,并對(duì)試驗(yàn)步驟進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述,以期使橋梁耐久性試驗(yàn)方案實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一,對(duì)推進(jìn)混凝土橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的耐久性研究具有實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The durability problem caused by the deterioration of concrete performance has brought unprecedented challenges to all countries in the world. In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research work from the macro and micro point of view of concrete, in order to predict the service life of concrete and improve the durability of concrete. Test is the basic method and important means to study the durability of concrete. However, up to now, the durability test methods of concrete bridge structures have not yet formed a unified test standard, and in the durability tests of concrete, most of them are aimed at the durability tests of materials. There are few multi-factor coupling cases according to the real service environment of the bridge structure and its stress characteristics. Based on the applied basic research project of the Ministry of Transport (2013 319812100), the environmental simulation test scheme of concrete bridge structure is studied in this paper. Firstly, according to the actual service environment of the bridge structure, on the basis of systematically investigating the disease characteristics of each area and studying its failure mechanism, the durability disease of the concrete bridge structure in our country is roughly divided into freeze-thaw failure in the north. There are two kinds of rust corruption in the south (that is, "north frozen south corruption"). Taking the typical cities as an example, the environmental models of the two diseases in the south and the north are established. Secondly, with the help of the basic theory of similarity, it is proposed that there should be four similarities between the simulation test and the real environment, and the basis for the formulation of the environmental simulation test scheme is given at the same time. Then, from three aspects of laboratory function design, layout design and index parameter design, the general situation of the construction of structural climate environment simulation laboratory is introduced, and the realization of the main functions such as salt fog, rain shower and carbonation in the laboratory is indicated. Then, according to the basis of the test scheme, the standard specimens for the test are designed. At the same time, according to the stress characteristics of the beams and columns of the typical stress members of the bridge structure, the loading devices of the column specimens and the beam specimens are designed respectively. Finally, according to the factors affecting the durability of the environmental models of the two diseases in the south and the north, and referring to the setting of environmental parameters in the accelerated test at home and abroad, The test scheme of multi-factor coupling environment simulation of bridge structure in the south and north is designed respectively, and the test steps are described in detail in order to unify the durability test scheme of the bridge. It is of practical value to study the durability of propulsion concrete bridge structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U446.1

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