【摘要】：多塔斜拉橋橫向結(jié)構(gòu)地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)響應(yīng)比較復(fù)雜。在斜拉橋的橫橋向,一般采用抗風(fēng)支座來(lái)制約主梁與索塔的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。這種“剛性”的約束體系通常使得斜拉橋的橫橋向地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)響應(yīng)較大。本文以嘉紹大橋?yàn)楣こ瘫尘?分析研究了不同橫向結(jié)構(gòu)體系地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)響應(yīng)特點(diǎn),并針對(duì)橫向全自由體系下提出了多組被動(dòng)減震(振)控制方法并進(jìn)行比較分析,最后利用響應(yīng)面法和非線性約束優(yōu)化算法給出了優(yōu)化減震(振)方案。本文的主要工作和成果如下：1.基于Ansys軟件平臺(tái)建立了嘉紹大橋有限元模型,分析了地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下不同橫向結(jié)構(gòu)體系有限元模型的響應(yīng)特征。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)地震作用下橫向全自由體系的主梁橫向位移反應(yīng)較大,而塔底橫向內(nèi)力反應(yīng)和塔頂橫向位移反應(yīng)均較��；橫向全固結(jié)體系的塔底橫向內(nèi)力反應(yīng)和塔頂橫向位移反應(yīng)較大,而主梁橫向位移反應(yīng)則較小。(2)臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下橫向全自由體系的墩底橫向內(nèi)力較大,主梁橫向位移亦較大,而塔底橫向剪力則較��；橫向全固結(jié)體系的塔底橫向剪力較大,而墩底橫向內(nèi)力以及主梁橫向位移則較小。此外,塔梁橫向連接方式對(duì)塔底橫向彎矩、塔頂橫向位移等風(fēng)振反應(yīng)影響較小。2.針對(duì)橫向全自由體系提出了與之相適應(yīng)的減震(振)方案,分析比較了不同減震(振)方案的減震(振)效果。結(jié)果表明：(1)地震作用下塔梁間設(shè)置彈性拉索或粘滯流體阻尼器可以顯著減小主梁橫向位移響應(yīng),但對(duì)塔底橫向內(nèi)力及塔頂橫向位移有一定的放大作用,粘滯阻尼器減震效果優(yōu)于彈性拉索;(2)臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下粘滯阻尼器和彈性拉索都可以顯著減小輔助墩的橫向內(nèi)力反應(yīng)以及主梁橫向位移反應(yīng),此外采用粘滯阻尼器可以有效降低塔底橫向內(nèi)力反應(yīng)以及塔頂橫向位移反應(yīng)。減震(振)方案設(shè)置合理的裝置參數(shù)可以取得較好的控制效果。為了進(jìn)一步地控制臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下主梁橫向位移,采用彈性拉索+粘滯流體阻尼器聯(lián)合控制方案,兩種裝置可以協(xié)同工作,取得更好的控制效果。3.利用響應(yīng)面法及非線性約束優(yōu)化算法對(duì)地震臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下橫向結(jié)構(gòu)體系減震(振)方案進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化分析。分析結(jié)果表明：響應(yīng)面法擬合所得減震(振)響應(yīng)面效果較為理想,可用于地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)響應(yīng)控制的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中；利用非線性約束優(yōu)化算法進(jìn)行減震(振)方案優(yōu)化分析,并得到了優(yōu)化結(jié)果。針對(duì)多塔斜拉橋地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)各自響應(yīng)特點(diǎn)及控制目標(biāo),對(duì)控制方案進(jìn)行調(diào)整改進(jìn),能夠同時(shí)有效控制多塔斜拉橋橫向結(jié)構(gòu)體系地震和臺(tái)風(fēng)響應(yīng),得到地震和臺(tái)風(fēng)作用下多塔斜拉橋橫向結(jié)構(gòu)體系綜合控制方法。
[Abstract]:The response of typhoon to transverse structure earthquake of multi-tower cable-stayed bridge is more complex. In the transverse direction of cable-stayed bridge, wind support is generally used to restrict the relative motion of the main beam and the cable tower. This kind of "rigid" constraint system usually makes the transverse bridge of cable-stayed bridge seismic and typhoon response is large. In this paper, based on the engineering background of Jiashao Bridge, the characteristics of earthquake and typhoon response of different transverse structure systems are analyzed and studied, and several groups of passive shock absorption (vibration) control methods are proposed and compared under the transverse fully free system. Finally, the optimal damping (vibration) scheme is given by using the response surface method and nonlinear constrained optimization algorithm. The main work and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on Ansys software platform, the finite element model of Jiaxao Bridge is established, and the response characteristics of finite element models of different transverse structure systems under earthquake and typhoon are analyzed. The results show that: (1) the transverse displacement response of the main beam of the transverse free system under earthquake is larger, while the transverse internal force response of the bottom of the tower and the transverse displacement response of the top of the tower are small; The transverse internal force response and the transverse displacement response of the tower top of the transverse fully consolidated system are larger, while the transverse displacement response of the main beam is smaller. (2) the transverse internal force of the bottom of the transverse fully free system is larger and the transverse displacement of the main beam is also larger under the action of typhoon. However, the transverse shear force at the bottom of the tower is smaller. The transverse shear force at the bottom of the tower is larger, while the transverse internal force at the bottom of the pier and the transverse displacement of the main beam are smaller. In addition, the transverse connection mode of tower beam has little effect on wind-induced vibration response such as transverse bending moment of tower bottom and transverse displacement of tower top. A corresponding damping (vibration) scheme is proposed for the transverse fully free system, and the damping (vibration) effects of different damping schemes are analyzed and compared. The results show that: (1) the transverse displacement response of the main beam can be significantly reduced by setting elastic cables or viscous fluid dampers between the tower beams under earthquake, but the transverse internal force at the bottom of the tower and the transverse displacement at the top of the tower can be magnified to a certain extent. The damping effect of viscous dampers is better than that of elastic cables. (2) both viscous dampers and elastic cables under typhoon can significantly reduce the transverse internal force response of auxiliary piers and the transverse displacement response of main beams. In addition, viscous dampers can effectively reduce the transverse internal force response at the bottom of the tower and the transverse displacement response at the top of the tower. Good control effect can be obtained by setting reasonable device parameters in shock absorption (vibration) scheme. In order to further control the transverse displacement of the main beam under the action of typhoon, the two devices can work together and achieve better control effect by using the joint control scheme of elastic cable viscous fluid dampers. The response surface method and nonlinear constrained optimization algorithm are used to optimize the shock absorption (vibration) scheme of transverse structure system under the action of earthquake and typhoon. The analysis results show that the effect of shock absorption (vibration) response surface fitted by response surface method is ideal and can be used in the optimal design of earthquake and typhoon response control. The nonlinear constrained optimization algorithm is used to optimize the damping (vibration) scheme, and the optimization results are obtained. According to the earthquake and typhoon response characteristics and control objectives of multi-tower cable-stayed bridge, the control scheme is adjusted and improved, which can effectively control the seismic and typhoon response of the transverse structure system of multi-tower cable-stayed bridge at the same time. The comprehensive control method of transverse structure system of multi-tower cable-stayed bridge under earthquake and typhoon is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U448.27

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