【摘要】：隨著大量城市地鐵隧道的修建,目前圍巖分級(jí)方法在一定程度上不能滿足存在大量地下水、軟弱結(jié)構(gòu)面和高地應(yīng)力等復(fù)雜條件下的圍巖分級(jí)需要,在實(shí)際地鐵隧道施工過(guò)程中,也存在圍巖級(jí)別相同時(shí)其穩(wěn)定性相差很大的現(xiàn)象。因此,建立新的地鐵隧道施工階段圍巖綜合分級(jí)方法非常有必要。為了減少因圍巖分級(jí)問(wèn)題而導(dǎo)致的地鐵隧道施工中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的圍巖坍塌,透水等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,更加清晰的了解施工段圍巖地質(zhì)情況,本文針對(duì)武漢地鐵隧道的具體現(xiàn)狀,對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)地質(zhì)調(diào)查和地質(zhì)資料進(jìn)行收集整理,在巖體基本質(zhì)量分級(jí)的基礎(chǔ)上,采用判別分析方法對(duì)圍巖進(jìn)行定性轉(zhuǎn)定量的亞級(jí)分級(jí)。結(jié)合C#與ArcEngine的二次開發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)計(jì)算地質(zhì)鉆孔的巖體級(jí)別并可以根據(jù)距離高次方反比法原理利用已有地質(zhì)鉆孔數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)圍巖進(jìn)行等級(jí)估算和三維分級(jí)顯示渲染,利用KML地標(biāo)將已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了巖體基本質(zhì)量等級(jí)估算的圍巖的詳細(xì)信息記錄在系統(tǒng)Google Earth平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)布實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的共享。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括:(1)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究,包括判別分析在巖體定性轉(zhuǎn)定量的亞級(jí)分級(jí)方法中的理論研究與應(yīng)用,并利用判別分析建立圍巖亞級(jí)分級(jí)理論標(biāo)準(zhǔn);對(duì)距離高次方反比法、交叉驗(yàn)證誤差、KML技術(shù)、基于無(wú)線WIFI網(wǎng)絡(luò)和無(wú)線蜂窩網(wǎng)的計(jì)算機(jī)定位技術(shù)的原理和應(yīng)用進(jìn)行研究。(2)根據(jù)地鐵隧道施工地段圍巖與地質(zhì)鉆孔具體分布情況,結(jié)合Google SketchUp和ArcGIS軟件建造隧道圍巖和地質(zhì)鉆孔三維模型,用于系統(tǒng)的三維顯示和分析。(3)利用C#結(jié)合Google Earth與ArcEngine的二次開發(fā)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)一款具有巖體級(jí)別自動(dòng)計(jì)算、圍巖等級(jí)估算、誤差分析、插值結(jié)果三維顯示渲染、分級(jí)結(jié)果發(fā)布與共享功能的軟件。(4)以地鐵隧道施工線路W段作為系統(tǒng)測(cè)試的具體實(shí)例,并運(yùn)用多種方法對(duì)系統(tǒng)誤差進(jìn)行估算。研究結(jié)果表明,基于判別分析的巖體基本質(zhì)量亞級(jí)分級(jí)方法對(duì)隧道圍巖分級(jí)更加精確,可以滿足有大量地下水和軟弱結(jié)構(gòu)面等復(fù)雜條件下的圍巖分級(jí)需要,且圍巖亞級(jí)分級(jí)與估算系統(tǒng)也具有較好的實(shí)用性。利用判別函數(shù)對(duì)500個(gè)已知等級(jí)的樣本進(jìn)行回代計(jì)算的準(zhǔn)確率高達(dá)91.8%,系統(tǒng)對(duì)圍巖等級(jí)估算的反算誤差為8.97%,與開挖后揭示信息對(duì)比誤差為11%,三維分級(jí)渲染結(jié)果與實(shí)際情況較為接近,可以為地鐵隧道施工提供參考,也可以作為后續(xù)工程施工工程地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的補(bǔ)充,以便最大限度的利用已有數(shù)據(jù)資源,減少工程支出,優(yōu)化工程指導(dǎo),提升工程勘察質(zhì)量等。
[Abstract]:With the construction of a large number of urban subway tunnels, the classification method of surrounding rock can not satisfy the needs of classification of surrounding rocks under complicated conditions such as a large amount of groundwater, weak structural surface and high in-situ stress to a certain extent. There is also a phenomenon that the stability of the surrounding rock is very different when the grade of the surrounding rock is the same. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a new comprehensive classification method of surrounding rock in the construction stage of subway tunnel. In order to reduce the geological disasters such as collapse of surrounding rock and permeability caused by surrounding rock classification in subway tunnel construction, we can understand the geological situation of surrounding rock in construction section more clearly. This paper aims at the concrete situation of Wuhan metro tunnel in view of the concrete situation of Wuhan metro tunnel. The on-site geological survey and geological data are collected and sorted. On the basis of the classification of rock mass quality, the method of discriminant analysis is used to carry out qualitative and quantitative sub-grade classification of surrounding rock. Combined with the secondary development of C # and ArcEngine, the automatic calculation of rock mass grade of geological borehole can be realized, and the surrounding rock can be estimated and rendered according to the principle of inverse ratio of high-order distance by using the existing geological borehole data, and the three-dimensional grading and rendering of surrounding rock can be carried out. The detailed information of surrounding rock which has been estimated the basic quality grade of rock mass is recorded by KML landmark on the system Google Earth platform for real-time publishing to realize the sharing of resources. The main contents are as follows: (1) the research on key techniques, including the theoretical research and application of discriminant analysis in the qualitative and quantitative sub-grade classification method of rock mass, and the establishment of the theoretical standard of sub-grade classification of surrounding rock by means of discriminant analysis; Inverse ratio method for high-order distance, cross-validation error, KML technique, The principle and application of computer positioning technology based on wireless WIFI network and wireless cellular network are studied. (2) according to the concrete distribution of surrounding rock and geological borehole in the construction area of subway tunnel, Combined with Google SketchUp and ArcGIS software, the 3D model of tunnel surrounding rock and geological borehole is built for the display and analysis of the system. (3) an automatic calculation of rock mass grade is designed by using C # combined with the secondary development of Google Earth and ArcEngine. Surrounding rock grade estimation, error analysis, interpolation results 3D display rendering, grading results publishing and sharing function software. (4) taking W section of subway tunnel construction line as a concrete example of system test. A variety of methods are used to estimate the system error. The results show that the subgrade classification method of rock mass based on discriminant analysis is more accurate for tunnel surrounding rock classification and can meet the needs of surrounding rock classification under complicated conditions such as a large amount of groundwater and weak structural surfaces. Moreover, the sub-grade classification and estimation system of surrounding rock has good practicability. The accuracy of back generation calculation of 500 samples of known grade by discriminant function is up to 91.8%. The inverse calculation error of the system to estimate the grade of surrounding rock is 8.97%, and the error of comparing with the information revealed after excavation is 11%. The results of 3D hierarchical rendering are close to the actual situation, which can provide reference for subway tunnel construction, and can be used as a supplement to the geological database of follow-up engineering construction, so as to maximize the use of existing data resources and reduce project expenditure. Optimize engineering guidance, improve engineering survey quality, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U231.1;U452.12

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