【摘要】：隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,我國高速公路建設規(guī)模與日俱增,公路隧道建設的投入力度不斷加大,隧道安全問題已顯得日益突出。為了營造一個安全、方便、舒適、經(jīng)濟、高效的交通環(huán)境,如何解決隧道安全問題日益成為高速公路建設和運營管理單位關注的焦點。 高速公路與一般公路相比,具有線形好、交通流量大、行車速度快、視野開闊等特點；高速公路隧道是高速公路網(wǎng)的咽喉地段,如果不采用先進的安全管理措施,在交通量大、氣候惡劣的情況下,極易發(fā)生交通事故并引起火災。因此,研究高速公路隧道的火災事故及其防控對策,對于降低火災的發(fā)生率、增強隧道的通行能力、保證隧道的安全營運具有重要的意義。 本論文通過調(diào)研和資料搜尋,對國內(nèi)外公路隧道的發(fā)展及其安全管理狀況進行了回顧,對高速公路隧道火災事故的產(chǎn)生、特點、類型、致災機理等進行了分析；站在管理層的角度,提出隧道火災預案的制定原則、控制方法,以及控制流程等。論文重點研究內(nèi)容為：通過對隧道火災特性的分析,明確了隧道火災發(fā)生時,溫度、煙霧的擴散規(guī)律；從防火救災角度,提出了隧道通風、照明、防火、以及人員疏散和救治預案,以期在整個隧道火災發(fā)生時能發(fā)揮有效作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, the scale of highway construction is increasing day by day in our country, the investment of highway tunnel construction is increasing constantly, the tunnel safety problem has become more and more prominent. In order to create a safe, convenient, comfortable, economical and efficient traffic environment, how to solve the tunnel safety problem has become the focus of the expressway construction and operation management. Compared with the general highway, the expressway has the characteristics of good alignment, large traffic flow, fast driving speed and wide field of vision. Highway tunnel is the throat section of highway network. If the advanced safety management measures are not adopted, traffic accidents and fire will occur easily under the condition of large traffic volume and bad climate. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fire accident of expressway tunnel and its prevention and control measures in order to reduce the incidence of fire, enhance the capacity of tunnel, and ensure the safe operation of tunnel. Through investigation and information search, this paper reviews the development and safety management of highway tunnels at home and abroad, and analyzes the occurrence, characteristics, types and disaster-causing mechanism of highway tunnel fire accidents. From the point of view of management, the principle, control method and control flow of tunnel fire plan are put forward. The main contents of this paper are as follows: by analyzing the characteristics of tunnel fire, the law of temperature and smoke diffusion in tunnel fire is defined. From the point of view of fire prevention and disaster relief, the tunnel ventilation, lighting, fire prevention, evacuation and treatment plan are put forward in order to play an effective role in the whole tunnel fire.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U458

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