【摘要】：隨著公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的不斷完善,我國的道路建設(shè)事業(yè)也取得了長足的發(fā)展。瀝青路面因其良好的路用性能已成為國內(nèi)外公路及市政道路建設(shè)最重要的路面類型。同時,國內(nèi)外相關(guān)學(xué)者紛紛致力于對瀝青、瀝青混合料、瀝青路面病害等課題的研究,研究成果層出不窮。瀝青路面的開裂本質(zhì)即瀝青混合料中粗骨料與膠結(jié)料的粘結(jié)失效,為了更細(xì)致地討論混合料開裂過程中的界面區(qū)域的力學(xué)特性變化,本文基于數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)技術(shù)的理論,利用半圓彎曲試驗,從細(xì)觀尺度討論了兩種常用瀝青路面面層材料SBS改性瀝青混合料與膠粉改性瀝青混合料在裂紋的起裂與發(fā)展過程中變形場的變化特征和力學(xué)性能,并分析了溫度老化、紫外線光照老化、水凍融循環(huán)、鹽溶液凍融循環(huán)對兩種材料在破壞過程中變形場及力學(xué)性能的影響。通過對VIC-3D數(shù)據(jù)及電鏡掃描圖像的分析得出,瀝青混合料試件可分為瀝青砂漿、界面區(qū)、粗集料三部分研究,其中界面區(qū)屬于試件的最薄弱部分,裂紋的起裂與宏觀裂紋的發(fā)展均沿界面區(qū)進(jìn)行;宏觀裂紋的發(fā)展包括微裂紋的起裂與發(fā)展貫通至宏觀裂紋兩個過程,老化主要影響了改性瀝青的性質(zhì),凍融循環(huán)主要影響界面區(qū)的性質(zhì),兩者均使微裂紋發(fā)展為宏觀裂紋的時間縮短、宏觀裂紋的形成提前。利用斷裂能密度FE和斷裂韌性Jc作為參數(shù)來評價SBS改性瀝青混合料和膠粉改性瀝青混合料的斷裂性能,所得結(jié)果趨勢相同,證明了這兩個參數(shù)的可行性;膠粉改性瀝青混合料試件及在紫外線老化、溫度老化、水凍融循環(huán)、鹽溶液凍融循環(huán)四種環(huán)境下試件的FE及Jc均大于對應(yīng)的SBS改性瀝青混合料試件,且經(jīng)四種環(huán)境作用后的變化程度小于SBS瀝青混合料試件,證明膠粉改性瀝青混合料力學(xué)性能受環(huán)境影響程度較小,且具有更好的低溫抗裂性能;紫外線老化對瀝青混合料試件力學(xué)性能的影響最大,其余依次為溫度老化,鹽溶液凍融循環(huán),水凍融循環(huán)。此外,基于內(nèi)聚力模型的原理對室內(nèi)試驗的試件進(jìn)行建模,并利用經(jīng)驗公式推導(dǎo)出相應(yīng)的粘彈性參數(shù),用ABAQUS有限元軟件對瀝青混合料試件的破壞過程進(jìn)行模擬。結(jié)果表明,數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與試驗結(jié)果相近,利用有限元的模擬可以對試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗證及預(yù)測。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of public infrastructure, our country's road construction has made great progress. The asphalt pavement has become the most important pavement type for highway and municipal road construction at home and abroad because of its good road performance. At the same time, domestic and foreign scholars have been working on the research of asphalt, asphalt mixture and asphalt pavement disease. The cracking nature of the asphalt pavement is the bond failure of the coarse aggregate and the cementing material in the asphalt mixture, and in order to discuss the mechanical property change of the interface region in the cracking process of the mixed material in more detail, the semi-circular bending test is used in the paper based on the theory of the related technology of the digital image. The change characteristics and mechanical properties of two kinds of asphalt mixture and rubber powder modified asphalt mixture in the process of crack initiation and development were discussed from the micro-scale, and the temperature aging, ultraviolet light aging and water freeze-thaw cycle were also analyzed. The effect of salt solution freeze-thaw cycle on the deformation and mechanical properties of two materials in the process of destruction. Through the analysis of the VIC-3D data and the scanning image of the electron microscope, the asphalt mixture test piece can be divided into three parts: the asphalt mortar, the interface area and the coarse aggregate, where the interface area belongs to the weakest part of the test piece, and the crack initiation and the development of the macro crack are all along the interface area; The development of macrocracks includes the initiation and development of micro-cracks, which mainly affect the properties of the modified asphalt, and the freeze-thaw cycle mainly affects the properties of the interface area, both of which have the micro-crack development as the macro-crack time and the formation advance of the macro-crack. By using the fracture energy density FE and the fracture toughness Jc as parameters, the fracture property of the SBS modified asphalt mixture and the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture is evaluated, the result trend is the same, the feasibility of the two parameters is proved, the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture test piece and the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture test piece and the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture test piece are aged, the FE and the Jc of the test pieces are larger than the corresponding SBS modified asphalt mixture test pieces under the four conditions of temperature aging, water freezing and thawing, the salt solution freezing and thawing cycle, and the change degree after the four environmental effects is less than that of the SBS asphalt mixture test piece, It is proved that the mechanical property of the rubber powder modified asphalt mixture is less affected by the environment, and has better low-temperature anti-cracking performance; the effect of the ultraviolet aging on the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixture test piece is the largest, and the rest are temperature aging, salt solution freezing and thawing, and water freeze-thaw cycle. In addition, based on the principle of the cohesive force model, the test piece of the indoor test is modeled, and the corresponding viscoelastic parameters are derived by using the empirical formula, and the destruction process of the asphalt mixture test piece is simulated by using the ABAQUS finite element software. The results show that the numerical simulation results are close to the test results, and the simulation of the finite element can be used to validate and predict the test results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U414

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