【摘要】：交通運(yùn)輸是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè),在國民社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了基礎(chǔ)性、保障性和先導(dǎo)性的重要作用,進(jìn)一步發(fā)展高效、協(xié)調(diào)的綜合運(yùn)輸體系,是交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的必然趨勢。運(yùn)輸通道是國家、地區(qū)交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的骨架和大動脈,承擔(dān)著不同地區(qū)間運(yùn)輸聯(lián)系的大部分或全部運(yùn)輸任務(wù),運(yùn)輸通道交通資源配置的合理與否對于綜合運(yùn)輸體系的建立至關(guān)重要。目前我國的運(yùn)輸通道正在飛速發(fā)展,但在通道資源消耗方面的理論研究還十分薄弱,沒有形成完成的理論體系,難以指導(dǎo)通道的規(guī)劃、建設(shè)和運(yùn)營管理,所以系統(tǒng)全面的研究通道資源消耗構(gòu)成、通道資源消耗與運(yùn)輸效率之間的互動關(guān)系、通道運(yùn)輸資源的優(yōu)化配置等一系列重大問題,建立相應(yīng)的研究框架和理論體系,對運(yùn)輸通道的規(guī)劃、建設(shè)和運(yùn)營管理具有重要的理論價(jià)值及實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)意義。本文正是在此背景下,試圖探索運(yùn)輸通道資源消耗與運(yùn)輸效率之間的關(guān)系,進(jìn)而從運(yùn)輸效率的角度對通道的資源消耗進(jìn)行測算和優(yōu)化配置。文章首先在對大量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上,回顧了交通資源消耗測算及優(yōu)化配置等相關(guān)研究成果,介紹了交通資源的界定、特性、配置途徑,確定了運(yùn)輸效率的量化指標(biāo),重點(diǎn)分析了運(yùn)輸效率與通道資源消耗的關(guān)系;其次,詳細(xì)剖析了單運(yùn)輸方式資源消耗構(gòu)成和費(fèi)用特性,把其資源消耗分為固定成本和變動成本兩部分,將從其開始建設(shè)到廢棄全過程的建設(shè)、運(yùn)營、維護(hù)、人工、時(shí)耗、能耗、環(huán)境污染、交通事故等成本納入目標(biāo)函數(shù),搭建了單運(yùn)輸方式全壽命周期的資源消耗測算模型,進(jìn)而求得單位周轉(zhuǎn)量運(yùn)輸通道系統(tǒng)成本計(jì)算公式;然后,重點(diǎn)研究兩種交通方式組合的運(yùn)輸通道單位周轉(zhuǎn)量系統(tǒng)成本,以通道單位周轉(zhuǎn)量系統(tǒng)成本最小作為目標(biāo)函數(shù)值,構(gòu)建通道交通方式組合的資源消耗優(yōu)化模型并提出相應(yīng)的求解算法;最后,為了檢驗(yàn)本文中通道資源優(yōu)化配置理論方法的正確性和可行性,依據(jù)文中的理論方法體系,選取一個(gè)在我國具有代表性的運(yùn)輸通道進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究分析,檢驗(yàn)了該方法的科學(xué)性和可行性,為綜合運(yùn)輸通道的建設(shè)及優(yōu)化提供理論指導(dǎo)與技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Transportation is the basic industry of our economy, which has played an important role in the development of national society and economy, and further developed an efficient and coordinated comprehensive transportation system. It is the inevitable trend of the development of transportation industry. Transport passageway is the skeleton and major artery of national and regional transportation system, which is responsible for most or all transportation tasks of transportation links between different regions. It is very important to set up a comprehensive transportation system for the rational allocation of transportation resources in transport passageways. At present, the transportation channel in our country is developing rapidly, but the theoretical research on the consumption of channel resources is still very weak, there is no complete theoretical system, and it is difficult to guide the planning, construction and operation management of the passage. Therefore, a series of important issues, such as the composition of channel resource consumption, the interaction between channel resource consumption and transport efficiency, the optimal allocation of channel transport resources, and so on, are studied systematically and comprehensively, and the corresponding research framework and theoretical system are established. It has important theoretical value and practical guiding significance to the planning, construction and operation management of transportation passage. Under this background, this paper attempts to explore the relationship between transport channel resource consumption and transport efficiency, and then calculates and optimizes the resource consumption of transport channel from the point of view of transport efficiency. On the basis of summarizing a large number of related literatures, this paper reviews the related research results such as calculation and optimization of traffic resource consumption, introduces the definition, characteristics and allocation approach of traffic resources, and determines the quantitative index of transportation efficiency. The relationship between transport efficiency and channel resource consumption is analyzed in detail. Secondly, the structure and cost characteristics of resource consumption in single mode of transportation are analyzed in detail, and the resource consumption is divided into two parts: fixed cost and variable cost. The whole process of construction, operation, maintenance, labor and time consumption will be completed from its beginning to abandonment. The cost of energy consumption, environmental pollution and traffic accidents is included in the objective function, and the calculation model of resource consumption in the whole life cycle of single mode of transportation is built, and then the calculation formula of the system cost of transportation channel per unit turnover is obtained. Then, the paper focuses on the study of the system cost of the unit turnover of the two combined modes of transportation, taking the minimum cost of the system of the unit turnover of the channel as the value of the objective function. The resource consumption optimization model of channel traffic mode combination is constructed and the corresponding solution algorithm is put forward. Finally, in order to verify the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical method of optimal allocation of channel resources in this paper, according to the theoretical method system in this paper, a representative transport channel in China is selected for empirical research and analysis. The method is proved to be scientific and feasible, which provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the construction and optimization of integrated transportation channel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U116

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