【摘要】：SBS改性瀝青同時具有較好的高低溫性能,是目前使用量最大、最廣泛的改性瀝青。橡膠粉改性瀝青是一種新型的優(yōu)質(zhì)復(fù)合材料,具有環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟、節(jié)能和降噪等特點。但是,目前國內(nèi)外對兩種改性瀝青的性能優(yōu)劣沒有統(tǒng)一的認(rèn)識,仍然存在爭議。本文出發(fā)點是系統(tǒng)的對比研究SBS改性瀝青和橡膠粉改性瀝青。從原材料的選擇出發(fā),通過改變改性瀝青制備過程中剪切時間、剪切溫度、剪切速率,對比研究SBS改性瀝青和橡膠粉改性瀝青制備工藝,根據(jù)改性瀝青性能,分別確定合理的改性瀝青制備工藝。通過環(huán)球軟化點試驗、低溫延度試驗、彎曲蠕變試驗(BBR)、針入度試驗、旋轉(zhuǎn)薄膜烘箱試驗(RTFOT)、壓力老化試驗(PAV)等試驗,對比研究了不同改性劑摻量下的SBS改性瀝青和橡膠粉改性瀝青的高溫性能,低溫性能,感溫性能和抗老化性能,綜合考慮改性瀝青的性能指標(biāo),分別提出合理的改性劑摻量。選取AC-13和SMA-13型級配進行混合料配合比設(shè)計,并分別確定最佳瀝青用量,通過室內(nèi)高溫車轍試驗、浸水漢堡車轍試驗,馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度試驗、凍融劈裂試驗以及低溫彎曲試驗等對比分析了SBS改性瀝青和橡膠粉改性瀝青混合料的高低溫性能以及水穩(wěn)定性。借助熒光顯微鏡和傅立葉紅外光譜分析技術(shù)對比研究了SBS和橡膠粉與瀝青的共混狀態(tài)以及瀝青分子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化情況,以此來探究兩種改性瀝青的機理。根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果可知,隨著SBS和橡膠粉摻量的增多,兩種改性瀝青的高低溫性能、溫度敏感性以及耐老化性能均有明顯改善,SBS改性瀝青比橡膠粉改性瀝青具有更好的高溫性能,橡膠粉改性瀝青比SBS改性瀝青具有更好的低溫性能和溫度敏感性;同一種級配類型,SBS改性瀝青的高溫和水穩(wěn)定性均高于橡膠粉改性瀝青,而橡膠粉改性瀝青的低溫抗裂性最好;機理試驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),兩種改性劑只是與瀝青共混,并沒發(fā)生明顯的化學(xué)反應(yīng),改性劑在瀝青中分散均勻。論文最后提出了試驗路路面病害調(diào)查方案,并分析了兩種改性瀝青的社會經(jīng)濟效益、適用范圍和目前存在的問題。研究成果對以后兩種改性瀝青的工程實踐具有一定的指導(dǎo)和參考價值。
[Abstract]:SBS modified asphalt has good high and low temperature performance at the same time, it is the most widely used modified asphalt at present. Rubber powder modified asphalt is a new type of high quality composite material, which has the characteristics of environmental protection, economy, energy saving and noise reduction. However, there is no unified understanding of the performance of the two kinds of modified asphalt at home and abroad, and there is still controversy. The starting point of this paper is a systematic comparative study of SBS modified asphalt and rubber powder modified asphalt. Starting from the selection of raw materials, by changing the shear time, shear temperature and shear rate during the preparation of modified asphalt, the preparation technology of SBS modified asphalt and rubber powder modified asphalt was compared and studied, according to the properties of modified asphalt. The reasonable preparation process of modified asphalt was determined respectively. Through the global softening point test, low temperature ductility test, bending creep test (BBR), penetration test, rotating film oven test (RTFOT), pressure aging test (PAV), etc. The high-temperature, low-temperature, temperature-sensitive and anti-aging properties of SBS modified asphalt and rubber powder modified asphalt with different content of modifiers were compared. Considering the performance index of modified asphalt, the reasonable content of modifier was put forward respectively. AC-13 and SMA- 13 gradation are selected to design the mixture mix ratio, and the best asphalt dosage is determined respectively. Through indoor high temperature rut test, immersion Hamburg rut test, Marshall stability test, The high and low temperature performance and water stability of SBS modified asphalt and rubber powder modified asphalt mixture were compared and analyzed by freeze thaw splitting test and low temperature bending test. By means of fluorescence microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the blending state of SBS and rubber powder with asphalt and the change of asphalt molecular structure were studied in order to explore the mechanism of the two kinds of modified asphalt. According to the test results, with the increase of the content of SBS and rubber powder, the high and low temperature performance, temperature sensitivity and aging resistance of the two kinds of modified asphalt are obviously improved, and the SBS modified asphalt has better high temperature performance than the rubber powder modified asphalt, and the high temperature performance of the modified asphalt is better than that of the rubber powder modified asphalt. Compared with SBS modified asphalt, rubber powder modified asphalt has better low temperature performance and temperature sensitivity. In the same gradation type, the high temperature and water stability of SBS modified asphalt is higher than that of rubber powder modified asphalt, and the low temperature cracking resistance of rubber powder modified asphalt is the best. The results of mechanism test show that the two modifiers are only mixed with asphalt, and there is no obvious chemical reaction, and the modifiers are dispersed uniformly in asphalt. At the end of the paper, the investigation scheme of road surface disease is put forward, and the socio-economic benefits, application scope and existing problems of two kinds of modified asphalt are analyzed. The research results have certain guidance and reference value to the engineering practice of the later two kinds of modified bitumen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U414

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