【摘要】：多年凍土一直是影響青藏高原地區(qū)公路路基穩(wěn)定性的主要因素,近年來,全球氣候整體變暖,這一變化加速了凍土融化。同時凍土區(qū)人類活動也加重了凍土負(fù)擔(dān),加速其退化,進(jìn)而影響到該地區(qū)公路路基的穩(wěn)定性。因此,針對不同地區(qū),制定不同的凍土路基設(shè)計方案,對于多年凍土區(qū)公路的建設(shè)具有重要的意義。本文首先分析了多年凍土地區(qū)路基的主要病害及其成因,指出縱向裂縫、熱融沉陷、凍脹翻漿是多年凍土地區(qū)路基病害的主要形式,并分析其成因主要有多年凍土的特殊性、惡劣自然環(huán)境和人為因素。在此基礎(chǔ)上論述了多年凍土路基的設(shè)計體系。指出進(jìn)行多年凍土區(qū)路基設(shè)計時,須遵循以下原則:保護(hù)凍土、保持多年凍土融沉速率、預(yù)融凍土等。最后,本文依托“瑪查理至柯曲公路工程”,對多年凍土路基設(shè)計方案進(jìn)行研究分析,主要針對路基設(shè)計、技術(shù)調(diào)控、質(zhì)量控制等進(jìn)行了研究,并強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)計中的注意事項。片石塊石路基因其通風(fēng)性好,易于凍土溫度調(diào)節(jié),所以可以應(yīng)用于凍土路基填筑中。熱棒作為穩(wěn)定凍土最有效的工程手段,被廣泛應(yīng)用于凍土區(qū)公路建設(shè)中。當(dāng)外界溫度和熱棒埋設(shè)的路基內(nèi)部溫差達(dá)到熱棒工作溫差時,熱棒自動開始工作。熱棒內(nèi)部工質(zhì)在凍土層吸收熱量,蒸發(fā)氣化后上升至外露端,放熱冷凝后下降至凍土端,如此循環(huán)往復(fù)可達(dá)到保護(hù)凍土穩(wěn)定的目的。
[Abstract]:Permafrost is the main factor that affects the stability of highway roadbed in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In recent years, the global climate has become warmer, which accelerates the thawing of frozen soil. At the same time, human activities in permafrost region also increase the burden of frozen soil, accelerate its degradation, and then affect the stability of highway roadbed in this area. Therefore, it is of great significance for highway construction in permafrost regions to formulate different design schemes for permafrost subgrade. This paper first analyzes the main diseases and causes of roadbed in permafrost regions, and points out that longitudinal cracks, thermal thawing subsidence and frost heaving are the main forms of roadbed diseases in permafrost regions, and the main causes are particularity of permafrost. Adverse natural environment and human factors. On this basis, the design system of permafrost subgrade is discussed. It is pointed out that the following principles should be followed in roadbed design in permafrost regions: protecting permafrost, maintaining thawing rate of permafrost, prethawing frozen soil and so on. Finally, based on the "MaCharlie to Ke qu Highway Project", this paper studies the design scheme of permafrost roadbed, mainly for the roadbed design, technical control, quality control and so on, and emphasizes the matters needing attention in the design. Because of its good ventilation and easy to adjust the temperature of frozen soil, it can be used in the filling of permafrost roadbed. As the most effective engineering method to stabilize frozen soil, hot bar is widely used in highway construction in frozen soil area. When the outside temperature and the temperature difference inside the roadbed buried by the hot rod reach the working temperature difference of the hot rod, the hot bar will start to work automatically. The internal working fluid of the heat rod absorbs heat in the frozen soil layer, rises to the exposed end after evaporation and gasification, and then decreases to the frozen soil end after the exothermic condensation, so the cycle reciprocating can achieve the purpose of protecting the stability of the frozen soil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U416.1

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