【摘要】：在冬季,由于氣溫較低,電氣化鐵路隧道頂端裂縫處容易形成隧道掛冰,隨著水流不斷流出,掛冰越來越長,與接觸網(wǎng)的絕緣距離越來越短,對隧道供電安全構(gòu)成極大威脅。因此,解決好隧道除冰問題對電氣化鐵路的安全運行有著非常重要的意義。本文基于當前人工除冰和設(shè)備除冰的不足,提出將微波加熱技術(shù)應(yīng)用于電氣化鐵路隧道除冰。該方法通過天線發(fā)射微波加熱隧道裂縫滲水處的混凝土,使得滲水處溫度上升,溫升超過5℃,促使?jié)B水區(qū)跨越-5℃到0℃這一水凝結(jié)成冰的溫度區(qū)段,防止?jié)B水凝結(jié)成冰,實現(xiàn)隧道除冰目的。主要的研究工作如下:首先,基于微波加熱理論,簡要闡述了隧道微波除冰的原理和優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)電磁場理論,推導(dǎo)出微波損耗功率方程,指出影響物料吸收微波能力的因素。結(jié)合電磁波在介質(zhì)中的傳播特性,推導(dǎo)出微波在混凝土中傳播的波動方程。根據(jù)熱力學(xué)定律,推導(dǎo)出熱量在混凝土中傳遞的導(dǎo)熱微分方程,并依據(jù)隧道除冰實際情況,給出熱邊界條件。其次,依據(jù)仿真假設(shè)條件和隧道實際情況,建立隧道微波除冰仿真模型,并分別對2.45GHz和5.8GHz時微波除冰模型的溫度場分布進行仿真,分析其路徑溫度分布和參考點溫度時間歷程,對比兩者之間的微波除冰效率。結(jié)果表明,相同條件下,5.8GHz的微波除冰效率是2.45GHz時的2.3倍。最后,研究了天線輸入功率、隧道風(fēng)速、混凝土含水量以及環(huán)境溫度等不同因素對隧道微波除冰效率的影響。其中天線輸入功率與隧道微波除冰效率成正比關(guān)系,隧道風(fēng)速和環(huán)境溫度主要影響混凝土表面與空氣之間的對流傳熱,隧道微波除冰效率隨風(fēng)速的增加和環(huán)境溫度降低而降低,且隧道風(fēng)速的影響比環(huán)境溫度大�；炷梁恐饕獩Q定混凝土材料的介電常數(shù)和損耗角正切,其對隧道微波除冰效率的影響最大,混凝土含水量越高,微波除冰效率越高。
[Abstract]:In winter, because of the low temperature, the tunnel ice is easily formed at the crack at the top of the electrified railway tunnel. With the water flowing out, the ice hanging becomes longer and longer, and the insulation distance from the catenary becomes shorter and shorter, which poses a great threat to the safety of the tunnel power supply. Therefore, it is very important to solve the deicing problem of tunnel for the safe operation of electrified railway. Based on the shortage of artificial deicing and deicing equipment, microwave heating technology is applied to deicing of electrified railway tunnel. In this method, the temperature of the seepage area is increased by microwave heating of concrete at the crack seepage place of the tunnel through antenna, and the temperature rise is more than 5 鈩，

本文編號：2415415