【摘要】：堆場是港口碼頭的重要組成部分,是港口物料的周轉(zhuǎn)場所。堆存量和周轉(zhuǎn)效率是堆場的兩個重要指標(biāo),堆存量的大小和周轉(zhuǎn)的快慢直接影堆場效率,進(jìn)而影響港口效益。散料堆取料機(jī)是堆場堆取料的重要設(shè)備,現(xiàn)在港口應(yīng)用較多的機(jī)型是斗輪堆取料機(jī)、斗式提升機(jī)和橋式堆料機(jī)等。武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)者提出一種新機(jī)型——鏈斗式堆高機(jī),適用于自卸車的散貨裝卸工藝系統(tǒng),可取代目前的裝載機(jī)等堆高設(shè)備,具有堆高效率高、動作靈活、能耗低。環(huán)境污染小等特點(diǎn)。鏈斗式堆高機(jī)結(jié)合了鏈斗式提升機(jī)、螺旋輸送機(jī)和皮帶輸送機(jī)三種機(jī)型輸送特點(diǎn),物料通過垂直提升、水平轉(zhuǎn)料、傾斜提升三級輸送而被堆存到一定高度。鏈斗式堆高機(jī)采用輪胎式行走機(jī)構(gòu),可以在堆場任意位置作業(yè),由于連續(xù)取料、提升、堆料,堆高效率大為提高;同時因采用了垂直輸送結(jié)構(gòu),使料堆高度增大,從而增加了堆場的堆存量,提高了堆場利用率。本文主要研究鏈斗式堆高機(jī)垂直輸送物料過程中鏈斗卸料物料的運(yùn)動特性。先從散體力學(xué)方面分析顆粒的應(yīng)力狀態(tài)、顆粒平衡條件以及顆粒在傾斜料槽中的運(yùn)動狀態(tài),推導(dǎo)出顆粒發(fā)生滑動時料槽的最小傾斜角。分析在旋轉(zhuǎn)過程卸料方式,斗內(nèi)物料在提升、旋轉(zhuǎn)和傾斜下降過程中斗內(nèi)物料的滑移面變化,以及顆粒在三階段的受力分析,建立顆粒受力平衡方程式,推導(dǎo)出斗內(nèi)顆粒的運(yùn)動微分方程。根據(jù)顆粒的運(yùn)動微分方程式求出顆粒卸出的初始速度,建立顆粒做拋物運(yùn)動的運(yùn)動方程。確定鏈斗旋轉(zhuǎn)過程的初始卸料角,求出幾種典型顆粒的位置,然后根據(jù)顆粒卸出后的運(yùn)動方程式繪制出典型顆粒的運(yùn)動軌跡線,得出整個物料流的輪廓線,根據(jù)物料流的輪廓線可以設(shè)計(jì)鏈斗罩殼。通過分析最晚卸出顆粒軌跡,驗(yàn)證鏈斗卸料是否完全。最后,通過EDEM離散元軟件進(jìn)行仿真,模擬鏈斗整個卸料過程并提取結(jié)果分析;設(shè)置不同的鏈條牽引速度、鏈條傾斜角、鏈斗間距等參數(shù)進(jìn)行仿真,得出一組卸料效果最好的參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:The yard is an important part of the port wharf and the turnover place of the port material. The storage and turnover efficiency are two important indexes of the yard. The size of the storage and the speed of turnover directly affect the efficiency of the yard, and then affect the efficiency of the port. Bulk stacker is an important equipment for stowage in the yard. Nowadays, the most widely used models in port are bucket wheel stacker, bucket hoist and bridge stacker, etc. The scholars of Wuhan University of Science and Technology have proposed a new type, the chain bucket type heap-heapper, which is suitable for the bulk loading and unloading process system of the dump truck. It can replace the current stowage equipment such as the loader, which has the advantages of high efficiency, flexible action and low energy consumption. Small environmental pollution and other characteristics. Chain bucket hoist combines three types of conveying characteristics: chain bucket hoist, screw conveyor and belt conveyor. The material is stored to a certain height through vertical lifting, horizontal material transfer and inclined lifting. The chain bucket type pile crane adopts the tyre type walking mechanism, can work in any position of the yard, because of the continuous collection, the lifting, the stacking material, the heap high efficiency greatly enhances; At the same time, the vertical conveying structure is used to increase the height of the pile, thus increasing the storage of the yard and increasing the utilization ratio of the yard. This paper mainly studies the movement characteristics of the chain bucket unloading material in the vertical conveying process of the chain bucket crane. The stress state of particles, the condition of particle equilibrium and the movement state of particles in tilted tank are analyzed from the aspect of particle mechanics, and the minimum inclined angle of the tank is deduced when particles slide. This paper analyzes the unloading mode in the process of rotation, the slip surface change of the material in the bucket during lifting, rotating and sloping down, and the stress analysis of the particles in the three stages, and establishes the equation of force balance of the particles. The differential equations of motion of particles in a bucket are derived. According to the equation of motion differential equation of particle, the initial velocity of particle unloading is obtained, and the equation of motion of particle acting as parabolic motion is established. The initial unloading angle of the chain bucket rotation process is determined and the positions of several typical particles are obtained. Then the trajectory of the typical particles is drawn according to the motion equation after the particles are unloaded, and the contours of the whole material flow are obtained. According to the outline of the material flow, the chain bucket housing can be designed. By analyzing the path of unloading particles at the latest, it is verified that the discharge of the chain hopper is complete. Finally, the whole unloading process of the chain hopper is simulated by EDEM discrete element software and the result is analyzed. The parameters such as different chain traction speed, chain inclination angle and chain bucket spacing are simulated, and a group of parameters with the best unloading effect is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U653.928

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