【摘要】：作為智能交通重要研究領(lǐng)域之一,干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制是提高現(xiàn)有城市路網(wǎng)通行能力、緩解交通壓力的有效途徑。近年來,我國在致力于解決大城市交通擁堵問題的同時,城市空氣污染現(xiàn)象日趨嚴重,逐漸引起人們的關(guān)注。因此,在開展城市干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化方面的研究時考慮減少車輛尾氣排放,對于指導(dǎo)城市干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制方案的設(shè)計、提高干線系統(tǒng)通行效率、最大化環(huán)境效益具有重要的意義。基于此,本文提出開展考慮車隊尾氣排放的城市干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化研究。首先,本文基于干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制基本理論與方法,對比分析了最大綠波帶法及最小延誤法的適用性。基于此,提出以干線車輛延誤最小為目標(biāo)的干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化模型。其次,在對交叉口處車輛行駛模式分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出干線系統(tǒng)相鄰交叉口間車隊運行模式劃分方法,并基于VISSIM仿真平臺得到不同運行模式下車隊運行工況數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合平均排放率,既而求得車隊在不同運行模式下各排放物排放因子,從而得到干線車隊尾氣排放估算方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以干線系統(tǒng)交叉口間相對相位差、車隊平均速度為約束條件,以最小化干線車隊延誤為主要目標(biāo),以最小化干線車隊尾氣排放量為次要目標(biāo),構(gòu)建考慮車隊尾氣排放的干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化模型,并提出寬容分層序列法與分支定界法相結(jié)合的求解方法。最后,本文選取北京市典型干線系統(tǒng)開展模型應(yīng)用分析研究,通過固定相位差下干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制、不考慮車隊尾氣排放的干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化及考慮車隊尾氣排放的干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化三種方案計算得優(yōu)化后交叉口間相位差,進而比較分析各方案車輛延誤及車隊尾氣排放狀況。結(jié)果表明,本文所構(gòu)建的考慮車隊尾氣排放的干線信號協(xié)調(diào)控制優(yōu)化模型不僅可以有效降低車輛延誤,提高干線通行效率,還可在一定程度上降低干線車隊尾氣排放量,減少環(huán)境污染。
[Abstract]:As one of the important research fields of intelligent transportation, the coordinated control of trunk signal is an effective way to improve the capacity of urban road network and relieve traffic pressure. In recent years, our country is devoting itself to solve the problem of traffic congestion in big cities, and at the same time, the phenomenon of urban air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which gradually attracts people's attention. Therefore, in the study of optimization of coordinated control of urban trunk signal, it is considered to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, which can guide the design of coordinated control scheme of urban trunk signal and improve the efficiency of trunk line system. It is of great significance to maximize environmental benefits. Based on this, this paper puts forward the optimization study of coordinated control of urban trunk line signal considering vehicle exhaust emission. Firstly, based on the basic theory and method of coordinated control of trunk signal, the applicability of the maximum green band method and the minimum delay method are compared and analyzed. Based on this, an optimal model for coordinated control of trunk line signals with minimum vehicle delay is proposed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the vehicle running mode at the intersection, the method of dividing the running mode of the motorcade between the adjacent intersections of the trunk line system is put forward, and the data of the motorcade operating conditions under different operation modes are obtained based on the VISSIM simulation platform. Combined with the average emission rate, the emission factors of the fleet under different operating modes are obtained, and the estimation method of the exhaust emission of the trunk fleet is obtained. On this basis, the relative phase difference between intersections of the trunk line system, the average speed of the motorcade is taken as the constraint condition, the main objective is to minimize the delay of the trunk road fleet, and the secondary objective is to minimize the exhaust emissions of the trunk road fleet. An optimal model for coordinated control of trunk line signals considering vehicle exhaust emissions is proposed, and a solution method combining tolerant hierarchical sequence method and branch and bound method is proposed. Finally, this paper selects the typical trunk line system in Beijing to carry out the model application analysis and research, through the fixed phase difference under the trunk line signal coordination control, The optimization of coordinated control of trunk line signal without considering the exhaust emission of the motorcade and the optimization of the coordinated control of trunk signal with consideration of the exhaust emission of the motorcade are used to calculate the phase difference between intersections after optimization. Then, the vehicle delay and vehicle exhaust emission of each scheme are compared and analyzed. The results show that the optimized model of coordinated control of trunk line signal considering vehicle exhaust emission can not only effectively reduce vehicle delay and improve the efficiency of trunk line traffic, but also reduce the emission of trunk road fleet emissions to a certain extent. Reduce environmental pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.54

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