路面結冰檢測技術的研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-08 07:57
【摘要】：道路結冰是寒冷季節(jié)我國大部分地區(qū)會出現(xiàn)的氣象現(xiàn)象,這一現(xiàn)象嚴重危害行駛車輛的安全。尤其是夜間在路面形成的黑冰,用肉眼難以分辨,更無法由路面監(jiān)控判斷。迄今為止,國內外的科研工作者設計開發(fā)了多種基于不同原理的結冰傳感器,其中不少可應用于路面結冰檢測。但許多探測原理僅處于實驗室階段,并不具備實際工程應用條件;也有不少成熟產品,由于成本較高,未能大面積使用。本文參照目前較為成熟的結冰探測技術,以實現(xiàn)實際工程應用為目的,研制出了兩種路面結冰探測系統(tǒng)——接觸式路面結冰探測系統(tǒng)和非接觸式路面結冰探測系統(tǒng)。針對接觸式路面結冰探測系統(tǒng),本文簡述了壓電平膜結冰傳感器、光纖結冰傳感器的基礎原理。然后根據(jù)路面結冰檢測的實際應用要求,對傳感器外形及原理進行了適當?shù)男薷呐c完善。之后以掃頻電路為基礎,設計、開發(fā)了壓電平膜路面結冰傳感器的信號調理系統(tǒng),以鎖定放大器為基礎,設計、改進了光纖路面結冰傳感器的信號調理系統(tǒng)。然后分別完成了兩種接觸式路面結冰傳感器的模擬結冰試驗,完成標定相關工作。最終通過現(xiàn)場試驗驗證了接觸式路面結冰探測系統(tǒng)的可行性。針對非接觸式路面結冰探測系統(tǒng),本文簡述了前期在文獻調研基礎上進行的理論研究,確定通過檢測反射光的偏振度來判斷路面狀態(tài),通過檢測激光反射光斑大小來判斷冰厚的方案。然后搭建了原理測試系統(tǒng),用瀝青塊模擬路面各種狀態(tài),完成了原理試驗。根據(jù)對原理試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行的處理與標定,證實了方案的可行性。最后針對路面結冰應用背景,設計了改變相機拍照角度、改變光源波段等試驗,驗證了此方案工程實際應用的可能性。
[Abstract]:Road icing is a meteorological phenomenon in most parts of China in cold season, which seriously endangers the safety of driving vehicles. Especially the black ice formed on the road surface at night is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and can not be judged by the road surface monitoring. So far, researchers at home and abroad have designed and developed a variety of icing sensors based on different principles, many of which can be used in road icing detection. However, many detection principles are only in the laboratory stage and do not have the practical engineering application conditions. There are also many mature products which can not be used in a large area because of the high cost. Referring to the mature ice detection technology at present, in order to realize the practical engineering application, this paper develops two kinds of pavement ice detection system-contact pavement ice detection system and non-contact pavement icing detection system. In this paper, the basic principle of the pressure level film icing sensor and the optical fiber icing sensor is introduced for the contact road icing detection system. Then according to the practical application requirements of pavement icing detection, the sensor shape and principle are modified and improved. Based on the frequency sweep circuit, the signal conditioning system of the pressure level film pavement icing sensor is designed and developed. Based on the locking amplifier, the signal conditioning system of the optical fiber pavement icing sensor is designed and improved. Then, two kinds of contact road icing sensor simulation icing test was completed, and the calibration work was completed. Finally, the feasibility of the contact pavement icing detection system is verified by field test. In view of the non-contact pavement icing detection system, this paper briefly describes the previous theoretical research on the basis of literature research, and determines that the state of the road can be judged by detecting the degree of polarization of reflected light. The method of judging the thickness of ice by measuring the size of laser reflection spot. Then the principle test system is set up, and the asphalt block is used to simulate the various states of the road, and the principle test is completed. The feasibility of the scheme is verified by processing and calibrating the experimental data. Finally, the experiments of changing camera angle and changing light band are designed to verify the possibility of practical application of this scheme.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U418;U492.8
本文編號：2404321
[Abstract]:Road icing is a meteorological phenomenon in most parts of China in cold season, which seriously endangers the safety of driving vehicles. Especially the black ice formed on the road surface at night is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and can not be judged by the road surface monitoring. So far, researchers at home and abroad have designed and developed a variety of icing sensors based on different principles, many of which can be used in road icing detection. However, many detection principles are only in the laboratory stage and do not have the practical engineering application conditions. There are also many mature products which can not be used in a large area because of the high cost. Referring to the mature ice detection technology at present, in order to realize the practical engineering application, this paper develops two kinds of pavement ice detection system-contact pavement ice detection system and non-contact pavement icing detection system. In this paper, the basic principle of the pressure level film icing sensor and the optical fiber icing sensor is introduced for the contact road icing detection system. Then according to the practical application requirements of pavement icing detection, the sensor shape and principle are modified and improved. Based on the frequency sweep circuit, the signal conditioning system of the pressure level film pavement icing sensor is designed and developed. Based on the locking amplifier, the signal conditioning system of the optical fiber pavement icing sensor is designed and improved. Then, two kinds of contact road icing sensor simulation icing test was completed, and the calibration work was completed. Finally, the feasibility of the contact pavement icing detection system is verified by field test. In view of the non-contact pavement icing detection system, this paper briefly describes the previous theoretical research on the basis of literature research, and determines that the state of the road can be judged by detecting the degree of polarization of reflected light. The method of judging the thickness of ice by measuring the size of laser reflection spot. Then the principle test system is set up, and the asphalt block is used to simulate the various states of the road, and the principle test is completed. The feasibility of the scheme is verified by processing and calibrating the experimental data. Finally, the experiments of changing camera angle and changing light band are designed to verify the possibility of practical application of this scheme.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U418;U492.8
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