【摘要】：針對我國高等級公路瀝青路面車流量大、重載、超載現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重等特點,聚合物改性瀝青已成為改善瀝青路用性能常用的有效途徑和發(fā)展方向,而廢橡膠粉和廢塑料又憑其資源豐富、價格低廉、加工工藝簡單及其優(yōu)質(zhì)的路用性能被國內(nèi)外廣泛采用,其中橡膠類改性劑對瀝青低溫性能改善明顯,塑料類改性劑對瀝青高溫性能改善明顯,如果能將廢舊塑料和廢舊橡膠合成一種新型的改性材料,發(fā)揮單一改性劑的優(yōu)勢,不僅改善瀝青材料的路用性能,也會帶來顯著的社會價值和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文從高效合金的理念出發(fā),研究以廢橡膠、廢塑料為原料合成的高分子材料對瀝青的改性效果。首先對橡塑改性瀝青的制備工藝進(jìn)行探索,確定改性劑和穩(wěn)定劑的最佳摻量,制備性能優(yōu)良的改性瀝青；通過針入度體系下指標(biāo)和SHRP瀝青膠結(jié)料性能指標(biāo)對比分析橡塑、橡膠、塑料、SBS改性瀝青的性能,綜合評價橡塑改性瀝青對性能的改善；通過官能團(tuán)分析、結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)分析、相容性分析探討橡塑改性瀝青的改性機(jī)理,從微觀尺度探索改性劑對瀝青的影響；最后提出了橡塑改性瀝青的技術(shù)要求。研究結(jié)果表明：由針入度分級指標(biāo)軟化點、60℃粘度、延度、針入度等評價橡塑改性瀝青時,改性效果不如SBS改善明顯；通過SHRP指標(biāo)G/sinδ、δ、S、m等評價路用性能時,橡塑改性瀝青的高、低溫性能、疲勞性能等都顯著提高,甚至高溫性能優(yōu)于SBS和橡膠改性瀝青。通過DSR重復(fù)剪切試驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：橡塑改性瀝青的疲勞性能優(yōu)于橡膠和塑料改性瀝青,橡塑改性瀝青有較好的抗疲勞特性；從紅外光譜吸收峰特征分析發(fā)現(xiàn)橡塑改性劑和橡塑改性瀝青的共混方式為物理共混,這就有效確保了橡塑合金過程中未改變橡膠和塑料的優(yōu)勢特性,確保其在和瀝青共混的過程中不損傷兩種物質(zhì)的優(yōu)勢效果,從而賦予瀝青較好的高溫穩(wěn)定性和低溫抗裂性。合適的改性劑摻量是橡塑改性瀝青形成緊密空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的必要條件；通過微觀分析發(fā)現(xiàn)橡塑改性劑和瀝青有較好的相容性,溶脹較充分,改性劑呈團(tuán)狀或絮狀均勻的分散在瀝青中,瀝青相和改性劑相互穿形成空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu),約束橡塑改性瀝青的流動和變形,改善瀝青的高溫抗變形、低溫抗開裂、抗疲勞和抗老化特性。本文基于室內(nèi)試驗,對不同摻量的橡塑改性瀝青進(jìn)行試驗檢測,提出了橡塑改性瀝青的技術(shù)要求,指導(dǎo)橡塑改性瀝青的生產(chǎn)和應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:In view of the characteristics of large vehicle flow, heavy load and serious overload on asphalt pavement of high grade highway in China, polymer modified asphalt has become an effective way and developing direction to improve the performance of asphalt road. Waste rubber powder and waste plastics are widely used at home and abroad because of their rich resources, low price, simple processing technology and high quality road performance, among which rubber modifiers can improve the low temperature performance of asphalt obviously. Plastic modifiers can obviously improve the high temperature performance of asphalt. If a new type of modified material can be synthesized from waste plastics and waste rubber, the advantages of a single modifier will not only improve the pavement performance of asphalt materials. It will also bring significant social value and economic benefits. Based on the concept of high efficiency alloy, the modification effect of polymer materials synthesized from waste rubber and waste plastics on asphalt was studied. Firstly, the preparation process of rubber-plastic modified asphalt was explored, and the optimum content of modifier and stabilizer was determined to prepare the modified asphalt with good performance. The properties of rubber, plastic and SBS modified asphalt were compared with SHRP asphalt binder under penetration system, and the performance improvement of rubber and plastic modified asphalt was evaluated. The modification mechanism of rubber-plastic modified asphalt was discussed by functional group analysis, structural morphology analysis and compatibility analysis, and the influence of modifier on asphalt was explored from microscopic scale. Finally, the technical requirements of rubber-plastic modified asphalt were put forward. The results show that when the softening point, viscosity, ductility and penetration of rubber and plastic modified asphalt are evaluated by the grading index of penetration degree, the modification effect is less obvious than that of SBS. The high, low temperature and fatigue properties of rubber-plastic modified asphalt were significantly improved through the evaluation of road performance by SHRP index G/sin 未 and Schim. Even the high temperature performance of rubber modified asphalt was superior to that of SBS and rubber modified asphalt. Through repeated shear test of DSR, it is found that the fatigue performance of rubber modified asphalt is better than that of rubber and plastic modified asphalt, and the rubber plastic modified asphalt has better fatigue resistance. From the characteristic analysis of infrared absorption peak, it is found that the blending mode of rubber and plastic modifier and modified asphalt is physical blending, which ensures that rubber and plastics are not changed in the process of rubber and plastic alloy. It is ensured that the superior effect of the two substances is not damaged in the process of blending with asphalt, thus giving asphalt better high temperature stability and low temperature cracking resistance. The appropriate amount of modifier is the necessary condition for the formation of compact spatial network structure of rubber and plastic modified asphalt. Through microscopic analysis, it is found that rubber and plastic modifiers have good compatibility with asphalt, and swelling is more sufficient. The modifiers are uniformly dispersed in asphalt in the form of agglomerate or flocculent, and the asphalt phase and modifier penetrate each other to form a space network structure. The flow and deformation of rubber and plastic modified asphalt are restricted to improve the properties of high temperature deformation resistance, low temperature cracking resistance, fatigue resistance and aging resistance of asphalt. Based on the laboratory test, this paper presents the technical requirements of rubber and plastic modified asphalt, which can guide the production and application of rubber and plastic modified asphalt.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U414

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 趙可;杜月宗;;PE復(fù)合改性瀝青技術(shù)研究[J];重慶交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2010年06期

2 楊志峰,李美江,王旭東;廢舊橡膠粉在道路工程中應(yīng)用的歷史和現(xiàn)狀[J];公路交通科技;2005年07期

3 唐新德;韓念鳳;賀忠國;李佳佳;孟德龍;;蒙脫土/SBS復(fù)合改性瀝青性能研究[J];建筑材料學(xué)報;2010年04期

4 張寶昌;席曼;張德文;于祥;張會軒;張寶硯;;SBR/OMMT復(fù)合材料改性瀝青的性能研究[J];橡膠工業(yè);2007年12期

，

本文編號：2403894