發(fā)布時間：2018-12-29 15:42

【摘要】：近年來,隨著城市化進程的不斷加快,越來越多的人涌入城市。為了緩解商業(yè)街交通壓力,過街人行天橋開始頻繁現(xiàn)身各大商業(yè)區(qū),成為必不可少的交通輔助工具。但是,由于高峰期人流的不確定性,人行天橋蓬勃發(fā)展的背后也隱藏著巨大的安全風險。商業(yè)街人行橋由于處在城市繁華區(qū),這樣的地理位置,使得它在保障自身功能的基礎上,開始向著輕柔、美觀的方向發(fā)展。而這種特點往往會導致橋梁自身剛度和阻尼大幅降低,同時伴隨著固有頻率的降低,在“人行橋高峰”階段容易產(chǎn)生振動,威脅行人的安全。針對這種情況,控制橋上行人數(shù)成了有效的解決辦法。這就需要找到合適的辦法預估安全人數(shù),為管理部門采取限流和安保措施提供技術支持。那么如何盡可能準確的預測出橋上安全人數(shù)就成了很有研究價值的課題,本文將嘗試解決這個問題。本人通過實地調(diào)研,采集到了橋上行人的步頻,通過數(shù)據(jù)處理得出了平均步頻,進而確定了人行橋的敏感頻率。接著通過有限元軟件構(gòu)建了人行橋的有限元模型,先是進行了模態(tài)分析,用模態(tài)分析的結(jié)果與實測值對比,保證了模型的實用性�；谀B(tài)分析的結(jié)果確定了該橋研究的必要性。在保證了模型的精確性與實用性之后,選取了國內(nèi)外應用較為成熟的荷載模型和人致振動研究方法,針對不同的人群密度工況對該模型進行有限元仿真,得出不同密度下的最大加速度,最后依據(jù)舒適度評價方法對該人行橋進行了舒適度評價,得出了不同工況時的舒適度情況,進而得到人行橋安全人數(shù)的控制范圍。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, more and more people pour into cities. In order to relieve traffic pressure, pedestrian overpasses frequently appear in various commercial districts and become necessary traffic aids. However, due to the uncertainty of passenger flow during the peak period, there are huge security risks behind the vigorous development of pedestrian overpasses. The pedestrian bridge in commercial street is located in the bustling area of the city, which makes it develop gently and aesthetically on the basis of ensuring its own function. This characteristic often leads to the reduction of the stiffness and damping of the bridge itself, and with the decrease of the natural frequency, it is easy to produce vibration in the peak stage of the footbridge and threaten the safety of pedestrians. In view of this situation, the control bridge uplink has become an effective solution. This requires finding an appropriate way to estimate the number of safe people and provide technical support for management to take current containment and security measures. So how to predict the number of safety on the bridge as accurately as possible has become a valuable research topic, this paper will try to solve this problem. Through the field investigation, I collected the pedestrian's step frequency on the bridge, obtained the average step frequency through the data processing, and then determined the sensitive frequency of the pedestrian bridge. Then the finite element model of the footbridge is constructed by the finite element software. First, the modal analysis is carried out, and the results of the modal analysis are compared with the measured values to ensure the practicability of the model. Based on the results of modal analysis, the necessity of studying the bridge is confirmed. After ensuring the accuracy and practicability of the model, the load model and the human vibration research method, which are used mature at home and abroad, are selected, and the finite element simulation of the model is carried out according to different population density working conditions. The maximum acceleration at different densities is obtained. Finally, the comfort degree of the footbridge is evaluated according to the comfort evaluation method, and the comfort degree of the footbridge under different working conditions is obtained, and the control range of the safety number of the footbridge is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U441.3

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