【摘要】：在修建地鐵隧道聯(lián)絡通道時常采用人工凍結方法。與普通加固方法相比,濱海地區(qū)軟弱富水地層修建地鐵聯(lián)絡通道時采用人工凍結法更具有支護穩(wěn)定、止水性好、強度大、靈活性好的特點。但聯(lián)絡通道凍結施工過程中,凍土的物理力學性質會發(fā)生改變,導致產(chǎn)生凍脹現(xiàn)象。地面上的建筑(構筑)物、已修建好的隧道、地下管線等均會受到凍脹的影響,可能產(chǎn)生裂縫,嚴重時結構可能發(fā)生破壞。為控制凍脹作用對建筑物和地表產(chǎn)生的影響,有必要對濱海地區(qū)地鐵聯(lián)絡通道凍結溫度場隨凍結時間的變化規(guī)律、凍脹變形的影響范圍等問題進行研究。本文結合福州地鐵1號線三叉街站~白湖亭站區(qū)間聯(lián)絡通道水平凍結工程實例,通過濱海地層人工凍土物理力學性能研究、ABAQUS有限元三維數(shù)值模擬與凍結施工現(xiàn)場實測的方法,研究了濱海地層地鐵聯(lián)絡通道人工凍結施工過程中溫度場發(fā)展和分布規(guī)律、位移場大小與分布情況。數(shù)值模擬與現(xiàn)場實測對比的結果驗證了有限元三維模擬聯(lián)絡通道凍結施工的可靠性,表明凍結施工三維數(shù)值模擬可以預測類似工程溫度場、位移場分布,并為濱海地層人工凍結工程提供設計依據(jù)與借鑒經(jīng)驗。主要研究內容與結論:1.通過對濱海地層福州地區(qū)地鐵車站表土進行人工凍結物理力學性能試驗,研究土體常溫和凍結狀態(tài)下基本物理力學參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,得到土體密度、含水率、導熱系數(shù)(包括凍土導熱系數(shù))、比熱容等物理參數(shù)和凍土彈性模量、單軸抗壓強度、凍脹率和凍脹力等力學參數(shù)。2.結合工程實例,利用得到的物理力學參數(shù)建立聯(lián)絡通道凍結施工三維有限元數(shù)值模型,考慮導熱系數(shù)隨溫度變化以及凍土相變潛熱的影響,研究了人工凍結施工過程的溫度場分布與發(fā)展規(guī)律,以及位移場分布規(guī)律與凍脹變形程度及其對地表的影響。3.對該地鐵聯(lián)絡通道人工凍結溫度隨時間變化過程進行現(xiàn)場實測,通過觀察工作面的凍結效果,結合監(jiān)測反饋的數(shù)據(jù)分析了人工凍結施工過程凍結帷幕的發(fā)展分布情況,結果表明凍結設計方案合理,凍結效果良好。4.將三維有限元數(shù)值模擬結果與工程實測結果進行對比,分別將數(shù)值模擬結果和工程實測結果繪制成凍結時間-溫度曲線,曲線擬合良好,數(shù)值模擬結果比較接近工程實測結果,表明三維數(shù)值模擬可以為人工凍結設計、施工提供借鑒與經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:The artificial freezing method is often used in the construction of subway tunnel contact channel. Compared with the common reinforcement method, the artificial freezing method has the characteristics of stable support, good water sealing, high strength and good flexibility when constructing subway communication channel in the weak and rich water layer of coastal area. However, the physical and mechanical properties of the frozen soil will change during the freezing construction of the connection channel, resulting in frost heaving. Buildings (structures), tunnels and underground pipelines on the ground will be affected by frost heaving, which may lead to cracks and damage to structures in serious cases. In order to control the influence of frost heaving on buildings and surface, it is necessary to study the change of freezing temperature field with freezing time and the influence range of frost heave deformation in the subway connecting channel in coastal area. In this paper, based on the example of horizontal freezing project between Sanchachujie Station and Baihu Ting Station of Fuzhou Metro Line 1, through the study of physical and mechanical properties of artificial frozen soil in coastal strata, the method of ABAQUS finite element three-dimensional numerical simulation and site measurement of freezing construction is presented. This paper studies the development and distribution of temperature field, displacement field and distribution during artificial freezing construction of subway connection channel in coastal strata. The comparison between the numerical simulation and the field measurement verifies the reliability of the freezing construction of the finite element three-dimensional simulation connecting channel, which indicates that the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the freezing construction can predict the temperature field and displacement field distribution of similar projects. It also provides the design basis and experience for artificial freezing engineering of coastal strata. Main contents and conclusions: 1. Based on the experiments of artificial freezing physical and mechanical properties of the surface soil of subway station in Fuzhou area of coastal strata, the variation law of basic physical and mechanical parameters of soil under normal temperature and freezing state is studied, and the density and moisture content of soil are obtained. Thermal conductivity (including thermal conductivity of frozen soil), physical parameters such as specific heat capacity and mechanical parameters such as elastic modulus of frozen soil, uniaxial compressive strength, frost heave rate and frost heave force. 2. Combined with engineering examples, the three-dimensional finite element numerical model of freezing construction of connection channel is established by using the obtained physical and mechanical parameters. The influence of the change of thermal conductivity with temperature and the latent heat of phase change in frozen soil are considered. The distribution and development of temperature field, the distribution of displacement field, the degree of frost heave deformation and its influence on the ground surface during artificial freezing construction are studied. Based on the observation of freezing effect of working face and the data of monitoring feedback, the development and distribution of freezing curtain during artificial freezing construction are analyzed. The results show that the freezing design is reasonable and the freezing effect is good. 4. The results of 3D finite element numerical simulation are compared with the measured results of engineering. The results of numerical simulation and engineering measurement are drawn into freezing time-temperature curves respectively. The curves fit well, and the results of numerical simulation are close to the measured results of engineering. It shows that 3D numerical simulation can provide reference and experience for artificial freezing design and construction.
【學位授予單位】：福建工程學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U231.3;U455.4

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